Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andre F. Rendeiro, Hiranmayi Ravichandran, Yaron Bram, Vasuretha Chandar, Junbum Kim, Cem Meydan, Jiwoon Park, Jonathan Foox, Tyler Hether, Sarah Warren, Youngmi Kim, Jason Reeves, Steven Salvatore, Christopher E. Mason, Eric C. Swanson, Alain C. Borczuk, Olivier Elemento, Robert E. Schwartz
Summary: Recent studies using high-parameter imaging mass cytometry have provided insights into the cellular composition and spatial architecture of acute lung injury in humans, including injuries derived from SARS-CoV-2 infection. It was found that SARS-CoV-2 predominantly infects alveolar epithelial cells and induces a localized hyperinflammatory cell state associated with lung damage. As COVID-19 progresses, there is increased macrophage extravasation, along with increased numbers of mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts, possibly indicating attempts to repair the damaged lung tissue. The data generated help in developing a biologically interpretable landscape of lung pathology at both macroscopic and single-cell levels, providing a basis for understanding COVID-19 and lung pathology.
Article
Immunology
Elena Diaz-Garcia, Sara Garcia-Tovar, Enrique Alfaro, Ester Zamarron, Alberto Mangas, Raul Galera, Jose Juan Ruiz-Hernandez, Jordi Sole-Violan, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego, Ana Van-Den-Rym, Rebeca Perez-de-Diego, Kapil Nanwani-Nanwani, Eduardo Lopez-Collazo, Francisco Garcia-Rio, Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
Summary: CD39 overexpression in COVID-19 patients may indicate dysregulation of purinergic signaling and contribute to thromboinflammation disorder.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Emma E. Seagle, Brendan R. Jackson, Shawn R. Lockhart, Ourania Georgacopoulos, Natalie S. Nunnally, Jeremy Roland, Devra M. Barter, Helen L. Johnston, Christopher A. Czaja, Hazal Kayalioglu, Paula Clogher, Andrew Revis, Monica M. Farley, Lee H. Harrison, Sarah Shrum Davis, Erin C. Phipps, Brenda L. Tesini, William Schaffner, Tiffanie M. Markus, Meghan M. Lyman
Summary: This study conducted a case-level analysis to compare the characteristics of candidemia patients with and without COVID-19. It found that patients with COVID-19 and candidemia had a lower prevalence of underlying conditions associated with candidemia but had twice the mortality rate compared to candidemia patients without COVID-19.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Wu, Dongsheng Chen, Wencheng Ding, Ping Wu, Hongyan Hou, Yong Bai, Yuwen Zhou, Kezhen Li, Shunian Xiang, Panhong Liu, Jia Ju, Ensong Guo, Jia Liu, Bin Yang, Junpeng Fan, Liang He, Ziyong Sun, Ling Feng, Jian Wang, Tangchun Wu, Hao Wang, Jin Cheng, Hui Xing, Yifan Meng, Yongsheng Li, Yuanliang Zhang, Hongbo Luo, Gang Xie, Xianmei Lan, Ye Tao, Jiafeng Li, Hao Yuan, Kang Huang, Wan Sun, Xiaobo Qian, Zhichao Li, Mingxi Huang, Peiwen Ding, Haoyu Wang, Jiaying Qiu, Feiyue Wang, Shiyou Wang, Jiacheng Zhu, Xiangning Ding, Chaochao Chai, Langchao Liang, Xiaoling Wang, Lihua Luo, Yuzhe Sun, Ying Yang, Zhenkun Zhuang, Tao Li, Lei Tian, Shaoqiao Zhang, Linnan Zhu, Ashley Chang, Lei Chen, Yiquan Wu, Xiaoyan Ma, Fang Chen, Yan Ren, Xun Xu, Siqi Liu, Huanming Yang, Lin Wang, Chaoyang Sun, Ding Ma, Xin Jin, Gang Chen
Summary: The authors conducted blood sampling and multi-omics analysis on COVID-19 patients of various disease severities, reporting a trans-omics landscape of COVID-19. The study found differences in characteristics between patients with different disease severities, suggesting potential clues for pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fangrong Zhang, Jakob Kerbl-Knapp, Alena Akhmetshina, Melanie Korbelius, Katharina Barbara Kuentzel, Nemanja Vujic, Gerd Hoerl, Margret Paar, Dagmar Kratky, Ernst Steyrer, Tobias Madl
Summary: The dysregulation of cellular metabolism is a irreversible hallmark of ageing, with each tissue having a unique metabolic fingerprint that could serve as potential universal biomarkers of ageing. Further exploration of these metabolic changes could provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of ageing and age-related diseases, and accurately assessing the age of individuals based on identified metabolite biomarkers.
