Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Arnaud D. Kaze, Solomon K. Musani, Aurelian Bidulescu, Adolfo Correa, Alain G. Bertoni, Rexford S. Ahima, Sherita H. Golden, Marwah Abdalla, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui
Summary: This study found an association between plasma leptin levels and blood pressure progression in Blacks, suggesting that leptin concentrations may help identify individuals at risk for hypertension and guide prevention and management strategies.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mei Yu, Mengxian Ju, Penghua Fang, Zhenwen Zhang
Summary: Consumption of a high calorie diet with irregular eating and sedentary behavior habits is typical of the current suboptimal lifestyle, contributing to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The adipokines spexin and leptin play important roles in regulating adipogenesis and glucose metabolism. Their levels and interaction in patients with obesity and diabetes also affect the development of these diseases.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz, Antonio Perez-Perez, Teresa Vilarino-Garcia, Carlos Jimenez-Cortegana, Francisco Javier G. Muriana, Maria C. Millan-Linares, Victor Sanchez-Margalet
Summary: Obesity is characterized by the accumulation and dysregulation of adipose tissue, often accompanied by resistance to leptin and elevated leptin levels. Leptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue, plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis. Dietary components can modulate leptin metabolism, with some reducing inflammation and enhancing leptin sensitivity, while others may exacerbate chronic inflammation and increase the risk of complications. Research into nutritional mechanisms to restore leptin metabolism could lead to new treatment options for obesity-related disorders.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Janine Molder, Esther Guiu-Jurado, Yusef Moulla, Christine Stroh, Arne Dietrich, Michael R. Schoen, Daniel Gaertner, Tobias Lohmann, Miriam Dressler, Michael Stumvoll, Peter Kovacs, Matthias Blueher, Nora Kloeting
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of SNP rs10487505 on leptin mRNA expression and obesity-related parameters. The researchers found that rs10487505 is associated with lower leptin levels in women and a lower mean BMI in women carrying the C allele. However, no association was found between rs10487505 and leptin mRNA expression in adipose tissue.
Review
Immunology
Kaitlin Kiernan, Nancie J. MacIver
Summary: Leptin, produced by adipocytes in proportion to adipose tissue mass, plays a critical role in the immune response to changes in overall nutrition. Despite its main roles in regulating systemic metabolism and appetite, it also influences immune cell function, leading to a largely pro-inflammatory phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Longhua Liu, Zunhan Shi, Xiaohui Ji, Wenqian Zhang, Jinwen Luan, Tarik Zahr, Li Qiang
Summary: Obesity is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, and adipokines secreted by adipose tissue play important roles in the development and treatment of atherosclerosis.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elia Navarro-Masip, Alexandre Caron, Miquel Mulero, Lluis Arola, Gerard Aragones
Summary: Energy homeostasis and metabolism in mammals are influenced by seasonal changes, with variations in photoperiod patterns driving adaptations in body weight and adiposity. Humans also show distinct patterns of energy balance depending on the season, being more susceptible to weight gain during specific times of the year. Changes in body weight are mainly reflected in adipose tissue, which is highly affected by circannual rhythms. These metabolic adaptations involve molecular modifications and disruptions in the seasonal responses are associated with increased risk of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mascha Koenen, Michael A. Hill, Paul Cohen, James R. Sowers
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases, as the leading cause of death worldwide, are strongly associated with overweight and obesity, which contribute to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. The abnormal remodeling of specific adipose tissue depots during obesity plays a critical role in the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular stiffness, with fat distribution being a key determinant of the risk for cardiovascular diseases.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Annamaria Genchi, Rossella D'Oria, Giuseppe Palma, Cristina Caccioppoli, Angelo Cignarelli, Annalisa Natalicchio, Luigi Laviola, Francesco Giorgino, Sebastio Perrini
Summary: Leptin plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance and avoiding nutrient imbalance, with changes in its levels or action potentially leading to metabolic dysfunctions and adipose tissue expansion. The vicious cycle of hyperleptinaemia, leptin resistance, and leptin overproduction can result in increased food intake and fat enlargement. Additionally, defective thermoregulation and impaired leptin signaling in obesity highlight the importance of restoring leptin sensitivity and exploring novel anti-obesity therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jingyi Chi, Zeran Lin, William Barr, Audrey Crane, Xiphias Ge Zhu, Paul Cohen
Summary: The study revealed that the association between beige adipocytes and dense sympathetic neurites in mouse subcutaneous fat is established during early postnatal period, with Prdm16 playing a crucial role in guiding sympathetic growth. However, this patterning is not essential for maintaining the sympathetic structure in mature animals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Russell T. Turner, Carmen P. Wong, Kristina M. Fosse, Adam J. Branscum, Urszula T. Iwaniec
Summary: The study compared the effects of increasing leptin levels through gene therapy and conventional caloric restriction in preventing weight gain in rats. Both methods were equally effective in preventing weight gain, but differed in energy intake, energy expenditure, adipokine levels, and body composition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Russell T. Turner, Kenneth A. Philbrick, Carmen P. Wong, Adam J. Branscum, Urszula T. Iwaniec
Summary: Absence of leptin leads to metabolic dysfunction and morbid obesity, as well as impaired bone growth and maturation. This study investigates the skeletal effects of partial and total leptin resistance in mice and finds that partial leptin resistance can negatively impact bone, while compensating with increased white adipose tissue mass may help maintain skeletal health.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Takao Miwa, Tatsunori Hanai, Kayoko Nishimura, Satoko Tajirika, Yuki Nakahata, Kenji Imai, Atsushi Suetsugu, Koji Takai, Mayumi Yamamoto, Masahito Shimizu
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of body composition on the risk of portopulmonary hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis using computed tomography (CT). A retrospective analysis of 148 cirrhosis patients treated at a hospital between March 2012 and December 2020 was conducted. Body composition and factors associated with high-risk portopulmonary hypertension were evaluated using logistic regression and decision tree analyses. The study found that BMI, subcutaneous adipose tissue index, and visceral adipose tissue index were associated with high-risk portopulmonary hypertension in cirrhosis patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Aneliya Parvanova, Elia Reseghetti, Manuela Abbate, Piero Ruggenenti
Summary: The prevalence of obesity has tripled over the past five decades, leading to an increased risk of hypertension. While the causal relationship between obesity and high blood pressure is well established, the detailed mechanisms for such association are still under research.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yahya M. Naguib, Rehab M. Samaka, Mohamed S. Rizk, Omnia Ameen, Shaimaa M. Motawea
Summary: The prevalence of hypertension and obesity has been increasing in recent decades, and they are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Telmisartan not only has an anti-hypertensive effect, but also shows profound actions on visceral adipose tissue structure and function in obesity-related hypertension. Targeting polymodal molecules that focus on adipose tissue-related disorders should receive more attention.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)