Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Melissa B. Harrell, Dale S. Mantey, Baojiang Chen, Steven H. Kelder, Jessica Barrington-Trimis
Summary: This study examined and compared trends in past 30-day cigarette smoking among US adolescents from 2002 to 2019, before and after the onset of the e-cigarette era in 2014. The findings suggest that the rate of decline in cigarette smoking prevalence among adolescents slowed down after the introduction of e-cigarettes in 2014, indicating a possible gateway effect between smoking and e-cigarette use at a population level.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Arielle Selya, Saul Shiffman
Summary: The study found that smokers who perceive JUUL as less harmful than cigarettes are more likely to switch to using JUUL. This association was even stronger among heavier smokers who smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day. Future research should investigate whether messaging aligning comparative risk perceptions with current evidence can facilitate switching, especially among heavier smokers.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nancy C. Jao, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Brian Hitsman, Mehmet Sofuoglu
Summary: The study on the cognitive effects of menthol and nicotine among cigarette smokers showed that there were no significant differences between menthol and nonmenthol smokers in cognitive task performance, but high nicotine dose significantly improved accuracy in the Stroop task, and low menthol showed better performance in the Stroop task. Further research on the impact of different levels of menthol and nicotine in nicotine products may provide more insights into the role of menthol in smoking behavior.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Ailsa R. Butler, Annika Theodoulou, Igho J. Onakpoya, Peter Hajek, Chris Bullen, Nancy A. Rigotti, Nicola Lindson
Summary: This study compares biomarkers of potential harm among different groups of individuals based on their behavior in electronic cigarette intervention studies. The findings suggest that switching from smoking to vaping or dual use can significantly reduce levels of biomarkers of potential harm.
Article
Neurosciences
Alaa Alharthi, Fawaz Alasmari, Shakir D. Alsharari, Nouf M. Alrasheed, Musaad A. Alshammari, Tahani K. Alshammari
Summary: This study examined the effects of first-trimester prenatal exposure to e-cigarettes on behavior and molecular levels. The findings revealed that adolescents exposed to e-cigarettes exhibited abnormal behavior, reduced cognitive capacity, and self-administration of nicotine. This suggests that prenatal exposure to e-cigarettes may increase the risk of nicotine addiction during adolescence.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yael Bar-Zeev
Summary: Although electronic cigarettes may be a better option for pregnant women to quit smoking compared to nicotine replacement therapy, concerns about low cessation rates and unknown long-term harm hinder enthusiasm.
Article
Substance Abuse
Konstantinos Farsalinos, Anastasia Barbouni, Raymond Niaura
Summary: Analysis of data from 2017 to 2018 shows an increase in e-cigarette use among US adolescents, especially among frequent smokers. Nearly half of frequent e-cigarette users reported ever marijuana use with e-cigarettes.
Article
Pediatrics
Janet Audrain-McGovern, Daniel Rodriguez, Stephen Pianin, Shannon Testa
Summary: The study identified four different developmental pathways among adolescents: some adolescents start using e-cigarettes with a delay but quickly, some adolescents use e-cigarettes steadily from the beginning, some adolescents use both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes, and some adolescents do not use e-cigarettes or traditional cigarettes. The findings also revealed that adolescents who were dual users had a greater number and severity of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette risk factors.
