Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markos Klonizakis, Anil Gumber, Emma McIntosh, Leonie S. Brose
Summary: In this study, the medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects of using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation were compared. The results showed that smokers attempting to quit experienced positive cardiovascular impact after both a 3- and 6-month period, and none of the groups (i.e., nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-cigarettes or NRT) offered superior cardiovascular benefits to the others.
Article
Substance Abuse
Harry Tattan-Birch, Loren Kock, Jamie Brown, Emma Beard, Linda Bauld, Robert West, Lion Shahab
Summary: Preliminary evidence suggests that offering e-cigarettes alongside varenicline may be more effective for smoking cessation than varenicline alone in individuals receiving behavioral support. However, more evidence is needed to confirm the findings due to the limited sample size.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Markos Klonizakis, Anil Gumber, Emma McIntosh, Leonie S. Brose
Summary: This study found that smokers who quit using e-cigarettes with nicotine, e-cigarettes without nicotine, or NRT all showed significant improvements in cardiovascular effects after 3 days, with no significant differences between the groups.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jean-Francois Etter, Yasser Khazaal
Summary: In this study, it was found that the Stop-tabac smoking cessation app did not increase smoking cessation rates, but it did increase rates of use of nicotine medications. The participants using the Stop-tabac application had a slightly lower smoking cessation rate compared to the control group after 6 months, but more of them reported that the app helped them quit smoking.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei-Hung Chan, Ching-Huang Lai, Shu-Jia Huang, Chung-Chi Huang, Chung-Yu Lai, Yi-Chun Liu, Shiang-Huei Jiang, Shan-Ru Li, Ya-Mei Tzeng, Senyeong Kao, Yu-Tien Chang, Chia-Chao Wu, Chao-Yin Kuo, Kuang-Chen Hung, Yu-Lung Chiu
Summary: This study evaluated smoking rates in the military through questionnaire surveying and verified self-reported smoking behavior using urine cotinine concentration testing. It also analyzed the impact of second-hand smoking on urine cotinine concentrations. The results showed an overall underestimation of 7.0% in self-reported smoking behavior, highlighting the need for routine biochemical testing for accurate assessment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jamie E. Spahn, Salomon A. Stavchansky, Zhengrong Cui
Summary: Electronic cigarettes, marketed as smoking cessation devices, have raised concerns over safety due to their rapid adoption and lack of regulation. More research is needed on these devices and nicotine solutions, given the current lack of regulation in the market.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Neily Zakiyah, Febby Purwadi, Widya N. Insani, Rizky Abdulah, Irma M. Puspitasari, Melisa Barliana, Ronny Lesmana, Amaliya Amaliya, Auliya A. Suwantika
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the effectiveness and safety of alternative tobacco and nicotine products in reducing smoking and aiding smoking cessation. The findings suggest that EC, snus, and NRT can moderately reduce daily cigarette consumption and assist smoking cessation with fewer adverse events. Further research is needed to investigate long-term outcomes, safety, and effectiveness of these products to inform smoking reduction and cessation policies.
JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTHCARE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ailsa R. Butler, Nicola Lindson, Thomas R. Fanshawe, Annika Theodoulou, Rachna Begh, Peter Hajek, Hayden McRobbie, Chris Bullen, Caitlin Notley, Nancy A. Rigotti, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Summary: Moderate certainty evidence suggests that nicotine electronic cigarettes can be used to quit smoking combustible cigarettes. However, the duration of e-cigarette use after smoking cessation attempts remains uncertain. This study analyzed data from 19 studies and found that 54% of individuals assigned to e-cigarette conditions continued using e-cigarettes at 6 months or longer. Among those who successfully quit smoking, 70% were still using e-cigarettes at six months or longer.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jeremy E. Drehmer, Man Luo, Emara Nabi-Burza, Bethany Hipple Walters, Jonathan P. Winickoff
Summary: The study found that light and very light smokers were more likely to have made a recent quit attempt, but less likely to have used cessation medication. The CEASE intervention increased assistance to light and very light smokers, but heavier smokers received more assistance than light smokers. Improving cessation interventions for light and very light smokers is necessary.
ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elias M. Klemperer, Janice Y. Bunn, Amanda M. Palmer, Tracy T. Smith, Benjamin A. Toll, K. Michael Cummings, Matthew J. Carpenter
Summary: This study found that quitting electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is not associated with quitting combustible tobacco products (CTPs) among current smokers, but there is a possible risk of relapse to smoking associated with quitting ENDS among former smokers.
