Journal
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
Volume 134, Issue -, Pages 563-573Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.091
Keywords
Indirect land use change; Consequential LCA; Attributional LCA; Biofuel
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Funding
- National Science and Technology Development Agency
- Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment at King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi under the project Research Network for LCA and Policy on Food, Fuel and Climate Change
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This study aimed to assess indirect land use change (iLUC) and greenhouse gas (GHG) consequences of Thailand's bioethanol policy by using consequential life cycle assessment (CLCA) and a systematic iLUC model based on global land market. The results indicated the risk that life cycle GHG emissions of cassava- and molasses-based bioethanol systems may outweigh those from their fossil fuel counterparts both with and without the iLUC effects. The iLUC emissions from bioethanol were around 39%-76% (+/- 8-15%) of the gasoline GHG emission baseline. Inclusion of relevant suppliers for the use of fully utilised by-products which are renewable energy sources (i.e. molasses and bagasse) highly affected the GHG consequences. Various controlled conditions such as non-fully utilised molasses and bagasse potentially lead to significant GHG reductions. The additional molasses and bagasse production dedicated specifically for bioethanol production potentially contribute to substantial GHG reductions. Further studies are required to determine other environmental impacts from bioethanol and to consider other iLUC modelling choices and emerging research development. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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