Review
Psychiatry
Paul Vanderkam, Audrey Bonneau, Sherazade Kinouani, Palina Dzeraviashka, Philippe Castera, Marc Besnier, Philippe Binder, Nicolas Doux, Nematollah Jaafari, Claire Lafay-Chebassier
Summary: This meta-analysis demonstrates the duration of effectiveness of nicotine electronic cigarettes compared to non-nicotine electronic cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in smoking cessation and reduction. Nicotine electronic cigarettes are more effective than NRT in smoking cessation and reduction, but there are uncertainties about the risks of its long-term use and its potential role in smoking, particularly among young people.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jennifer L. Pearson, Yitong Zhou, Sabrina L. Smiley, Leslie F. Rubin, Emily Harvey, Brandon Koch, Raymond Niaura, David B. Abrams
Summary: Providing e-cigarettes to smokers who did not intend to quit reduced their cigarette smoking when using the e-cigarette more frequently, but this effect did not hold for menthol smokers. Older smokers and those who started smoking at a younger age rated e-cigarettes as less satisfying. Participants with higher satisfaction levels were more likely to continue using e-cigarettes at the 30-day follow-up.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cassidy M. White, Katelyn M. Tessier, Joseph S. Koopmeiners, Rachel L. Denlinger-Apte, Caroline O. Cobb, Tonya Lane, Claudia L. Campos, John G. Spangler, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Andrew A. Strasser, Eric C. Donny
Summary: This study suggests that the reinforcing characteristics of e-cigarettes can moderate the impact of reducing cigarette nicotine content. The reduction in cigarette nicotine content has a larger effect when combined with moderate nicotine e-liquid and all flavors of e-liquid, rather than low nicotine e-liquid and tobacco flavors.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paul Morris, Simon McDermott, Fiona Chapman, Thomas Verron, Xavier Cahours, Matthew Stevenson, Joseph Thompson, Nveed Chaudhary, Grant O'Connell
Summary: This study confirms that exclusive use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can substantially reduce smokers' exposure to harmful constituents while providing satisfying levels of nicotine delivery. For adult smokers unwilling or uninterested in quitting smoking, ENDS may be an important tool in reducing smoking-related harm.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ginnie Ng, Sophia Attwells, Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo
Summary: The study found that the use of non-nicotinic e-cigarettes, with or without nicotine, can reduce cigarette cravings in dependent daily smokers, especially after exposure to smoking cues. This suggests that behavioral simulation of smoking, with or without nicotine, may be effective in reducing nicotine craving and potentially aiding in smoking reduction or cessation.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elias M. Klemperer, Janice Y. Bunn, Amanda M. Palmer, Tracy T. Smith, Benjamin A. Toll, K. Michael Cummings, Matthew J. Carpenter
Summary: This study found that quitting electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is not associated with quitting combustible tobacco products (CTPs) among current smokers, but there is a possible risk of relapse to smoking associated with quitting ENDS among former smokers.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saul Shiffman, Michael J. Hannon
Summary: Some smokers switch to e-cigarettes for smoking cessation, but it is recommended to try approved medications first. This study analyzed the switching behavior of adult smokers using JUUL, based on their quit attempts and use of smoking cessation medications. The results showed that making a quit attempt and using nicotine replacement therapy were associated with higher odds of switching to e-cigarettes.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jinshuo Li, Peter Hajek, Francesca Pesola, Qi Wu, Anna Phillips-Waller, Dunja Przulj, Katie Myers Smith, Natalie Bisal, Peter Sasieni, Lynne Dawkins, Louise Ross, Maciej Lukasz Goniewicz, Hayden McRobbie, Steve Parrott
Article
Substance Abuse
Connor R. Miller, Danielle M. Smith, Maciej L. Goniewicz
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2020)
Article
Substance Abuse
Danielle M. Smith, Connor Miller, Richard J. O'Connor, Lynn T. Kozlowski, Elle Wadsworth, Brian Fix, R. Lorraine Collins, Binnian Wei, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Andrew J. Hyland, David Hammond
Summary: The study found that nicotine use is common among cannabis users and is associated with the modes of delivery for cannabis. Co-users exhibited behavioral and demographic differences compared to exclusive users. Smoking cannabis without tobacco was the most popular form of use.
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Hayden McRobbie, Veronica C. Boland, Ryan J. Courtney
Article
Substance Abuse
Hayden McRobbie, Benjamin Kwan
Summary: Tobacco smoking has detrimental effects on the respiratory system, while smoking cessation can prevent and manage respiratory diseases. However, the offer of cessation support by clinicians and uptake by patients remain limited.
