Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xingang Liu, Yinghao Shang, Jihai Zhang, Chuhong Zhang
Summary: Ionic liquid-assisted FDM technology enables direct printing of high electroactive beta-phase PVDF piezoelectric devices, promoting the formation of beta crystals and enhancing the piezoelectric output of PVDF devices. The PVDF devices printed by FDM have a beta crystal content as high as 98.3%, self-polarization characteristics, and do not require additional poling steps.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cheng Han, Lirong He, Qi Wang, Chuhong Zhang
Summary: This study presents a solvent-exchange-assisted direct ink writing (DIW) printing strategy for the fabrication of accurate and stable 3D PVDF PEH. The solvent exchange process enables the retention of filament measure and generation of micropores, promoting PVDF crystallization and formation of the beta-phase. The 3D printed PVDF exhibits significantly improved performance compared to traditional solvent-evaporation-assisted DIW technique.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alec Ikei, James Wissman, Kaushik Sampath, Gregory Yesner, Syed N. Qadri
Summary: PVDF-TrFE has shown to be a more promising material choice than PVDF in the field of functional 3D printing, due to its ability to achieve high levels of piezoelectric performance. This study demonstrates an in situ 3D printing and poling method for PVDF-TrFE, paving the way for the development of pressure sensors with higher sensitivity and accuracy.
Article
Polymer Science
Pu Han, Alireza Tofangchi, Derek Carr, Sihan Zhang, Keng Hsu
Summary: This study demonstrates a significant enhancement in the piezoelectric properties of extrusion-printed PVDF by introducing additional shear strains. Through the use of a rotating extrusion nozzle, continuous torsional shear strains lead to increased crystallinity and improved piezoelectric behavior of the printed parts. This research introduces a new direction in the development of polymer and composite 3D printing by utilizing in-process shear strains to control the overall properties of printed parts.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xinran Zhou, Kaushik Parida, Jian Chen, Jiaqing Xiong, Zihao Zhou, Feng Jiang, Yangyang Xin, Shlomo Magdassi, Pooi See Lee
Summary: The fast development of wearable electronic systems requires a sustainable energy source. Piezoelectric polymer films are a perfect candidate for fabricating nanogenerators, but most of their applications are limited to the pressing mode energy harvesting. In this work, an auxetic structure is 3D printed on a polymer film-based PENG, enabling the bending deformation of the PENG to be transformed into controlled in-plane stretching deformation, increasing the bending output voltage by 8.3 times. The auxetic structure-assisted PENG is also demonstrated as a sensor for bending angle and motion monitoring.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Md. Nurul Islam, Rifat Hasan Rupom, Pashupati R. Adhikari, Zoriana Demchuk, Ivan Popov, Alexei P. Sokolov, H. Felix Wu, Rigoberto C. Advincula, Narendra Dahotre, Yijie Jiang, Wonbong Choi
Summary: This study demonstrates a significantly enhanced piezoelectricity in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) through the in situ dipole alignment of PVDF within PVDF-2D molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS2) composite by 3D printing. The piezoelectric coefficient (d(33)) for 3D printed PVDF-8wt.% MoS2 composite is more than eight times higher than that of cast neat PVDF. The enhancement is attributed to the increased volume fraction of β phase in PVDF, filler fraction, heterogeneous strain distribution around PVDF-MoS2 interfaces, and strain transfer to the nanofillers.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haoran Pei, Jingjing Jing, Yinghong Chen, Jiajun Guo, Ning Chen
Summary: In this study, self-poled high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) were successfully fabricated through 3D printing by incorporating oriented ionic salt-montmorillonite (IS-MMT) co-fillers into a poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix. Additionally, a self-adaptive conformal PENG based on auxetic metamaterial was developed, showing beyond the practicability of traditional 2D PENGs. The tailored 3D printed cell with serpentine geometries of metamaterial exhibited high sensitivity to structure variation, making it beneficial for regulating piezoelectric output.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Shiping Song, Yijun Li, Qi Wang, Chuhong Zhang
