Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuan Ma, Jinzhao Zhang, Shengyu Wang, Yaming Li, Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim, Xin Diao
Summary: In this study, the ameliorative effect of paclobutrazol against chronic cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats was assessed. Results showed that paclobutrazol increased body weight, improved respiratory function, and decreased inflammation in rats exposed to secondhand smoke.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Grzegorz Sobieszek, Tomasz Powrozek, Aneta Skwarek-Dziekanowska, Teresa Malecka-Massalska
Summary: The TT genotype of TNFRSF1A is associated with a higher risk of cachexia in CHF patients, characterized by weight loss and muscle wasting. Patients with the TT genotype have lower albumin concentration, poorer cardiac function parameters, and higher risk for cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Darshika Amarakoon, Zhiyuan Lou, Wu-Joo Lee, Dmitriy Smolensky, Seong-Ho Lee
Summary: Sorghum is a widely cultivated crop used in food, animal feed, alcohol, and biofuels, with components associated with the prevention of chronic diseases. Further studies are needed to elucidate the biological mechanisms to utilize sorghum for potential prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ikuko Okuni, Yuta Otsubo, Satoru Ebihara
Summary: Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, but survival rates have improved significantly. Taste and smell disorders may contribute to swallowing difficulties in cancer patients, necessitating a multifaceted approach from the medical care team due to the complexity of factors involved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jason Sadek, Derek T. Hall, Bianca Colalillo, Amr Omer, Anne-Marie K. Tremblay, Virginie Sanguin-Gendreau, William Muller, Sergio Di Marco, Marco Emilio Bianchi, Imed-Eddine Gallouzi
Summary: The study reveals that iNOS induces muscle wasting in cachexia by disrupting mitochondrial function and energy production processes. Clinically tested iNOS inhibitor GW274150 shows protective effects against muscle wasting in septic and cancer cachexia models.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Parisi, Roberta Milazzo, Valeria M. Savasi, Irene Cetin
Summary: Overweight and obesity during pregnancy can lead to increased birth weight, childhood obesity, and noncommunicable diseases in the offspring, perpetuating metabolic derangements across generations. The key components in intrauterine developmental programming are still to be identified, and inflammation may induce intrauterine derangements with a threshold effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Haiming L. Kerr, Kora Krumm, Ian (In-gi) Lee, Barbara Anderson, Anthony Christiani, Lena Strait, Beatrice A. Breckheimer, Brynn Irwin, Alice (Siyi) Jiang, Artur Rybachok, Amanda Chen, Lucas Caeiro, Elizabeth Dacek, Daniel B. Hall, Caroline H. Kostyla, Laura M. Hales, Tarik M. Soliman, Jose M. Garcia
Summary: In this study, the effects and mechanisms of action of EXT418 on lung cancer-induced cachexia in mice were evaluated. EXT418 was found to attenuate cachexia by reducing skeletal muscle inflammation, proteolysis, and mitophagy, independently of tumor mass and partially independent of food intake.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gregory Livshits, Alexander Kalinkovich
Summary: The increase in lifespan and proportion of older adults has resulted in a rise in age-associated chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia and obesity. Sestrins, a family of proteins, play a crucial role in cellular adaption to stress and have shown potential in treating sarcopenia and obesity in pre-clinical models. Activation of sestrins can eliminate senescent cells and resolve inflammation. Therefore, sestrin activation, inflammation resolution, and senescent cell elimination may be a novel treatment strategy for age-associated sarcopenia and obesity.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abdul G. Dulloo
Summary: The Biology of Human Starvation, published in 1950, has been a significant scientific reference for understanding the impact of long-term food deprivation on human physiology and behavior. The book has guided the development of famine and relief programs, explored the effects of food deprivation on eating disorders, and provided insights into metabolic adaptations that influence obesity therapy and cachexia rehabilitation. The application of a systems approach to the book's data has revealed important control systems governing body composition regulation during weight regain.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fredzzia Graterol Torres, Maria Molina, Jordi Soler-Majoral, Gregorio Romero-Gonzalez, Nestor Rodriguez Chitiva, Maribel Troya-Saborido, Guillem Socias Rullan, Elena Burgos, Javier Paul Martinez, Marina Urrutia Jou, Carles Canameras, Josep Riera Sadurni, Anna Vila, Jordi Bover
Summary: Despite advancements in patient care and treatment for chronic kidney disease (CKD), the incidence of malnutrition disorders in CKD has remained unchanged. The increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to a proinflammatory environment in CKD patients, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Nutritional-inflammatory biomarkers have been explored as predictors of malnutrition, but further standardization is needed.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui, Ramesh Pothuraju, Parvez Khan, Gunjan Sharma, Sakthivel Muniyan, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu, Maneesh Jain, Mohd Wasim Nasser, Surinder Kumar Batra
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 or macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (GDF15/MIC-1) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and has diverse pathophysiological roles in cancers, cardiometabolic disorders, and other diseases. Its role in cancer development and progression is complicated and depends on the specific cancer type and stage, and its mechanisms are related to its receptor GFRAL.
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
He Li, Ya Meng, Shuwang He, Xiaochuan Tan, Yujia Zhang, Xiuli Zhang, Lulu Wang, Wensheng Zheng
Summary: The relationship between obesity and inflammation plays a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes. Macrophages play a crucial role in obesity-induced insulin resistance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcin Mazurek, Radoslaw Mlak, Agata Kot, Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah, Teresa Malecka-Massalska
Summary: The research suggests that HPV infection may increase the risk of malnutrition, significant weight loss, and the need for gastrostomy in head and neck cancer patients. However, the data on the influence of HPV infection on the occurrence and severity of nutritional disorders in HNC patients is still limited and inconclusive.