Article
Substance Abuse
Katie Myers Smith, Anna Phillips-Waller, Francesca Pesola, Hayden McRobbie, Dunja Przulj, Marzena Orzol, Peter Hajek
Summary: In a randomized controlled trial, e-cigarettes were found to be more effective than nicotine replacement therapy in helping smokers reduce smoking and achieve sustained abstinence, especially in those who had previously failed to quit through conventional methods. The study showed that e-cigarettes had higher rates of validated smoking reduction and abstinence at 6 months compared to the nicotine replacement therapy group, with minimal adverse events reported in both groups.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ryan J. Courtney, Hayden McRobbie, Piotr Tutka, Natasha A. Weaver, Dennis Petrie, Colin P. Mendelsohn, Anthony Shakeshaft, Saki Talukder, Christel Macdonald, Dennis Thomas, Benjamin C. H. Kwan, Natalie Walker, Coral Gartner, Richard P. Mattick, Christine Paul, Stuart G. Ferguson, Nicholas A. Zwar, Robyn L. Richmond, Christopher M. Doran, Veronica C. Boland, Wayne Hall, Robert West, Michael Farrell
Summary: This study compared standard cytisine treatment (25 days) with standard varenicline treatment (84 days) for smoking cessation among Australian adult daily smokers willing to make a quit attempt. The findings failed to demonstrate noninferiority of cytisine compared with varenicline regarding smoking cessation.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katharine Bowker, Sarah Lewis, Michael Ussher, Felix Naughton, Lucy Phillips, Tim Coleman, Sophie Orton, Hayden McRobbie, Linda Bauld, Sue Cooper
Summary: The prevalence of vaping during pregnancy and the postpartum period ranges from 15.9% to 23.1%, with the majority being dual users. The vaping habits of exclusive vapers remain stable throughout pregnancy and the postpartum, while the habits of dual users vary, with a third exclusively smoking in the postpartum.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Hajek, Dunja Przulj, Francesca Pesola, Hayden McRobbie, Sarrah Peerbux, Anna Phillips-Waller, Natalie Bisal, Katie Myers Smith
Summary: The study found that the 5:2 diet and standard multicomponent weight management advice yielded similar weight loss results, with the 5:2 diet not undermining other health behaviors and receiving more positive ratings. Additionally, adding initial group support enhanced adherence and effects of the 5:2 diet.
Review
Substance Abuse
Saki Rubaiya Talukder, Julia M. Lappin, Veronica Boland, Hayden McRobbie, Ryan James Courtney
Summary: Smokers with mental health disorders are under-represented in clinical trials evaluating smoking cessation medications, emphasizing the need to increase their participation to address accessibility issues for this vulnerable population.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter Hajek, Dunja Przulj, Francesca Pesola, Chris Griffiths, Robert Walton, Hayden McRobbie, Tim Coleman, Sarah Lewis, Rachel Whitemore, Miranda Clark, Michael Ussher, Lesley Sinclair, Emily Seager, Sue Cooper, Linda Bauld, Felix Naughton, Peter Sasieni, Isaac Manyonda, Katie Myers Smith
Summary: A randomized controlled trial comparing electronic cigarettes and nicotine patches for smoking cessation in pregnant women found no significant differences between the two interventions. However, when analyzing the data from pregnant women who strictly followed the trial protocol, electronic cigarettes were found to be beneficial.
Article
Substance Abuse
Kuang-Chieh Hsueh, Pei-Ling Tang, Hayden McRobbie
Summary: The study found that smokers using varenicline had significantly higher sustained abstinence rates at weeks 12-52 compared to those using cNRT in a smoking cessation clinic where smokers can choose their medication option.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Sharon Cox, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Leon Kosmider, Hayden McRobbie, Catherine Kimber, Lynne Dawkins
Summary: The study found that vapers compensate for low nicotine delivery by taking longer puffs under fixed power conditions, and this compensatory behavior remains stable when power settings are adjustable.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Sabrina Kastaun, Verena Leve, Jaqueline Hildebrandt, Christian Funke, Stephanie Klosterhalfen, Diana Lubisch, Olaf Reddemann, Hayden McRobbie, Tobias Raupach, Robert West, Stefan Wilm, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Daniel Kotz
Summary: This study found that a single session of training in stop-smoking advice led to a three-fold increase in rates of advice giving and a seven-fold increase in offer of support. Delivery of stop-smoking advice may be higher in the ABC group during routine consultations.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Hayden McRobbie, Nicola Lindson, Chris Bullen, Rachna Begh, Annika Theodoulou, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A. Rigotti, Tari Turner, Ailsa R. Butler, Thomas R. Fanshawe, Peter Hajek
Summary: Studies have shown that e-cigarettes containing nicotine are more effective in helping smokers quit compared to those without nicotine and nicotine replacement therapy. However, the conclusion regarding safety is uncertain, and more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness and risks of e-cigarettes.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)