Article
Immunology
Yuntao Zhang, Xiaotong Zheng, Wang Sheng, Hongyang Liang, Yuxiu Zhao, Xiujuan Zhu, Rong Yang, Yadan Zhang, Xiaofei Dong, Weidong Li, Fei Pei, Ling Ding, Zhen Chang, Li Deng, Guangying Yuan, Zhaona Yang, Di Zhu, Xiaoming Yang, Hui Wang
Summary: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, various variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged, including five variants of concern. These variants, especially Omicron, have been shown to evade the immune response induced by existing COVID-19 vaccines to varying degrees, posing a significant risk to global health. In this study, a vaccine based on inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and an adjuvant was developed and tested in rats. The candidate vaccine elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies against not only the original SARS-CoV-2, but also the Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants.
Article
Immunology
Jie Yang, Boran Li, Dongsheng Yang, Jie Wu, Anna Yang, Wenhui Wang, Fengjie Lin, Xin Wan, YuWei Li, Zhuo Chen, Shiyun Lv, Deqin Pang, Wenbo Liao, Shengli Meng, Jia Lu, Jing Guo, Zejun Wang, Shuo Shen
Summary: This study investigated the immunogenicity of an aluminum hydroxide and CpG adjuvanted inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that the Alum+CpG adjuvant induced a strong antibody response and durable immune response in mice, along with a Th1-type cellular immune response. Furthermore, the Alum+CpG adjuvant significantly increased the proportions of GC B cells in immunized mice and exhibited similar inflammatory cytokine level changes compared to Alum adjuvant.
Article
Virology
Saovanee Benjamanukul, Sasiwimon Traiyan, Ritthideach Yorsaeng, Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana, Natthinee Sudhinaraset, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Yong Poovorawan
Summary: The study investigated the safety and immunogenicity of CoronaVac in the Thai population, showing that a 0-21 days, 2-dose regimen was safe and effective, inducing satisfactory antibody responses. However, antibody levels rapidly declined after 3 months. Recommend 2-dose CoronaVac administration with possible booster doses.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arabella S. Stuart, Robert H. Shaw, Xinxue Liu, Melanie Greenland, Parvinder K. Aley, Nick J. Andrews, J. C. Cameron, Sue Charlton, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Andrea M. Collins, Tom Darton, Tanya Dinesh, Christopher J. A. Duncan, Anna England, Saul N. Faust, Daniela M. Ferreira, Adam Finn, Anna L. Goodman, Christopher A. Green, Bassam Hallis, Paul T. Heath, Helen Hill, Bryn M. Horsington, Teresa Lambe, Rajeka Lazarus, Vincenzo Libri, Patrick J. Lillie, Yama F. Mujadidi, Ruth Payne, Emma L. Plested, Samuel Provstgaard-Morys, Maheshi N. Ramasamy, Mary Ramsay, Robert C. Read, Hannah Robinson, Gavin R. Screaton, Nisha Singh, David P. J. Turner, Paul J. Turner, Iason Vichos, Rachel White, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Matthew D. Snape
Summary: The study investigated the mixed use of different COVID-19 vaccines within the same schedule, showing that in certain conditions, heterologous vaccination can achieve similar immunogenicity to homologous vaccination, facilitating rapid global vaccine deployment.