Article
Immunology
Francesco Sabbatino, Valeria Conti, Gianluigi Franci, Carmine Sellitto, Valentina Manzo, Pasquale Pagliano, Emanuela De Bellis, Alfonso Masullo, Francesco Antonio Salzano, Alessandro Caputo, Ilaria Peluso, Pio Zeppa, Giosue Scognamiglio, Giuseppe Greco, Carla Zannella, Michele Ciccarelli, Claudia Cicala, Carmine Vecchione, Amelia Filippelli, Stefano Pepe
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe social and medical consequences, including a subset of patients with rapidly worsening severe-critical manifestations. Prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to address this issue. Dysregulated immune response, particularly involving immune checkpoint molecules like PD-1 and PD-L1, play a significant role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Serum levels of PD-L1 have shown to have a prognostic role in COVID-19 patients, indicating the potential for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in clinical studies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mei-Chuan Chen, Kevin Shu-Leung Lai, Ko-Ling Chien, Sing Teck Teng, Yuh-Rong Lin, Wei Chao, Meng-Jung Lee, Po-Li Wei, Yen-Hua Huang, Han-Pin Kuo, Chih-Ming Weng, Chun-Liang Chou
Summary: This study found that pc-MSC therapy in severely ill COVID-19 patients can promote adaptive immune responses, reduce inflammatory responses, and improve clinical outcomes without adverse effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Diana Badenes Bonet, Oswaldo Antonio Caguana Velez, Xavier Duran Jorda, Merce Comas Serrano, Margarita Posso Rivera, Mireia Admetllo, Anna Herranz Blasco, Elisa Cuadrado Godia, Ester Marco Navarro, Gemma Martin Ezquerra, Zenaida Pineiro Aguin, Maria Cinta Cumpli Gargallo, Jose Gregorio Gonzalez Garcia, Eva Balcells Vilarnau, Diego Rodriguez Chiaradia, Xavier Castells, Joaquim Gea, Juan P. Horcajada, Judit Villar-Garcia
Summary: This study aimed to identify risk factors for the presence of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) and describe the profile of persistent symptoms in a multidisciplinary Post-Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Unit. The results showed that treatment with dexamethasone and remdesivir was associated with shorter duration of symptoms, and female gender, obesity, asthma, and disease severity were identified as risk factors for PASC.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Abhimanyu Thakur, Vartika Sharma, Sera Averbek, Lifan Liang, Nirali Pandya, Gaurav Kumar, Alma Cili, Kui Zhang
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 has sparked interest in finding treatments or vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. While primarily a respiratory virus, SARS-CoV-2 has been found to have neurological complications, raising questions about its entry into the CNS. Receptors such as ACE2, CD147, TMPRSS2, and NRP1 have been identified in brain cells and may facilitate CNS entry. Proteins like P2X7 and Panx-1 may also contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis. The immune system and redox imbalance have been investigated for their roles in the severity of COVID-19 and neurological manifestations. Overall, this review summarizes the mechanisms involved and recent progress in the study of COVID-19's impact on the CNS.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Collins N. Khwatenge, Marquette Pate, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Summary: Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders and increased risk of diseases, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research indicates that obese individuals are more likely to develop a more severe course of COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rebecca C. Woodruff, Shikha Garg, Mary G. George, Kadam Patel, Sandra L. Jackson, Fleetwood Loustalot, Jonathan M. Wortham, Christopher A. Taylor, Michael Whitaker, Arthur Reingold, Nisha B. Alden, James Meek, Evan J. Anderson, Andy Weigel, Justin Henderson, Erica Bye, Sarah Shrum Davis, Grant Barney, Nancy M. Bennett, Eli Shiltz, Melissa Sutton, H. Keipp Talbot, Andrea Price, Laurence S. Sperling, Fiona P. Havers