Article
Substance Abuse
Billie Bonevski, Victoria Manning, Olivia Wynne, Coral Gartner, Ron Borland, Amanda L. Baker, Catherine J. Segan, Eliza Skelton, Lyndell Moore, Ramez Bathish, Simon Chiu, Ashleigh Guillaumier, Dan Lubman
Summary: The QuitNic pilot trial aimed to evaluate the feasibility of providing a nicotine vaping product or nicotine replacement therapy to smokers after residential substance use disorder treatment. Both groups showed high acceptability for the treatments, but the quit rates at 12 weeks were relatively low. Both groups experienced significant reductions in cravings and withdrawal symptoms at 12 weeks.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Coral X. Giovacchini, Laura E. Crotty Alexander, Loretta G. Que
Summary: Electronic cigarettes have gained popularity among smokers and nonsmokers due to their attractive product designs, various flavors, lack of smoke and odor, and high nicotine concentrations. However, limited evidence supports the safety of e-cigarettes, and there are emerging adverse effects on lung health and potential public health impacts on the new generation of tobacco product users. Overall, the negative effects of e-cigarette use seem to outweigh any potential benefit.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qingsheng Wang, Runjing Dai, Hailiang Zhang, Xiaomei Jiang, Xiaojing Ma, Xiangrong Zhang, Shisan Bao, Dong Ren, Jingchun Fan
Summary: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and/or nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be conducted, recruiting 96 participants who are willing to quit smoking. The participants will be divided into four groups for different intervention modalities and followed up for assessment.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
John A. Cunningham, Vladyslav Kushnir, Peter Selby, Laurie Zawertailo, Rachel F. Tyndale, Scott T. Leatherdale, Alexandra Godinho, Christina Schell
Summary: This secondary analysis of a randomized trial of mailed nicotine patches found that purchasing additional NRT was not associated with long-term success in tobacco cessation. Current smokers continue to show interest in NRT for quitting smoking.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sarah D. Hohl, Richard S. Matulewicz, Ramzi G. Salloum, Jamie S. Ostroff, Timothy B. Baker, Robert Schnoll, Graham Warren, Steven L. Bernstein, Mara Minion, Katie Lenhoff, Neely Dahl, Hee Soon Juon, Ursula Tsosie, Linda Fleisher, Heather D'Angelo, Alex T. Ramsey, Kimlin T. Ashing, Betsy Rolland, Margaret B. Nolan, Jennifer E. Bird, Claire V. T. Nguyen, Danielle Pauk, Robert T. Adsit, Hilary A. Tindle, Kimberly Shoenbill, Sophia Yeung, Cary A. Presant, Kara P. Wiseman, Kuang-Yi Wen, Lou-Anne Chichester, Li-Shiun Chen
Summary: The C3I program found that implementing comprehensive tobacco treatment programs and improving the staff-to-patient ratio can increase the reach of cessation treatment. Strengthening the tobacco treatment team and providing more resources can improve the effectiveness of smoking cessation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Saki Rubaiya Talukder, Julia M. Lappin, Veronica Boland, Hayden McRobbie, Ryan James Courtney
Summary: Smokers with mental health disorders are under-represented in clinical trials evaluating smoking cessation medications, emphasizing the need to increase their participation to address accessibility issues for this vulnerable population.
Article
Substance Abuse
Sharon Cox, Harry Tattan-Birch, Sarah E. Jackson, Lynne Dawkins, Jamie Brown, Lion Shahab
Summary: During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, there were no significant differences in smoking reduction and quit attempts between smokers who reported having had COVID-19 and those who did not. Motivation to stop smoking was also similar between the two groups.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Barry Wright, Lucy Tindall, Alexander J. Scott, Ellen Lee, Cindy Cooper, Katie Biggs, Penny Bee, Han- Wang, Lina Gega, Emily Hayward, Kiera Solaiman, M. Dawn Teare, Thompson Davis, Jon Wilson, Karina Lovell, Dean McMillan, Amy Barr, Hannah Edwards, Jennifer Lomas, Chris Turtle, Steve Parrott, Catarina Teige, Tim Chater, Rebecca Hargate, Shezhad Ali, Sarah Parkinson, Simon Gilbody, David Marshall
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of One Session Treatment (OST) with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for treating specific phobias in children and young people. The results showed that OST is non-inferior to CBT in terms of clinical effectiveness. OST may be a cost-saving alternative for treating specific phobias in children and young people.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Milena Falcaro, Roger B. Newson, Peter Sasieni
Article
Oncology
Oleg Blyuss, Amanda Dibden, Nathalie J. Massat, Dharmishta Parmar, Jack Cuzick, Stephen W. Duffy, Peter Sasieni
