Review
Immunology
Yusuke Kinashi, Koji Hase
Summary: The intestinal surface is constantly exposed to various antigens, and intestinal epithelial cells play a crucial role in preventing the translocation of harmful antigens into the body. Disruption of the epithelial barrier can lead to increased intestinal permeability and leaky gut syndrome. The gut commensal microbiota is essential for regulating host immunity, and dysbiosis is associated with autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Zilu Cheng, Ling Yang, Huikuan Chu
Summary: This article summarizes the important role of the intestinal microbiota in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Studies have shown that changes in the intestinal microbiota contribute to the onset and progression of AIH and are associated with various immune and metabolic pathways. Restoring the composition of the intestinal microbiota through methods such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as well as targeting intestinal microbiota-associated signaling pathways, may provide new insights into the treatment of AIH patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bowei Zhang, Yingchuan Xu, Huan Lv, Wenwen Pang, Jin Wang, Hui Ma, Shuo Wang
Summary: This study investigated the intestinal pharmacokinetics of resveratrol in mice using HPLC-MS/MS and found that resveratrol and its metabolites were present in significant amounts in the entire intestinal tract and feces, with a peak concentration at 4 hours post-administration. The study also demonstrated the promotion of Lactobacillus reuteri growth by resveratrol-3-O-sulfate during in vitro fermentation and the up-regulation of tight junction and mucin-related proteins mRNA expressions by resveratrol-3-O-sulfate during incubation with Caco-2 cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tongtong Liu, Haitao Yu, Zeming Zhang, Yunfei Xie, Long Yang, Fuping You
Summary: Intestinal ELF4 plays a critical role in maintaining gut barrier and homeostasis, and is beneficial in alleviating alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Song Yang, Ting Hu, He Liu, Ya-li Lv, Wen Zhang, Han Li, Lingling Xuan, Li-li Gong, Li-hong Liu
Summary: ASD was shown to modify the gut microbiome and ameliorate HFD-induced gut barrier dysfunction by regulating the PPAR-?-FABP4 pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for protecting against MetS.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shuwen Lei, Zhifang Zhang, Guihua Xie, Chunyan Zhao, Yue Miao, Dehong Chen, Guangren Zhang, Hao Liu, Chunxiu Peng, Yan Hou, Jiashun Gong
Summary: The study found that Theabrownin (TB) has anti-aging effects in mice, improving learning and memory ability, reducing liver oxidative stress and inflammation, and preventing small intestine degeneration. TB regulates the composition of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites to exert its anti-aging effects.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pawel Liskiewicz, Mariusz Kaczmarczyk, Blazej Misiak, Michal Wronski, Agata Baba-Kubis, Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka, Wojciech Marlicz, Przemyslaw Bienkowski, Agata Misera, Justyna Pelka-Wysiecka, Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur, Anna Konopka, Igor Loniewski, Jerzy Samochowiec
Summary: The study found a significant correlation between gut microbiota and the severity of depressive symptoms, but they do not serve as predictors of symptomatic improvement during antidepressant treatment. Intestinal integrity and inflammation markers were associated with the response to treatment and symptom severity in patients with MDD. Additional studies are needed to confirm and expand on these findings.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunle Liu, Lin Ye, Huodai Chen, Karl Wah Keung Tsim, Xing Shen, Xiangmei Li, Xueling Li, Hongtao Lei
Summary: The study found that long-term intake of propisochlor impairs gastrointestinal health and leads to changes in gut microbiota. Additionally, gut microbiota is closely associated with the propisochlor-induced inflammatory response.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Anna Marc, Rafal Jastrzab, Jennifer Mytych
Summary: This article summarizes the latest knowledge on the correlation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and neurodegenerative and brain-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. It emphasizes the importance of gut-derived metabolites and gut metabolic status as key factors in gut-brain crosstalk and their impact on the severity of neural conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun -ping Liu, Jie Wang, Si-xuan Zhou, De-chun Huang, Guo-hong Qi, Gui-tang Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the immune-enhancing effect of ginger polysaccharides UGP1 and UGP2 on CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that ginger polysaccharides can alleviate the symptoms of weight loss and dietary intake reduction, increase fecal water content, protect immune organs, stimulate the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins, restore short-chain fatty acids levels in the intestine, and modulate gut microbiota associated with immune function. These findings suggest that ginger polysaccharides have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients or natural medicine for the treatment of intestinal barrier injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sathuvan Malairaj, Suresh Veeraperumal, Wanzi Yao, Mugesh Subramanian, Karsoon Tan, Saiyi Zhong, Kit-Leong Cheong
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a homogenous porphyran from Porphyra haitanensis (PHP) on the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota. The results show that PHP can improve the intestinal barrier function and regulate the composition of gut microbiota in mice. PHP increases the growth of beneficial bacteria, enhances the production of short-chain fatty acids, and improves the physical barrier function of the intestines. Furthermore, PHP increases the richness and diversity of gut microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priyankar Dey, Saumya Ray Chaudhuri, Thomas Efferth, Sirshendu Pal
Summary: The role of the intestine in human health and disease is crucial, and studies on intestinal microbiota and metabolites have enhanced our understanding of their relationship. Research on the effects of dietary phytochemicals on microbial metabolites in the gut is also a key focus.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Viktoria Hentschel, Thomas Seufferlein, Milena Armacki
Summary: Maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier is crucial for intestinal homeostasis and overall health, depending on a balanced signaling system between the intestinal epithelium and other cell populations. Disruptions to this communication may lead to sustained weakening of the intestinal barrier function, causing inflammation, tissue damage, and dysbiosis. Organoid-derived intestinal coculture models provide a convenient tool for studying these pathophysiological events and exploring interactions between cell populations to focus on intestinal barrier recovery and stabilization.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Guangmang Liu, Jiajia Lu, Weixiao Sun, Gang Jia, Hua Zhao, Xiaoling Chen, In Ho Kim, Ruinan Zhang, Jing Wang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of tryptophan (Trp) on intestinal barrier function, inflammation, antioxidant status, and microbiota in LPS-challenged piglets. The results showed that Trp supplementation improved the composition of the gut microbiota, enhanced the synthesis of short chain fatty acids, reduced inflammation, increased antioxidant capacity, and improved intestinal barrier function.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinping Guo, Ziang Qian, Qiqi Pan, Yuqing Hu, Wangxin Mei, Xiumei Xing, Shaowu Yin, Jie Ji, Kai Zhang
Summary: Excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture leads to antibiotic residues in aquatic animal products, which poses a threat to human health. This study investigated the effects of florfenicol (FF) on Chinese mitten crabs, focusing on gut health, microbiota, and their relationship. The results showed that FF exposure caused significant changes in gut morphology, immune responses, apoptosis characteristics, and antioxidant enzyme activities. The high concentration of FF also led to a decrease in microbial diversity and changes in composition. These findings provide new insights into the impact of antibiotics on gut health and microbiota in aquatic invertebrates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)