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute cardiac events during COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among adults. The results showed that 11.4% of adults experienced an acute cardiac event during their hospitalization, with higher prevalence among those with underlying cardiac disease. Acute ischemic heart disease and acute heart failure were the most common events, while acute myocarditis or pericarditis occurred at a lower rate. Patients with acute cardiac events had a higher risk of ICU admission and in-hospital death compared to those without such events. Therefore, individuals at higher risk for acute cardiac events during COVID-19-associated hospitalizations may benefit from more intensive clinical evaluation and monitoring.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bahire Kalfaoglu, Jose Almeida-Santos, Chanidapa Adele Tye, Yorifumi Satou, Masahiro Ono
Summary: Research indicates that T-cells play crucial roles in the immunity to COVID-19, with dysregulation noted in severe cases. The impairment of FOXP3 induction in CD4(+) T-cells may lead to abnormal T-cell responses, while hyperactivated T-cells could potentially contribute to dysregulation and tissue destruction in severe COVID-19 patients.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Virology
Salma Aktar, Saiful Amin
Summary: Balancing immune response against an unfamiliar pathogen is crucial for eliminating infection. Cellular toll-like receptors immediately activate a cascade of cell signaling events upon sensing SARS-CoV-2, aiming to provide protection against the virus. However, an imbalance can lead to impaired immune system control, resulting in excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators and the occurrence of cytokine storm and COVID-19 pathological syndromes. Limited production of interferons and excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests abnormal cell signaling events, explaining increased immunopathology and severity in COVID-19.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanhong Hao, Zheng Zhang, Guifang Feng, Moran Chen, Qiongqiong Wan, Jie Lin, Liang Wu, Wenjing Nie, Suming Chen
Summary: By performing comprehensive lipidomic characterization of serum samples from asymptomatic COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, a panel of key lipids that could accurately identify asymptomatic patients was screened out, revealing unique lipid metabolic dysregulation.
Article
Immunology
Sara Baptista, Sanushka Naidoo, Sara Suliman, Emmanuel Nepolo, Bernard N. Kanoi, Jesse Gitaka, Oyedemi Mbaebie Blessing, Shymaa Enany
Summary: Africa continues to struggle in terms of COVID-19 vaccine distribution and faces challenges in vaccine development, deployment, and sustainability for other major infectious diseases. To address the ongoing vaccine shortage, Africa needs to diversify investments, improve vaccine acquisition capacity, and increase awareness about vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Meghan Cerpa, Scott L. Zuckerman, Lawrence G. Lenke, Michael P. Kelly, Burt Yaszay, Peter Newton, Paul Sponseller, Mark Erickson, Sumeet Garg, Joshua Pahys, Amer Samdani, Patrick Cahill, Richard McCarthy, David Bumpass, Daniel Sucato, Oheneba Boachie-Adjei, Suken Shah, Munish Gupta
Summary: This study aimed to compare myelopathic and non-myelopathic ambulatory patients in terms of neurologic function, operative treatment, and patient-reported outcomes. The results showed that myelopathic patients experienced significant improvement in neurologic function postoperatively, with no difference between the two groups at 1-year and 2-year postoperative. Non-myelopathic patients had higher scores in some SRS domains, but both groups showed significant improvement in all domains.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ndeye F. Guisse, Joseph D. Stone, Lukas G. Keil, Tracey P. Bastrom, Mark A. Erickson, Burt Yaszay, Patrick J. Cahill, Stefan Parent, Peter G. Gabos, Peter O. Newton, Michael P. Glotzbecker, Michael P. Kelly, Joshua M. Pahys, Nicholas D. Fletcher
