4.7 Article

Differential Impact of Nitric Oxide and Abscisic Acid on the Cellular and Physiological Functioning of sub1A QTL Bearing Rice Genotype under Salt Stress

Journal

PLANTS-BASEL
Volume 11, Issue 8, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/plants11081084

Keywords

abiotic stress; antioxidant defense; osmotic potential; oxidative stress; phytohormone signaling; neurotransmitters; reactive oxygen species; polyamines

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Funding

  1. Department of Science and Technology (DST)-Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence program, DST

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The study found that by applying sodium nitroprusside and abscisic acid to rice seedlings, their sensitivity to oxidative stress can be enhanced, resulting in different cellular responses in terms of cell water relations and compatible solutes. Different cultivars showed a similar trend of reduced water relations and compatible solutes under salt stress, however, there were differences in the accumulation of polyamines between cultivars.
Hydroponic culture containing 200 mM NaCl was used to induce oxidative stress in seedlings of cultivars initially primed with 1 mM SNP and 10 mu M ABA. Exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP - a nitric oxide donor) and abscisic acid (ABA) was well sensitized more in cv. Swarna Sub1 than cv. Swarna and also reflected in different cellular responses. The major effects of salinity, irrespective of the cultivar, were lowering the water relation, including relative water content and osmotic potential, and decreasing the compatible solutes like alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glycine betaine. The accumulated polyamines were reduced more in cv. Swarna with a concomitant decrease in photosynthetic reserves. NADP-malic enzyme activity, sucrose accumulation, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities gradually declined under NaCl stress and the catabolizing enzymes like invertase (both wall and cytosolic forms) also declined. On the contrary, plants suffered from oxidative stress through superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and their biosynthetic enzymes like NADP(H) oxidase. Moderation of Na+/K+ by both SNP and ABA were correlated with other salt sensitivities in the plants. The maximum effects of SNP and ABA were found in the recovery of antioxidation pathways, osmotic tolerance, and carbohydrate metabolism. Findings predict the efficacy of SNP and ABA either independently or cumulatively in overcoming NaCl toxicity in rice.

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