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the effect of the NHS Breast Screening Programme in England on breast cancer incidence and overdiagnosis. The results showed that the programme confers at worst modest levels of overdiagnosis.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Barry Wright, Lucy Tindall, Alexander J. Scott, Ellen Lee, Katie Biggs, Cindy Cooper, Penny Bee, Han- Wang, Lina Gega, Emily Hayward, Kiera Solaiman, M. Dawn Teare, Thompson Davis, Karina Lovell, Jon Wilson, Dean McMillan, Amy Barr, Hannah Edwards, Jennifer Lomas, Chris Turtle, Steve Parrott, Catarina Teige, Tim Chater, Rebecca Hargate, Shehzad Ali, Sarah Parkinson, Simon Gilbody, David Marshall
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of one-session treatment with cognitive-behavioural therapy for specific phobias in children and young people. The results showed that one-session treatment is as effective as cognitive-behavioural therapy clinically and is likely to be cost-saving.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Alessia Visconti, Niccolo Rossi, Helena Deris, Karla A. Lee, Maja Hanic, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Andrew M. Thomas, Laura A. Bolte, Johannes R. Bjork, Jahlisa S. Hooiveld-Noeken, Ruth Board, Mark Harland, Julia Newton-Bishop, Mark Harries, Joseph J. Sacco, Paul Lorigan, Heather M. Shaw, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, Rudolf S. N. Fehrmann, Rinse K. Weersma, Tim D. Spector, Paul Nathan, Geke A. P. Hospers, Peter Sasieni, Veronique Bataille, Gordan Lauc, Mario Falchi
Summary: This study identifies novel glyco-markers of response and survival in melanoma patients receiving ICIs, demonstrating the potential for stratification of patients and the design of adjunct therapies.
Article
Oncology
Peter Sasieni, Rebecca Smittenaar, Earl Hubbell, John Broggio, Richard D. Neal, Charles Swanton
Summary: Background screening programmes using blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests can reduce cancer burden through early diagnosis.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Adam R. Brentnall, Chris Mathews, Sandy Beare, Jennifer Ching, Michelle Sleeth, Peter Sasieni
Summary: A computer algorithm was developed to target trial invitations and address healthy volunteer effects and inequity in health research studies. The algorithm sends invitations by sampling from lists generated by the algorithm, with a tilt towards less likely groups to achieve equity, and requires a minimum expected event rate for the primary outcome.
Article
Substance Abuse
Catherine Kimber, Vassilis Sideropoulos, Sharon Cox, Daniel Frings, Felix Naughton, Jamie Brown, Hayden McRobbie, Lynne Dawkins
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different combinations of five e-cigarette-orientated intervention components on smoking cessation. A randomized factorial design was used, with a total of 1214 participants recruited online. The study found that a combination of tailored flavour advice and text message support showed promise as an intervention for smokers attempting to quit using e-cigarettes.
Article
Oncology
Amar S. Ahmad, Judith Offman, Christine Delon, Bernard V. North, Jon Shelton, Peter D. Sasieni
Summary: The study investigated the application of years of life lost (YLL) in routine cancer statistics and found that lung, bowel, and breast cancer contributed the most to YLL. YLL is a useful measure that highlights the impact of cancer deaths on younger individuals.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Harry Hill, Ben Kearns, Nora Pashayan, Cristina Roadevin, Peter Sasieni, Judith Offman, Stephen Duffy
Summary: Risk-stratified breast cancer screening has the potential to be beneficial for women at the population level, but the net health benefit will depend on the particular risk-based strategy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dunja Przulj, Francesca Pesola, Katie Myers Smith, Hayden Mcrobbie, Tim Coleman, Sarah Lewis, Christopher Griffith, Robert Walton, Rachel Whitemore, Miranda Clark, Michael Ussher, Lesley Sinclair, Emily Seager, Sue Cooper, Linda Bauld, Felix Naughton, Peter Sasieni, Isaac Manyonda, Peter Hajek
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness and safety of nicotine patches and e-cigarettes in pregnant smokers. The results showed that e-cigarettes were slightly more effective than nicotine patches in achieving smoking cessation at the end of pregnancy, with no significant differences in adverse birth outcomes.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James W. F. Catto, Bernard North, Megan Goff, Abigail Carter, Michelle Sleeth, Olena Mandrik, Jim Chilcott, Peter Sasieni, Marcus G. K. Cumberbatch
Summary: This study aims to test whether population screening in a region of high mortality risk will lead to a downward stage-migration of aggressive bladder cancer, improved survival, and cost-effectiveness.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vassilis Sideropoulos, Eleni Vangeli, Felix Naughton, Sharon Cox, Daniel Frings, Caitlin Notley, Jamie Brown, Catherine Kimber, Lynne Dawkins
Summary: In this study, we developed and evaluated a set of SMS text messages to assist smokers in quitting by switching to vaping. The messages were co-developed with vapers and smokers, and were found to be useful by a majority of the participants. Researchers are encouraged to further utilize and adapt this set of SMS text messages for different target populations and contexts.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)