Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan N. Michalski, Bart O. Williams
Summary: This review discusses the development and application of genetically engineered mouse models in musculoskeletal biology research, with a particular focus on tissue-specific gene knockout and the impact of CRISPR/Cas technology.
Article
Physiology
Martina Feger, Jana Alber, Joerg Strotmann, Andrea Grund, Maren Leifheit-Nestler, Dieter Haffner, Michael Foeller
Summary: FGF23 production can be stimulated by fasting through the production of beta-hydroxybutyrate. This finding suggests that the fasting state of patients may affect FGF23 tests, which are commonly used as a surrogate parameter in clinical monitoring of diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teodora V. V. Grigore, Malou Zuidscherwoude, Anna Witasp, Peter Barany, Annika Wernerson, Annette Bruchfeld, Hong Xu, Hannes Olauson, Joost Hoenderop
Summary: Disturbances in magnesium homeostasis are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are associated with increased mortality. This study found that Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) is associated with renal magnesium handling in CKD patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Toshimi Michigami
Summary: Osteocytes are crucial in controlling bone mass and phosphate homeostasis through the production of sclerostin, FGF23, and other factors. The regulation of FGF23 production in osteocytes is complex and multifactorial, involving local and systemic factors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
B. Sirlier Emir, S. Yildiz, A. Kazgan Kilicaslan, F. Kilic, K. Ugur, S. Aydin, M. Atmaca
Summary: This study confirms the association between Klotho and FGF-23 levels and bipolar disorder, and shows that Klotho and FGF-23 levels are significantly increased in patients with bipolar disorder manic episodes. These findings offer new insights into the etiology and treatment of bipolar disorder.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ye Yuan, Supriya Jagga, Janaina S. Martins, Rakshya Rana, Paola Divieti Pajevic, Eva S. Liu
Summary: Osteocytes in XLH mice exhibit enlarged lacunae and altered canaliculi structure, which can be improved with 1,25D or anti-FGF23 antibody treatment. Impaired 1,25D action and low phosphate levels contribute to the abnormal lacuno-canalicular phenotype observed in XLH.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Greig Couasnay, Maria-Bernadette Madel, Joohyun Lim, Brendan Lee, Florent Elefteriou
Summary: The Cre/Lox system is a powerful tool for gene studies, allowing for loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments. However, Cre transgenic lines may have off-target activity, emphasizing the importance of selecting optimal Cre lines for research purposes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Archita Agrawal, Pu Ni, Rafiou Agoro, Kenneth E. White, Richard D. DiMarchi
Summary: FGF23 interacts with a FGFR/KL-receptor complex and has two independent KL-interaction sites at its C terminus, the loss of either leading to protein inactivation. The identification of the second KL-association site provides a potential for enhanced biological effects.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Martina Feger, Franz Ewendt, Joerg Strotmann, Holger Schaeffler, Daniela Kempe-Teufel, Philipp Glosse, Gabriele I. Stangl, Michael Foeller
Summary: FGF23, mainly secreted by bone cells, regulates renal phosphate reabsorption and active vitamin D formation. Glucocorticoids can suppress FGF23 production and increase the expression of negative regulators of FGF23. In mice, a single dose of glucocorticoids reduces FGF23 levels and enhances active vitamin D.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Monika Sykala, Piotr Szumowski, Malgorzata Mojsak, Saeid Abdelrazek, Lukasz Zukowski, Danuta Lipinska, Ilona Juchnicka, Gabryela Kozlowska, Malgorzata Szelachowska, Adam Kretowski, Janusz Mysliwiec
Summary: This study assessed the clinical usefulness of assaying FGF-23, Klotho, osteocalcin, NTX, and sclerostin levels in PHPT patients as bone damage markers and indicators of surgical treatment success. Results showed differences in bone markers between PHPT patients and controls, with normalization of markers post-surgery indicating treatment success. Further research is needed to determine the utility of FGF-23 and Klotho in monitoring PHPT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Toshimi Michigami, Kanako Tachikawa, Miwa Yamazaki, Tatsuro Nakanishi, Masanobu Kawai, Keiichi Ozono
Summary: Serum inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels are higher in children, and the increase is associated with the down-regulation of genes related to bone mineralization.
Article
Cell Biology
Jana Alber, Michael Foeller
Summary: FGF23, primarily produced by bone cells, plays a significant role in phosphate and vitamin D metabolism with its concentration rising early in kidney and cardiovascular diseases. Lactic acid induces FGF23 production, potentially leading to a surge in plasma FGF23 during lactic acidosis.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ludmila Yu Milovanova, Marina Taranova, Svetlana Yu Milovanova, Lidia Kozlovskaya (Lysenko), Anastasia Pasechnik, Vasiliy V. Kozlov, Vladimir D. Beketov, Alexey V. Volkov, Mikhail Ratanov
Summary: In CKD patients without clinical manifestation of CVD, increased serum FGF-23 levels and decreased Klotho levels are associated with CVR. FGF-23 is related to eccentric LVH, while Klotho determines concentric LVH, PWV, and CCS.
INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Jose Alberto Navarro-Garcia, Laura Gonzalez-Lafuente, Maria Fernandez-Velasco, Luis M. Ruilope, Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
Summary: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex disorder involving a close relationship between cardiovascular and renal diseases, possibly due to common risk factors. Recent studies have focused on mineral bone disorders as a link between kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes, with factors like FGF-23 and Klotho playing key roles in this connection.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuichi Takashi, Yasutaka Maeda, Kyoko Toyokawa, Naoki Oda, Rie Yoshioka, Dan Sekiguchi, Masae Minami, Daiji Kawanami
Summary: This study found that FGF23 is inversely associated with eGFR in patients with T1D, but not with UACR. This suggests that FGF23 may be associated with the decline in kidney function in patients with T1D.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Corinne E. Metzger, Josephina Rau, Alexander Stefanov, Rose M. Joseph, Heather C. M. Allaway, Matthew R. Allen, Michelle A. Hook
Summary: Spinal cord injury leads to significant loss of bone, and age and inflammaging can affect skeletal health after SCI. Age and sex also influence bone turnover and serum cytokines. Further research is needed to explore mechanisms and potential therapeutics in different demographics.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John G. Damrath, Corinne E. Metzger, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Diabetes and chronic kidney disease can have detrimental effects on bone health, especially when both conditions are present. They can lead to decreased bone turnover, decreased trabecular bone volume, and lowered bone density. The combined effects of both diseases are even more severe.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel K. Surowiec, Elizabeth A. Swallow, Stuart J. Warden, Matthew R. Allen
Summary: This study describes a technique to evaluate individual cortical pore dynamics in aging females over one year using HR-pQCT imaging and determines whether formation and expansion of pores would exceed contraction and infilling of pores.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Corinne E. Metzger, Christopher L. Newman, Samantha P. Tippen, Natalie T. Golemme, Neal X. Chen, Sharon M. Moe, Matthew R. Allen
Summary: Cortical porosity develops in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and varies across different skeletal sites. Higher porosity is seen in flat and irregular bones compared to long bones, as well as in non-weightbearing bones compared to weightbearing bones. There is significant heterogeneity in porosity within skeletal sites and varying correlations between different skeletal sites. These findings highlight the importance of careful site selection in assessing porosity in pre-clinical studies and the potential for fractures at multiple skeletal sites in patients with CKD.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sotirios Tetradis, Matthew R. Allen, Salvatore L. Ruggiero
Summary: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse effect of antiresorptive medications. The etiology, pathophysiology, and progression of MRONJ remain largely unknown, and current treatment strategies are mostly empirical. This minireview aims to highlight key findings and propose a unifying model for the pathogenesis and progression of MRONJ, as well as identify areas for future research efforts.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Erin P. Shields, Jonathan D. Krug, William R. Roberson, Stephen R. Jackson, Marci G. Smeltz, Matthew R. Allen, R. Preston Burnette, John T. Nash, Larry Virtaranta, William Preston, Hannah K. Liberatore, M. Ariel Geer Wallace, Jeffrey V. Ryan, Peter H. Kariher, Paul M. Lemieux, William P. Linak
Summary: The destruction of PFAS is crucial for remediating contaminated matrices, but relying solely on DE or DRE to determine their destruction may not fully mineralize PFAS and could result in the release of remaining fluorocarbon portions. The formation of products of incomplete combustion (PICs), including greenhouse gases and potentially hazardous substances, further highlights the need for additional characterization.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher L. Newman, Rachel K. Surowiec, Elizabeth A. Swallow, Corinne E. Metzger, Jieun Kim, Andrew A. Tomaschke, Neal X. Chen, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace, Sharon M. Moe, Yu -Chien Wu, Paul J. Niziolek
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of hip fractures due to cortical porosity. Current assessment methods have limitations. Ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) may provide an alternative evaluation of cortical porosity. This study aimed to determine if UTE-MRI can detect porosity changes in a rat model of CKD.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel K. Surowiec, Rosario Saldivar, Ratan K. Rai, Corinne E. Metzger, Andrea M. Jacobson, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: The study found that Raloxifene (RAL) and synthetic salmon calcitonin (CAL) can improve bone hydration through non-cell mediated mechanisms, reducing fracture risk, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. This finding provides a new treatment approach for improving osteoporosis and reducing fracture risk in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel K. Surowiec, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Water in bone plays an important role in its mechanical properties and tissue quality. Different compartments of water in bone have different effects. Current research focuses on understanding the changes in bone water under various conditions and improving mechanical properties through therapeutic targeting of water.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Serra Ucer Ozgurel, Elizabeth A. Swallow, Corinne E. Metzger, Matthew R. Allen
Summary: This study investigates the changes in bone perfusion and its relationship with changes in bone mass in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. The results show that femoral blood flow and VEGF-A expression in the cortical bone shafts are lower in type 1 diabetic mice compared to healthy controls, consistent with changes in bone mass. These findings suggest a possible association between reduced skeletal perfusion and reduced bone mass in the context of type 1 diabetes.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth A. Swallow, Corinne E. Metzger, Neal X. Chen, Joseph M. Wallace, Samantha P. Tippen, Rachel Kohler, Sharon M. Moe, Matthew R. Allen
Summary: This study assessed the impact of different bisphosphonates and dosing regimens on cortical microstructure and bone mechanical properties in animal models of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that a single dose of zoledronate led to higher cortical porosity, while more frequent dosing of bisphosphonates had minimal effect on cortical bone microstructure.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Serra Ucer Ozgurel, Elizabeth A. Swallow, Spencer Sacks, Corinne E. Metzger, Teresita Bellido, Matthew R. Allen
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel K. Surowiec, Ratan K. Rai, John G. Damrath, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth A. Swallow, Corinne E. Metzger, Samantha P. Tippen, Rachel Kohler, Joseph M. Wallace, Matthew R. Allen
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John G. Damrath, Neal X. Chen, Corinne E. Metzger, Shruthi Srinivasan, Kalisha O'Neill, Annabel Biruete, Keith G. Avin, Joseph M. Wallace, Matthew R. Allen, Sharon M. Moe
Summary: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) increases cardiovascular calcification and skeletal fragility. Treatments aimed at reducing oxidative stress and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels can help prevent these complications.