Article
Immunology
Amir Ghaemi, Parisa Roshani Asl, Hedieh Zargaran, Delaram Ahmadi, Asim Ali Hashimi, Elahe Abdolalipour, Sahar Bathaeian, Seyed Mohammad Miri
Summary: This study designed and developed a recombinant vaccine candidate using a formulated combination of recombinant RBD and N proteins. The results showed that the vaccine induced specific immune responses, including the production of neutralizing antibodies and increased T cell response, suggesting its potential as a long-lasting and strong vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jung Yeon Heo, Yu Bin Seo, Eun Jin Kim, Jacob Lee, Young Rong Kim, Jin Gu Yoon, Ji Yun Noh, Hee Jin Cheong, Woo Joo Kim, Soo-Young Yoon, Ju-Yeon Choi, Young Jae Lee, Hye Won Lee, Sung Soon Kim, Byoungguk Kim, Joon Young Song
Summary: This study evaluated the association between reactogenicity and immunogenicity after vaccination with different COVID-19 vaccines. It found that systemic adverse events after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 may be related to proinflammatory cytokine responses, while fever after the second dose of BNT162b2 is positively correlated with vaccine-induced immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kuan-Yin Lin, Pei-Ying Wu, Wang -Da Liu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Szu-Min Hsieh, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chien-Ching Hung, Shan-Chwen Chang
Summary: This study demonstrates that COVID-19 vaccination is clinically effective among people living with HIV (PLWH) in an outbreak setting with low endemicity of COVID-19 and strict non-pharmaceutical interventions.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathryn E. Stephenson, Mathieu Le Gars, Jerald Sadoff, Anne Marit de Groot, Dirk Heerwegh, Carla Truyers, Caroline Atyeo, Carolin Loos, Abishek Chandrashekar, Katherine McMahan, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Jingyou Yu, Makda S. Gebre, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Zhenfeng Li, Shivani Patel, Lauren Peter, Jinyan Liu, Erica N. Borducchi, Joseph P. Nkolola, Morgana Souza, Chen Sabrina Tan, Rebecca Zash, Boris Julg, Ruvandhi R. Nathavitharana, Roger L. Shapiro, Ahmed Abdul Azim, Carolyn D. Alonso, Kate Jaegle, Jessica L. Ansel, Diane G. Kanjilal, Caitlin J. Guiney, Connor Bradshaw, Anna Tyler, Tatenda Makoni, Katherine E. Yanosick, Michael S. Seaman, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Galit Alter, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih, Johan Van Hoof, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: The study evaluated the immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in human participants, showing rapid induction of spike-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Various antibody subclasses, Fc receptor binding properties, and antiviral functions were induced, along with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Almohanad A. Alkayyal, Manar Darwish, Reham Ajina, Saleh Y. Alabbas, Mohammed A. Alotaibi, Abeer Alsofyani, Maha Bokhamseen, Maumonah Hakami, Omar A. Albaradie, Abdulaziz M. Moglan, Sharif Hala, Abdullah Faisal Alsahafi, Samer Zakri, Adnan Almuzaini, Khamis Alsharari, Feras Kaboha, Mustafa Y. Taher, Haggag S. Zein, Fayhan Alroqi, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent need for safe and cost-effective vaccines to control outbreaks globally. In this study, the VSV-51M oncolytic virus platform was repurposed to express the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigen to combat SARS-CoV-2. The VSV-51M-RBD vaccine demonstrated successful expression of RBD, induced anti-RBD responses without compromising the virus, and showed potential as a safe and effective alternative or complementary platform to current COVID-19 vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Federico Gobbi, Dora Buonfrate, Lucia Moro, Paola Rodari, Chiara Piubelli, Sara Caldrer, Silvia Riccetti, Alessandro Sinigaglia, Luisa Barzon
Summary: Individuals who previously contracted SARS-CoV-2 are expected to have a more rapid and sustained immune response to COVID-19 vaccines, with markedly higher titers of neutralizing antibodies compared to natural infection. A single dose of the vaccine may be sufficient to induce an effective response in previously infected individuals.
