Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilson Cheuk Wing Chan, Zhijia Tan, Michael Kai Tsun To, Danny Chan
Summary: Bone is a dynamic tissue that responds to environmental changes such as nutrition and mechanical stress. Bone homeostasis is maintained through bone remodeling in adulthood, which involves a controlled balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. During embryonic development, bones can form through intramembraneous or endochondral ossification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rocio Soledad Tognacca, Javier Francisco Botto
Summary: Seed dormancy is a crucial developmental stage regulated by temperature and light, with a delicate balance of hormone signaling. Chromatin remodeling and alternative splicing play important roles in seed germination. Understanding post-transcriptional processes in crop seeds may lead to genotypes with improved performance and productivity.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tingting Li, Shihua Zhang, Yuxuan Yang, Lingli Zhang, Yu Yuan, Jun Zou
Summary: This paper reviews the progress of research on the co-regulation of bone metabolism by circadian clock genes and microRNAs, aiming to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Monika Vilimova, Sebastien Pfeffer
Summary: A significant portion of miRNA genes in animal genomes tend to cluster together. These miRNA clusters are transcribed as polycistronic transcripts, benefiting from common transcriptional regulation. However, there are discrepancies in the accumulation of mature miRNAs produced from the same cluster, suggesting unforeseen post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Austin P. Hensley, Audrey McAlinden
Summary: miRNAs are important epigenetic factors in regulating bone development, homeostasis, and repair processes by suppressing specific target genes. Studies have shown that alterations in miRNA levels or activity can lead to significant changes in cellular processes. Research has also revealed the potential therapeutic applications of miRNA regulation in various bone conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Chen, Fangfang Song, Fanxin Long
Summary: Glucocorticoids are a common cause for osteoporosis and fractures, but current treatments are not effective due to side effects. This study shows that WNT7B can restore bone mass after glucocorticoid-induced bone loss by increasing osteoblast number and function. However, WNT7B overexpression does not improve abnormal fat accumulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wing-Keung Chu, Li-Man Hung, Chun-Wei Hou, Jan-Kan Chen
Summary: This study found that MIR630 represses the expression of NANOG through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, leading to the differentiation of NT2/D1 cells. MIR630 may have multiple binding sites in the 3'UTR of NANOG and may act together with other miRNAs to maximally suppress NANOG expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weihao Zhao, Shang Zhang, Yumin Zhu, Xiaochen Xi, Pengfei Bao, Ziyuan Ma, Thomas H. Kapral, Shuyuan Chen, Bojan Zagrovic, Yucheng T. Yang, Zhi John Lu
Summary: RNA-binding proteins play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation, and accurately identifying their binding sites in multiple cell lines and tissue types is essential for understanding their regulatory mechanisms in physiological and pathological conditions. The updated POSTAR3 database includes comprehensive improvements in data collection, annotation infrastructure, and analysis, supporting annotation of post-transcriptional regulation in multiple species.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chengxi Sun, Chen Li, Wen Liu, Helgi B. Schioth
Summary: Humans and other organisms are exposed to thousands of chemicals, many of which are present in low concentrations and may have adverse effects on the circadian rhythm. Traditional toxicological methods are not effective for assessing complex mixtures of contaminants. This study establishes a cell line that can be used for high-throughput screening of chemicals that disrupt the circadian rhythm.
Review
Cell Biology
Zainab Taleb, Phillip Karpowicz
Summary: The circadian clock is a molecular timekeeper that regulates 24-hour rhythms in animals, impacting behavior and physiology, including metabolic and digestive systems. Animal models targeting circadian clock genes have shown their role in regulating liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity. Thus, the circadian clock plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic and digestive health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andreas Schober, Richard M. Blay, Saffiyeh Saboor Maleki, Farima Zahedi, Anja E. Winklmaier, Mati Y. Kakar, Isabelle M. Baatsch, Mengyu Zhu, Claudia Geissler, Anja E. Fusco, Anna Eberlein, Nan Li, Remco T. A. Megens, Ramin Banafsche, Jorg Kumbrink, Christian Weber, Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh
Summary: The molecular clock in atherosclerotic lesions induces a diurnal rhythm of apoptosis, regulated by circadian Mir21 expression in macrophages, leading to an increase in necrotic core size.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Mattia Furlan, Stefano de Pretis, Mattia Pelizzola
Summary: Despite RNA abundance being commonly assumed as a proxy for transcriptional activity, it is now possible to calculate how synthesis, processing, and degradation rates collectively determine the abundance of each gene's RNA. Different transcriptional outputs can correspond to different combinations of kinetic rates, indicating the existence of markedly different modes of gene expression regulation and their profound effects on gene self-expression regulation.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zhengrong Yin, Jingjing Deng, Mei Zhou, Minglei Li, E. Zhou, Jiatong Liu, Zhe Jia, Guanghai Yang, Yang Jin
Summary: In this study, the value of circadian miRNA (cmiRNA) as a prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was explored, and a prognostic signature was developed. The results showed that the signature had good predictive performance for overall and progression-free survival in LUAD, and high-risk patients showed higher sensitivity to chemotherapy and targeted medicine. In addition, a cmiRNA-Cgenes network was constructed, and enrichment analysis was performed.
