Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaza B. Zaghlool, Anna Halama, Nisha Stephan, Valborg Gudmundsdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lori L. Jennings, Manonanthini Thangam, Emma Ahlqvist, Rayaz A. Malik, Omar M. E. Albagha, Karsten Suhre, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra
Summary: This study translates T2D subtypes previously identified in European individuals to an Arab population and identifies specific metabolic and proteomic signatures for each subtype, providing further understanding of the pathogenesis of these subtypes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Achilles Ntranos, Hye-Jin Park, Maureen Wentling, Vladimir Tolstikov, Mario Amatruda, Benjamin Inbar, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Carol Frazier, Judy Button, Michael A. Kiebish, Fred Lublin, Keith Edwards, Patrizia Casaccia
Summary: The study identified that patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate show a significant depletion of gut microbiota and potential neurotoxicity induced by phenol and indole derivatives of bacterial origin. The metabolites identified, such as p-cresol sulphate, indoxyl sulphate and N-phenylacetylglutamine, were associated with changes in neurofilament light chain levels and cortical volume in MRI measurements. This suggests that bacterial-derived metabolites from the breakdown of tryptophan and phenylalanine may play a role in mediating gut-brain communication and neurotoxicity in multiple sclerosis.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Achim Peters, Mattis Hartwig, Tobias Spiller
Summary: According to the free energy principle, sentient beings strive to minimize surprise or uncertainty. Psychosocial stress is defined as a state of heightened expected surprise or uncertainty, and individuals attempt to reduce uncertainty through an uncertainty resolution program (URP). Habituation to stress reduces uncertainty, while toxic stress increases it.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuaiming Jiang, Aijie Liu, Wenyao Ma, Xinlei Liu, Pengfei Luo, Meng Zhan, Xiaoli Zhou, Lihao Chen, Jiachao Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Lactobacillus gasseri CKCC1913, a potential probiotic strain, in high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant diabetes using a mouse model. The results revealed that L. gasseri CKCC1913 improved glucose tolerance, reduced fasting blood glucose levels, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Additionally, it alleviated oxidative stress damage, improved insulin resistance, and positively influenced lipid metabolism and glucose control. The study highlights the potential of probiotics, specifically L. gasseri CKCC1913, as a therapeutic approach for diabetes and metabolic disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuaiming Jiang, Aijie Liu, Wenyao Ma, Xinlei Liu, Pengfei Luo, Meng Zhan, Xiaoli Zhou, Lihao Chen, Jiachao Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Lactobacillus gasseri CKCC1913, a potential probiotic strain, in high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant diabetes using a mouse model. The results showed that L. gasseri CKCC1913 improved glucose tolerance, decreased fasting blood glucose levels, reduced inflammation, alleviated oxidative stress, and improved lipid metabolism and glucose control in diabetic mice. The potential mechanism involved an increase in beneficial bacteria and the production of short-chain fatty acids, as well as the influence on local bacterial metabolism pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthias Eckhardt
Summary: Sphingolipids with hydroxylated acyl residues at C-2 are commonly found in eukaryotes and certain bacteria. These 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids are present in various organs and cell types, particularly in myelin and skin. The enzyme FA2H is responsible for the synthesis of many, but not all, 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids. Deficiency in FA2H leads to a neurodegenerative disease called hereditary spastic paraplegia 35 (HSP35/SPG35) or fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN). Additionally, FA2H is implicated in other diseases, and its low expression level is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Froukje Vanweert, Michael Neinast, Edmundo Erazo Tapia, Tineke van de Weijer, Joris Hoeks, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Megan C. Blair, Marc R. Bornstein, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Patrick Schrauwen, Zoltan Arany, Esther Phielix
Summary: This study used NaPB to lower plasma BCAA levels in patients with T2D and found that it improved peripheral insulin sensitivity, muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity, and whole-body insulin-stimulated carbohydrate oxidation while reducing plasma BCAA and glucose levels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wanglong Gou, Chu-wen Ling, Yan He, Zengliang Jiang, Yuanqing Fu, Fengzhe Xu, Zelei Miao, Ting-yu Sun, Jie-sheng Lin, Hui-lian Zhu, Hongwei Zhou, Yu-ming Chen, Ju-Sheng Zheng
Summary: Our study identified core gut microbial features associated with type 2 diabetes risk and future glucose increment using an interpretable machine learning framework. We also confirmed the relationship between these features and type 2 diabetes through human fecal sample transplantation to germ-free mice. Additionally, we found body fat distribution to be a key factor modulating the gut microbiome-type 2 diabetes relationship.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kimberly M. Alonge, David A. D'Alessio, Michael W. Schwartz
Summary: The role of the brain in both normal glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis remains unclear, but evidence suggests that the brain plays a key role in sensing and responding to changes in circulating glucose levels. This perspective is supported by the idea that restoring the brain's ability to sense glucose levels can normalize blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. Additionally, there may be a shared defect in the neurocircuitry governing energy and glucose homeostasis in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amnah Al-Sayyar, Maha M. Hammad, Michayla R. Williams, Mohammed Al-Onaizi, Jehad Abubaker, Fawaz Alzaid
Summary: Efficient signal transduction is crucial for maintaining the function of the nervous system. This review highlights the role of neurotransmitters in regulating energy balance and its link to the development of type 2 diabetes and obesity. It also discusses the perspectives in neuroscience and metabolism research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhaohu Hao, Junxin Yao, Xiaoying Zhao, Ran Liu, Baocheng Chang, Hailin Shao