Summary: Piezoelectric materials, with unique mechanical energy-harvesting capabilities, face challenges in achieving ideal performance when fabricated into low-dimensional products. SLS 3D printing offers a solution to amplify piezoelectric output, emphasizing the importance of novel materials in enhancing performance for energy harvesting applications.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Habib Nassar, Gaurav Khandelwal, Radu Chirila, Xenofon Karagiorgis, Rebecca E. Ginesi, Abhishek Singh Dahiya, Ravinder Dahiya
Summary: Multi-material additive manufacturing using direct ink writing is a versatile and resource-efficient technique that can produce low-cost sensors and embedded electronic systems. In this study, a fully printed and packaged piezoelectric sensor was successfully fabricated using P(VDF-TrFE)-BaTiO3 as the active material. By adjusting the concentration of BaTiO3 filler, the performance of the sensor can be optimized. The sensor exhibited a linear response in the working range of 0-60 kPa and remained stable under continuous operation for 2200 s. The repeatability of the fabrication process was confirmed, and the sensor was demonstrated to identify objects with different hardness based on dynamic tactile data.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ander Reizabal, Biranche Tandon, Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez, Paul D. Dalton
Summary: This review summarizes the most significant contributions of aqueous solution processing in the field of electrohydrodynamic (EHD) techniques, focusing on understanding the effects of different printing parameters, the prospects for 3D processing new materials, and future challenges.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Yang Wu
Summary: E-jetting technique, derived from electrospinning, allows for precise fiber deposition and has shown promise in supporting cell growth and extracellular matrix formation. It can be combined with other techniques for incorporating biomaterials and improving scaffold performance.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoting Yuan, Xiangyu Gao, Xinyi Shen, Jikun Yang, Zhanmiao Li, Shuxiang Dong
Summary: This study introduces a 3D-printed PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric film coated with dislocated interdigital electrodes to create multiple tilt-polarized regions, demonstrating high sensitivity to external stress. Experimental results show that the film can produce stable peak voltage and high power density, indicating potential for self-powered tactile sensors and artificial skin applications in the future.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xingang Liu, Yinghao Shang, Jingfeng Liu, Zhuzhu Shao, Chuhong Zhang
Summary: In this study, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing was introduced for the flexible construction of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based 3D piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) by incorporating 1D BaTi2O5 (BT2) nanorods as fillers. The shearing force generated by FDM successfully realized the uniform orientation of BT2 nanorods in the PVDF matrix. By coupling 3D printing with the piezoelectric anisotropy of BT2 nanorods, the 3D PEH can generate different piezoelectric responses to the same applied external force from different directions. An optimized conical array structure was also constructed to amplify the deformation of the PEH and enhance its piezoelectric output. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D printing as a multifunctional strategy for fabricating 3D PEHs with 1-3-type piezoelectric composite materials for self-powering microelectronic applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Longfei Li, Fei Peng, Guoqiang Zheng, Kun Dai, Chuntai Liu, Changyu Shen
Summary: In this study, a facile strategy for fabricating core-sheath piezoelectric fiber (C-PEF) by electrospinning poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) onto stainless steel wires was reported. The C-PEF can respond well to bending deformation and can be assembled into a piezoelectric bending sensor for airflow speed sensing. Moreover, the spring-like structured C-PEF (S-C-PEF) can serve as a piezoelectric spring sensor and monitor human sleep behavior in a sophisticated manner. This work paves the way for developing low-cost and reliable multigeometric piezoelectric sensors for bending sensing and health monitoring.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xingang Liu, Jingfeng Liu, Lirong He, Yinghao Shang, Chuhong Zhang
Summary: This article proposes an innovative strategy that combines 3D printing with rational structural design to improve piezoelectric performance without altering the material or device size. The customized 3D-printed piezoelectric lattice cells demonstrate faster response time, higher sensitivity, and better linearity compared to many 2D film sensors. This approach allows for easier regulation of piezoelectric output by adjusting the structure, saving the hassle of changing materials.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)