Article
Clinical Neurology
Charles Van Liew, Andrew S. Monaghan, Leland E. Dibble, K. Bo Foreman, David P. MacKinnon, Daniel S. Peterson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether improvements in protective stepping observed in people with multiple sclerosis after repeated support surface translations could generalize to a different balance challenge. Using multilevel mediation models, it was found that while there were no mediated effects for margin of stability or step latency, there was mediation for step length, indicating that participants increased step length throughout the treadmill trials and this generalized to tether-release trials.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Shamali Dusane, Rachana Gangwani, Prakruti Patel, Tanvi Bhatt
Summary: People with chronic stroke demonstrate similar gait-slip fall-risk on both paretic and non-paretic side, with differences in recovery strategies and stability. Paretic slip groups exhibit higher slip displacement and velocity, along with increased aborted stepping strategy. These findings suggest tailored balance interventions are needed for reducing fall-risk in individuals with chronic stroke.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Angel Romero-Martinez, Carolina Sarrate-Costa, Luis Moya-Albiol
Summary: The study examines reactive and proactive aggression and argues for a complementary model instead of a dichotomous one. It explores the biological markers related to both types of aggression and highlights the role of genetic factors, brain analysis, and psychophysiological and hormonal correlates. The findings suggest that heritability plays a significant role in both types of aggression, while brain analysis reveals overlapping characteristics. The study also provides insights into potential treatments for reducing aggression proneness.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Haichao Sun, Jie Yang
Summary: The Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a popular technique used in intelligent systems to decompose a nonnegative matrix into two factor matrices. The objective of NMF is to ensure that the operation results of the two matrices are as close to the original matrix as possible while maintaining stability and generalization ability. This paper proposes AS-NMF, which analyzes the generalization performance of NMF algorithms from the perspective of algorithm stability and provides generalization error bounds. A general and stable framework is established to analyze and measure the generalization error bounds for the NMF algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of AS-NMF in terms of efficiency and model stability.
Article
Neurosciences
Woohyoung Jeon, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt, Kelly P. Westlake
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the modulation of arm responses to slip perturbations and its relationship with compensatory stepping stability in older adults. The results showed that older adults had decreased arm response modulation compared to younger adults, and arm elevation velocity was positively correlated with stepping stability. Fall prevention interventions may benefit from focusing on arm elevation velocity control.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Guangquan Cheng, Chi Jiang, Binglei Yue, Ranran Wang, Bander Alzahrani, Yin Zhang
Summary: This article comprehensively analyzes the complex application scenarios of proactive content caching technology for wireless edge networks to address the limitations of current technology in the 6G mobile network. It proposes accurate content popularity prediction, user-device-oriented caching mechanism, interpretable content replacement strategy, and reliable interdevice content sharing service model for achieving accurate, effective, trustworthy, and practical results. The proposed technology is validated and improved through experimental research.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Jae W. Lee, Shauna Mauceri, Katherine Chan, Janelle Unger, Kristin E. Musselman, Kei Masani
Summary: Incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) impairs reactive balance control, increasing the risk of falls. People with iSCI are more likely to exhibit multiple-step responses instead of single-step responses during the lean-and-release test. Furthermore, individuals with iSCI show greater variability in foot placement and this is related to clinical measures of balance. In conclusion, people with iSCI are less likely to demonstrate foot placement with sufficient margin of stability (MOS), which may contribute to the tendency to exhibit multiple-step responses.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Ashlee Curtis, Travis Harries, Hannah Bereznicki, David Skvarc, Brittany Patafio, Shannon Hyder, Richelle Mayshak
Summary: This study examined the relationship between impulsivity and relational aggression, specifically at the facet level. The results showed that there were positive associations between positive urgency and proactive relational aggression, negative urgency and reactive relational aggression, and sensation seeking and reactive relational aggression in females. There was also a negative relationship between sensation seeking and proactive relational aggression in females, and a positive association between negative urgency and reactive relational aggression in males.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yule Vaz, Rodrigo Fernandes de Mello, Carlos Henrique Grossi Ferreira
Summary: The data clustering problem is crucial in machine learning, but there is limited theoretical framework literature with generalization guarantees. This manuscript introduces a new concept based on multi-dimensional persistent homology to analyze the conditions for clustering models to generalize data. The coarse-refinement dilemma highlights the need for a relaxation of Kleinberg's richness axiom to avoid unstable or unrepresentative partitions.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Youngwook Kim, Michael N. Vakula, David A. E. Bolton, Christopher J. Dakin, Brennan J. Thompson, Timothy A. Slocum, Masaru Teramoto, Eadric Bressel
Summary: This study reviewed and evaluated the comparative effectiveness of various exercise-based interventions on reactive balance in older adults, and found that task-specific reactive balance exercise could be the optimal intervention for improving reactive balance in older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Wery P. M. van den Wildenberg, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Scott A. Wylie
Summary: The aim of this paper is to clarify the potential confusion when using the term proactive inhibitory control. A distinction is proposed between reactive inhibition, which refers to the mechanism of stopping an action, and proactive inhibition, which involves preparatory processes that bias the outcome of the competition between stopping and going.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Damian Edgardo Marelli, Minyue Fu
Summary: This paper studies the stability of networked control systems and presents a general result that determines global uniform boundedness, global asymptotic stability, or input-to-state stability for interconnected nonlinear systems. The result is checked using a scalar called the network gain, leading to the name "network gain theorem". The result extends the previously known matrix small-gain theorem and cyclic small-gain theorem for ISS. Additionally, the stability condition proposed is both sufficient and necessary, meaning that if it is not met, there exists an unstable networked system within the considered family. To complement the theoretical result, a fully distributed algorithm for computing the network gain is proposed, and simulation results are presented to illustrate its effectiveness.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Huifang Min, Shang Shi, Shengyuan Xu, Jian Guo, Zhengqiang Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the fixed-time stability of stochastic nonlinear systems described by Ito differential equations. The improved fixed-time Lyapunov theorem is proposed, which provides a less conservative upper-bound estimate of the settling time. It also establishes a new definition of practically fixed-time stability in probability and proposes the corresponding Lyapunov criterion theorem. The effectiveness of the proposed stability and controller is demonstrated by two simulation examples.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xutao Li, Michael K. Ng, Guangning Xu, Andy Yip
Summary: The class of multi-relational graph convolutional networks (MRGCNs) is an extension of standard graph convolutional networks (GCNs) for handling heterogenous graphs with multiple relationships. MRGCNs have shown better results than traditional GCNs in various machine learning tasks. The paper aims to analyze the stability and generalization guarantees of MRGCNs and confirm their usefulness. The contributions include the development of a matrix representation for tensor operations in MRGCNs, the proof of their uniform stability, and the demonstration of stability results through experiments.
Article
Mechanics
Ranislav M. Bulatovic
Summary: Merkin's theorem states that the equilibrium stability of a potential system with the same natural frequencies is destroyed after the addition of arbitrarily small linear non-conservative positional forces. A new generalization of this theorem has been developed in this study, which does not require commutativity of potential and circulatory matrices, providing an advantage over previous works.
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