Summary: Non-targeted metabonomic techniques were used to explore changes in metabolic profiles of patients with early onset and late onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study found distinctive metabolic variants and disturbed pathways in both early onset and late onset T2DM patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anson C. M. Chau, Ashleigh E. Smith, Brenton Hordacre, Saravana Kumar, Eva Y. W. Cheung, Henry K. F. Mak
Summary: This review explores the application of rs-fMRI in studying brain functional connectivity alterations in T2DM patients over the past decade, focusing on the importance of graph theory as a contemporary rsfMRI analysis method. These techniques can reveal changes in brain topological structures in T2DM patients and their correlation with cognitive performance.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shilpa S. Shetty, N. Suchetha Kumari
Summary: This study investigated the association between FADS2 gene polymorphism, lipid levels, and susceptibility to type-2 diabetes mellitus. Results showed significant differences in circulating lipid levels in T2DM, with the multivariate model suggesting a predictive role for genotype, triglyceride, and insulin. The findings highlight the functional link between FADS2 gene polymorphism, lipid levels, and type-2 diabetes mellitus.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhenni An, Danmeng Zheng, Dongzhuo Wei, Dingwen Jiang, Xuejiao Xing, Chang Liu
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between acylcarnitines and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results showed that plasma levels of short-chain acylcarnitines (C2, C3, C4, and C5) were positively associated with DPN risk.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Kamila Koziel, Ewa M. Urbanska
Summary: The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway is important for tryptophan conversion in the brain and periphery, and kynurenines have diverse biological actions. Imbalance of beneficial and harmful kynurenines is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus. Inflammation affects the function of the pathway, and kynurenines can modulate the immune response. This review highlights the role of the Trp-KYN pathway in diabetes and insulin resistance, suggesting it as a potential target for preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Blanca Lizarbe, Ana Francisca Soares, Sara Larsson, Joao M. N. Duarte
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Joao M. N. Duarte, Cecilia Skoug, Henrique B. Silva, Rui A. Carvalho, Rolf Gruetter, Rodrigo A. Cunha
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Francisca Soares, Jakob D. Nissen, Alba M. Garcia-Serrano, Sakura S. Nussbaum, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Joao M. N. Duarte
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Pascale Belenguer, Joao M. N. Duarte, Patricia F. Schuck, Gustavo C. Ferreira
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Joana Reis Pedro, Liane I. F. Moura, Angela Valerio-Fernandes, Filipa Baptista, Joana M. Gaspar, Barbara S. Pinheiro, Cristina Lemos, Fernanda Neutzling Kaufmann, Carla Morgado, Carla S. da Silva-Santos, Isaura Tavares, Samira G. Ferreira, Eugenia Carvalho, Antonio F. Ambrosio, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Joao M. N. Duarte, Attila Kofalvi
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alba M. Garcia-Serrano, Adelaide A. Mohr, Juliette Philippe, Cecilia Skoug, Peter Spegel, Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: An obesogenic diet can cause reversible changes in brain metabolism and structure, rather than permanent damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Skoug, Cecilia Holm, Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: HSL is present in the brain and plays a role in regulating memory and lipid metabolism. HSL-null mice showed impaired memory and changes in lipid profiles, as well as mild inflammation.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Skoug, Isak Martinsson, Gunnar K. Gouras, Anja Meissner, Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: The study found that S1PR2 and S1PR4 receptors are located in the active zone of nerve terminals and inhibit neuronal activity. These receptors have control over spontaneous neuronal activity. Future research needs to further explore whether these receptors regulate stimulation-induced neurotransmitter release.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: This study highlights the effects of eliminating serine racemase on insulin production in hippocampal neurons and discusses the potential role of insulin in counteracting insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease. However, further experiments are needed to determine the effectiveness of D-serine modulation in improving insulin sensitivity in AD and other metabolic diseases with neurological impact.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anja Meissner, Alba M. Garcia-Serrano, Lotte Vanherle, Zeinab Rafiee, Nicholas Don-Doncow, Cecilia Skoug, Sara Larsson, Michael Gottschalk, Martin Magnusson, Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: Excess dietary salt impairs cerebral blood flow and metabolism in the brain, and reducing salt intake may partially reverse these effects. A study on mice showed that a high-salt diet reduced blood flow in the cortex and hippocampus, but this recovered after switching to a normal-salt diet. High-salt diet also altered metabolite profiles in the hippocampus. Only the levels of glutamine were fully restored after dietary salt normalization. Additionally, high-salt diet caused permanent structural changes in the dendritic arborization and spine density of cortical and hippocampal neurons, which were not reversed after reducing salt intake.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amra Jujic, Joao P. P. Vieira, Hana Matuskova, Peter M. Nilsson, Ulf Lindblad, Michael H. Olsen, Joao M. N. Duarte, Anja Meissner, Martin Magnusson
Summary: Epidemiological studies have found associations between plasma galectin-4 (Gal-4) levels and diabetes as well as coronary artery disease. However, there is a lack of data on the association between plasma Gal-4 and stroke. This study investigated the association between plasma Gal-4 and prevalent stroke in a population-based cohort, as well as the response of plasma Gal-4 to ischemic stroke in mice fed a high-fat diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joao P. P. Vieira, Filip Ottosson, Amra Jujic, Vladimir Denisov, Martin Magnusson, Olle Melander, Joao M. N. Duarte
Summary: Combining LC-MS and NMR techniques improves the discrimination of metabolic disease development, including those induced by a high-fat diet. The study confirms that metabolic pathways in mice affected by high-fat diet also impact diabetes in humans.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. M. Garcia-Serrano, J. M. N. Duarte
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
J. Duarte, A. Soares, S. Larsson, B. Lizarbe
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2019)