Article
Immunology
Tripti Shrivastava, Balwant Singh, Zaigham Abbas Rizvi, Rohit Verma, Sandeep Goswami, Preeti Vishwakarma, Kamini Jakhar, Sudipta Sonar, Shailendra Mani, Sankar Bhattacharyya, Amit Awasthi, Milan Surjit
Summary: Researchers have successfully designed the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein fragment 330-526 as a potential vaccine candidate, showing stability and strong immune response. Immunization with RBD generated high titer humoral responses, cytotoxic T cells, and neutralizing antibodies in mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shu Yazaki, Tatsuya Yoshida, Yuki Kojima, Shigehiro Yagishita, Hiroko Nakahama, Keiji Okinaka, Hiromichi Matsushita, Mika Shiotsuka, Osamu Kobayashi, Satoshi Iwata, Yoshitaka Narita, Akihiro Ohba, Masamichi Takahashi, Satoru Iwasa, Kenya Kobayashi, Yuichiro Ohe, Tomokazu Yoshida, Akinobu Hamada, Toshihiko Doi, Noboru Yamamoto
Summary: This study evaluated the serum SARS-CoV-2 antibody status in cancer patients and healthcare workers in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. The seroprevalence did not differ significantly between the two groups, but it was found that cancer comorbidity and treatment with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors may impact the immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Immunology
Valeria Valim, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Maria da Penha Gomes Gouvea, Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho, Daniel Antunes Maciel Villela, Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima, Adriana Souza Azevedo, Lauro Ferreira Pinto Neto, Carla Magda Allan Santos Domingues, Nesio Fernandes de Medeiros Junior, Isac Ribeiro Moulaz, Laiza Hombre Dias, Samira Tatiyama Miyamoto, Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho, Jose Geraldo Mill
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and immunogenicity of a half dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine compared to the full dose. The results showed that the half dose was as effective and safe as the full dose, with no significant difference in preventing new cases. The immune response in individuals who were already seropositive at baseline suggests that the half dose may serve as a booster dose schedule.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Leyla Sharifi Aliabadi, Manoochehr Karami, Maryam Barkhordar, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari, Amir Kavousi, Mohammad Ahmadvand, Mohammad Vaezi
Summary: This study aimed to explore COVID-19 vaccination strategies in patients undergoing HSCT to optimize vaccine efficacy. The findings revealed that heterologous vaccination with a different vaccine can significantly enhance immune response compared to homologous vaccination, but it also comes with more adverse events.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Johad Khoury, Ronza Najjar-Debbiny, Ayman Hanna, Adel Jabbour, Yara Abu Ahmad, Amer Saffuri, Majdole Abu-Sinni, Rashed Shkeiri, Ameer Elemy, Fahed Hakim
Summary: The antibody levels decline rapidly one month after the second dose of the vaccine, with the average antibody level four months after vaccination being only 6% of the peak levels. During the study period, there were 4 breakthrough infections, all of which were mild or asymptomatic, with a sharp elevation in antibody levels seen after infection.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Angelene Richards, Danielle Baranova, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: This review examines preclinical studies on orally administered monoclonal secretory IgA antibodies targeting enteric bacterial pathogens. While highlighting the potential of SIgA as a prophylactic tool, the studies also underscore the challenges associated with using MAbs against enteric bacterial diseases.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hari P. Dulal, David J. Vance, Durga P. Neupane, Xiangcheng Chen, Jacqueline M. Tremblay, Charles B. Shoemaker, Nicholas J. Mantis, Jeongmin Song
Summary: Researchers generated a VHH antibody library from typhoid toxoid-immunized alpacas and identified six potent antibodies that can neutralize typhoid toxin and protect mice from its toxicity.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy F. Czajka, David J. Vance, Simon Davis, Michael J. Rudolph, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: This study reveals the importance of ribosomal P-stalk proteins in recruiting ricin's RTA subunit to the sarcin-ricin loop (SRL) for ribosome inactivation. By characterizing a collection of single-domain antibodies that block RTA-P-stalk peptide interactions, the researchers show that these antibodies protect ribosomes from depurination and render cells resistant to ricin intoxication. Furthermore, the crystal structures of these antibodies indicate structural mimicry of C-terminal domain peptides, providing valuable insights into the mechanism of ricin intoxication.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cait M. Costello, Graham G. Willsey, Angelene F. Richards, Jaeyoon Kim, Matteo S. Pizzuto, Stefano Jaconi, Fabio Benigni, Davide Corti, Nicholas J. Mantis, John C. March
Summary: Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the most abundant antibody type in intestinal secretions, playing a key role in protecting the epithelium from invasive pathogens like STm. Experiments in human Enteroids and HIOs have shown that Sal4 IgA can effectively reduce invasion by STm.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Pamela A. Kozlowski, Nicholas J. Mantis, Andreas Frey
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Elaheh Movahed, David J. Vance, Dylan Ehrbar, Greta Van Slyke, Jennifer Yates, Karen Kullas, Michael Rudolph, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: This study investigates the antibody reactivity and potential limitations of B. burgdorferi colonization by analyzing human serum samples from individuals with B. burgdorferi infection. The study identifies specific regions on DbpA that elicit strong antibody responses, suggesting that these antibodies may play a role in limiting the attachment and colonization of B. burgdorferi in distal tissues during the early stages of infection.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
H. M. Emranul Haque, Nicholas J. Mantis, David D. Weis
Summary: This paper presents a screening protocol for epitope mapping using HX-MS that offers higher throughput compared to traditional methods. The results obtained from the screening protocol are consistent with those from the complete HX-MS, but with a higher throughput.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Michael J. Rudolph, Simon A. Davis, H. M. Emranul Haque, David D. Weis, David J. Vance, Carol Lyn Piazza, Monir Ejemel, Lisa Cavacini, Yang Wang, M. Lamine Mbow, Robert D. Gilmore, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: The study focuses on the structure of OspC and its interaction with a specific antibody B5, which has implications for the development of Lyme disease vaccines and therapeutics.
