Ligand-independent integrin β1 signaling supports lung adenocarcinoma development

Integrins ??? the principal extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors of the cell ??? promote cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, which are key events for cancer growth and metastasis. To date, most integrin-targeted cancer therapeutics have disrupted integrin-ECM interactions, which are viewed as critical for integrin functions. However, such agents have failed to improve cancer patient outcomes. We show that the highly expressed integrin ??1 subunit is required for lung adenocarcinoma development in a carcinogen-induced mouse model. Likewise, human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with integrin ??1 deletion failed to form colonies in soft agar and tumors in mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that these effects do not require integrin ??1???mediated adhesion to ECM but are dependent on integrin ??1 cytoplasmic tail-mediated activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). These studies support a critical role for integrin ??1 in lung tumorigenesis that is mediated through constitutive, ECM binding???independent signaling involving the cytoplasmic tail.

Automated summary

Integrin α1 plays a critical role in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma by activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK) through cytoplasmic tail signaling, independent of ECM binding.