Article
Oncology
Ning Qin, Shuijing Yi, Chanyuan Dai, Xiangyu Liu, Yinglong Duan, Yi Zhou, Ziyu Wan, Yue Kang, Xing Zhou, Jianfei Xie, Andy S. K. Cheng
Summary: There are associations between various features of serum cortisol and inflammatory markers and depression and anxiety in young women with gynecologic cancer.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2023)
Review
Biology
Geo Anna, Nisha N. Kannan
Summary: The endogenous circadian timekeeping system drives 24-h rhythms in gene expression and coordinates physiology, metabolism, and behavior in organisms. Regulation at various levels is crucial for its accurate functioning, including a core oscillatory feedback loop mediated by transcription and translation. Post-transcriptional regulation also plays a key role in shaping the rhythmicity of mRNAs and clock proteins accumulation.
CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Neha S. Dole, Anne M. Delany
Article
Cell Biology
Neha S. Dole, Courtney M. Mazur, Claire Acevedo, Justin P. Lopez, David A. Monteiro, Tristan W. Fowler, Bernd Gludovatz, Flynn Walsh, Jenna N. Regan, Sara Messina, Daniel S. Evans, Thomas F. Lang, Bin Zhang, Robert O. Ritchie, Khalid S. Mohammad, Tamara Alliston
Review
Rheumatology
Tiziana Franceschetti, Cosimo De Bari
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
(2017)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Neha S. Dole, Cristal S. Yee, Courtney M. Mazur, Claire Acevedo, Tamara Alliston
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Rheumatology
Karsyn N. Bailey, Jeffrey Nguyen, Cristal S. Yee, Neha S. Dole, Alexis Dang, Tamara Alliston
Summary: The study demonstrates the involvement of osteocytic TGF beta signaling in OA, affecting joint homeostasis, SBP thickness, and sclerostin expression. The findings suggest a sexually dimorphic role of osteocytic TGF beta signaling in joint homeostasis and mechanosensation at the SBP. Osteocytic TGF beta signaling could be a potential therapeutic target for OA.
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Daniel Chu, An Nguyen, Spenser S. Smith, Zuzana Vavrusova, Richard A. Schneider
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henry C. Hrdlicka, Renata C. Pereira, Bongjin Shin, Siu-Pok Yee, Alix C. Deymier, Sun-Kyeong Lee, Anne M. Delany
Summary: miR-29-3p plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Inhibition of miR-29-3p can affect bone formation, while miR-29-3p inhibition combined with intermittent PTH treatment can enhance bone anabolism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Monteiro, Neha S. Dole, J. Luke Campos, Serra Kaya, Charles A. Schurman, Cassandra D. Belair, Tamara Alliston
Summary: Bone is a dynamic tissue that constantly adapts to changing mechanical demands, with the TGF beta signaling pathway playing a key role in maintaining skeletal homeostasis. Research suggests that stimulation with fluid shear stress (FSS) can rapidly activate the TGF beta signaling pathway in osteocytes and generate a downstream response distinct from that achieved by the TGF beta ligand alone.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John Garcia, Spenser S. Smith, Sangita Karki, Hicham Drissi, Henry H. Hrdlicka, Daniel W. Youngstrom, Anne M. Delany
Summary: miR-433-3p is a negative regulator of bone formation through various key signaling pathways such as PTH, MAPK, Wnt, and endogenous glucocorticoids, targeting multiple genes including Crebl, Hsd11b1, and Rspo3 to inhibit osteoblast activity and Wnt signaling pathway, reducing bone mass. In in vivo experiments, inhibitors of miR-433-3p can increase trabecular bone volume in mice, indicating its negative regulatory role in bone formation.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bongjin Shin, Henry C. Hrdlicka, Anne M. Delany, Sun-Kyeong Lee
Summary: The miR-29-3p family of microRNAs plays a crucial role in osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis by targeting Calcr and Ctsk. Inhibition of miR-29-3p activity leads to increased bone volume due to reduced bone resorption. This study reveals an interplay between CALCR and CTSK in osteoclastic bone resorption regulated by miR-29-3p.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neha S. Dole, Jihee Yoon, David A. Monteiro, Jason Yang, Courtney M. Mazur, Serra Kaya, Cassandra D. Belair, Tamara Alliston
Summary: This study investigated a microRNA-dependent mechanism mediating the crosstalk between TGF-β and Wnt signaling in osteocytes exposed to fluid shear stress, revealing that miR-100 integrates the functions of these two essential pathways by antagonizing Wnt signaling.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Serra Kaya, Charles A. Schurman, Neha S. Dole, Daniel S. Evans, Tamara Alliston
Summary: By prioritizing mouse genes differentially expressed in aging mouse bone based on their human homolog associations with BMD and fracture, this study accelerates the identification of new genetic determinants of bone fragility. The approach significantly enriches candidate genes for functional analysis, providing a useful strategy for other researchers.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Spenser S. Smith, Daniel Chu, Tiange Qu, Jessye A. Aggleton, Richard A. Schneider
Summary: This study uncovers the molecular mechanisms underlying jaw length development, demonstrating that differential regulation of TGF beta signaling and Mmp13 promoter structure play a critical role in avian jaw development and evolution.