Article
Cell Biology
Sonia Kiran, Ahmed Rakib, Sunitha Kodidela, Santosh Kumar, Udai P. Singh
Summary: This study explores how a high-fat diet alters the immune response in adipose tissue and influences inflammation during obesity. The findings suggest that a high-fat diet increases the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells, while reducing the levels of regulatory T cells, leading to sustained adipose tissue inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shama D. Karanth, Caretia Washington, Ting-Yuan D. Cheng, Daohong Zhou, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Dejana Braithwaite, Dongyu Zhang
Summary: This study explored the associations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older adults with chronic comorbidities. The results showed a positive association between SII and both sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, while the association with CRP was not consistently significant.
Article
Plant Sciences
Davide Gnocchi, Gianluigi Cesari, Generosa Jenny Calabrese, Roberto Capone, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Mazzocca
PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosa Lippolis, Davide Gnocchi, Luigi Santacroce, Rosa Anna Siciliano, Maria Fiorella Mazzeo, Salvatore Scacco, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Mazzocca
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Michele Barone, Alfredo Di Leo, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Mazzocca
Article
Oncology
Matteo Lulli, Laura Del Coco, Tommaso Mello, Caecilia Sukowati, Stefania Madiai, Laura Gragnani, Paolo Forte, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Antonio Mazzocca, Krista Rombouts, Andrea Galli, Vinicio Carloni
Summary: This study reveals that CHK2, a central effector of DNA damage response, regulates cellular energy production by affecting glycolysis and mitochondrial functions. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) showed increased CHK2 mRNA levels in blood, which correlated with elevated TCA metabolites, indicating the role of CHK2 in controlling mitochondrial functions.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Davide Gnocchi, Maria M. Cavalluzzi, Giuseppe F. Mangiatordi, Rosanna Rizzi, Cosimo Tortorella, Mauro Spennacchio, Giovanni Lentini, Angela Altomare, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: Novel XAA derivatives were synthesized and characterized, showing improved inhibitory effects on HCC growth by increasing alkyl group length. Experimental results indicated that compound MC11 exhibited the strongest anti-HCC activity among the derivatives.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
A. Daniele, A. Guarini, S. De Summa, M. Dellino, G. Lerario, S. Ciavarella, P. Ditonno, A. V. Paradiso, R. Divella, P. Casamassima, E. Savino, M. D. Carbonara, C. Minoia
Summary: Unhealthy lifestyles and changes in body composition among non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia. Early nutritional intervention, along with adequate physical activity and healthier lifestyle, should be recommended during follow-up to reduce the risk of MetSyn onset and associated diseases in the long term.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Gnocchi, Agata Kurzyk, Antonella Mintrone, Giovanni Lentini, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly threatening tumor, and the current pharmacological treatments for HCC rely on protein kinase inhibitors. However, these approaches often result in side effects and drug resistance. This study reveals that LPAR6-mediated metabolic mechanism contributes to sorafenib resistance in HCC and proposes a pharmacological approach to overcome it.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Gnocchi, Carlo Sabb, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: After decades of research on tumour genetics, the importance of metabolism in tumour biology is being emphasized again. Cancer cells undergo metabolic rewiring, switching from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to lactic acid fermentation, known as the Warburg effect. However, the role of this metabolic transition in cancer drug resistance remains unclear.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vinicio Carloni, Elisa Morganti, Andrea Galli, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: Variation in chromosome structure is a major indicator of chromosomal instability, causing DNA damage and activating the DNA damage response. Cancer cells can use these mechanisms as an evolutionary mechanism to develop new functional assets under therapeutic pressure. Understanding the vulnerabilities in DNA damage response, chromatin changes, and inflammation can help predict treatment response and prevent the emergence of therapy resistant tumors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Gnocchi, Carlo Sabba, Mara Massimi, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: Despite the decrease in chronic hepatitis infections, hepatocellular carcinoma remains a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide, largely due to the rise in metabolic diseases. Current aggressive protein kinase inhibitor therapies in HCC are not curative, thus a shift towards metabolic therapies may offer a promising option.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Gnocchi, Marta B. Afonso, Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi, Giovanni Lentini, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Carlo Sabba, Cecilia M. P. Rodrigues, Antonio Mazzocca
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a concerning and increasingly prevalent tumor. Traditional pharmacological approaches have limitations and side effects, necessitating the development of new molecules. This study shows that LPAR6 plays a role in CDAA diet-induced HCC in mice, and XAA can counteract diet-induced effects on liver health. These findings are supported by experiments in HCC cells with altered LPAR6 function.
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosa Divella, Graziella Marino, Stefania Infusino, Laura Lanotte, Gaia Gadaleta-Caldarola, Gennaro Gadaleta-Caldarola
Summary: A healthy diet and regular physical activity are effective ways to prevent and manage diseases, including cancer. Maintaining a normal body weight through exercise helps to avoid the risk of cancer. Regular physical activity not only helps maintain a normal body weight, but also strengthens the immune system and prevents cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The combination of a healthy diet and exercise can improve the expectations and quality of life of cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Antonella Daniele, Angelo Virgilio Paradiso, Rosa Divella, Maria Digennaro, Margherita Patruno, Stefania Tommasi, Brunella Pilato, Antonio Tufaro, Michele Barone, Carla Minoia, Donatella Colangelo, Eufemia Savino, Porzia Casamassima, Eleonora Bruno, Andreina Oliverio, Patrizia Pasanisi
CANCER GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2020)