Article
Immunology
Samantha K. Lindberg, Graham G. Willsey, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: Secretory IgA (SIgA) protects the intestinal epithelium from enteric pathogens such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm) through immune exclusion, but the underlying mechanism of how SIgA mediates the transition from motile and invasive state to an avirulent sessile state in STm is unknown. In this report, the snow globe assay was developed to visualize and quantify STm agglutination by the mouse monoclonal IgA Sal4. The results showed that agglutination was influenced by bacterial motility and cell-cell collisions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Vance, Michael J. Rudolph, Simon A. Davis, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: The monoclonal antibodies JB4 and SylH3 neutralize ricin toxin by recognizing an ancillary carbohydrate recognition pocket located in subdomain 1 beta of the toxin's B subunit. This recognition is mediated by the Phe side chain from the heavy chain's complementarity determining region (CDR3). The study suggests that subdomain 1 beta functions as a coreceptor required for stabilizing glycan interactions mediated by subdomains 1 alpha and 2 gamma.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sakshi Bajoria, Lorena R. Antunez, Ozan S. Kumru, Mark Klempner, Yang Wang, Lisa A. Cavacini, Sangeeta B. Joshi, David B. Volkin
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of low-cost, oral passive immunization using secretory IgA antibodies (sIgA) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Different formulations were evaluated for stability during storage and in in vitro digestion models. The results demonstrate the potential of single-vial, liquid formulations of sIgA antibodies for passive immunization after infant feeding.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Kimia Sobhani, Susan Cheng, Raquel A. Binder, Nicholas J. Mantis, James M. Crawford, Nkemakonam Okoye, Jonathan G. Braun, Sandy Joung, Minhao Wang, Gerard Lozanski, Christopher L. King, John D. Roback, Douglas A. Granger, Suresh B. Boppana, Amy B. Karger, Ralph A. Tripp
Summary: In this article, the established clinical use cases for SARS-CoV-2 antibody measures are reviewed, and the definition of an antibody correlate of protection (CoP) for SARS-CoV-2 is examined. The use of binding antibody tests and neutralization tests, as well as the considerations of antibody responses in different populations, vaccine types, and variants, are discussed. The importance of cellular immunity in the nature and durability of protection is also addressed.
Article
Cell Biology
Cody G. Kempen, Matthew A. Deragon, Alexa L. Hodges, Michael Hamersky, Melanie Vugelman, Jack Qu, Nicholas J. Mantis, Timothy J. LaRocca
Summary: This study found that airway macrophages may be a major source of cytokines that induce lung epithelial cell death. After ricin-induced apoptosis of U937 cells, released RT and FasL contributed to the death of A549 cells. In addition, the release of HMGB1 also triggered cell death in A549 cells. The bystander necroptosis of lung epithelial cells during RT toxicosis may perpetuate or increase the proinflammatory response.
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Christopher D. Heaney, Heidi Hempel, Kate L. Derosa, Ligia A. Pinto, Nicholas J. Mantis
Summary: The measurement of SARS-CoV-2 serum and mucosal antibodies in oral fluids, with the establishment of best practices and clinical laboratory standards, is essential for understanding the immune-related factors that influence COVID-19 transmission and persistence within populations.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)