Summary: The modified Clavien-Dindosink (CDS) classification system showed very good interrater and intrarater reliability in describing complications following posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This system may be more useful than a major versus minor complication system for reporting outcomes and improving surgical practices and patient outcomes in this population.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kazuhiro Hasegawa, Shun Hatsushikano, Jean-Charles Le Huec, Zeeshan Sardar, Hee-Kit Wong, Hwee Weng Dennis Hey, Gabriel Liu, Stephane Bourret, Michael Kelly, Hend Riahi, Mouna Chelli-Bouaziz, Lawrence G. Lenke
Summary: The study found that pelvic incidence (PI) is positively correlated with age, and is also affected by sex, ethnicity, and pelvic thickness. The correlation between PI and age is more significant in women.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Monty B. Mazer, Yonca Bulut, Nina N. Brodsky, Fong W. Lam, Jamie L. Sturgill, Sydney M. Miles, Steven L. Shein, Christopher L. Carroll, Kenneth E. Remy
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jacob K. Greenberg, Joshua M. Landman, Michael P. Kelly, Brenton H. Pennicooke, Camilo A. Molina, Randi E. Foraker, Wilson Z. Ray
Summary: This study validates the use of synthetic data for spine surgery research, as it replicates most descriptive and predictive properties of real data. Synthetic data derivatives can help overcome concerns regarding patient privacy and data ownership.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rajiv R. Iyer, Michael G. Vitale, Adam N. Fano, Hiroko Matsumoto, Daniel J. Sucato, Amer F. Samdani, Justin S. Smith, Munish C. Gupta, Michael P. Kelly, Han Jo Kim, Daniel M. Sciubba, Samuel K. Cho, David W. Polly, Oheneba Boachie-Adjei, Peter D. Angevine, Stephen J. Lewis, Lawrence G. Lenke
Summary: Expert consensus was established on various parameters and preventative strategies for elevated risk during spinal deformity surgery, aiming to minimize the risk of intraoperative neuromonitoring events and postoperative neurological deficits.
Article
Clinical Neurology
John C. F. Clohisy, Lawrence G. Lenke, Mostafa H. El Dafrawy, Rachel C. Wolfe, Elfaridah Frazier, Michael P. Kelly
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different protocols of tranexamic acid (TXA) in complex adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. The results showed that there were no significant differences in estimated blood loss, transfusion volume, and serious adverse events between the high dose and low dose TXA protocols. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate dosage of TXA in ASD surgeries.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Kenneth E. Remy, Niranjan Kissoon
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Neel Shah, Ahmed Arshad, Monty B. Mazer, Christopher L. Carroll, Steven L. Shein, Kenneth E. Remy
Summary: This review summarizes the current use of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques in clinical data modeling for pediatric critical care, focusing on the differences between techniques and their role in the clinical setting.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Charles G. Macias, Kenneth E. Remy, Amie J. Barda
Summary: Big data has the potential to transform pediatric healthcare delivery and research, but its full realization is yet to be achieved. Challenges include capturing the heterogeneity of the pediatric population and the complexity of pediatric diseases, as well as the lack of knowledge and evidence regarding the utility and effectiveness of these tools. Overcoming cultural barriers is essential for the next wave of transformation in pediatric healthcare and research through big data and sophisticated analytics.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Jacob K. Greenberg, Dominic Pelle, William Clifton, Saad Javeed, Wilson Z. Ray, Michael P. Kelly, Jeffrey C. Wang, James S. Harrop, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Zoher Ghogawala, Jason W. Savage, Michael P. Steinmetz
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew C. Findlay, Samuel Tenhoeve, Skyler A. Terry, Rajiv R. Iyer, Douglas L. Brockmeyer, Michael P. Kelly, John R. W. Kestle, David Gonda, Vijay M. Ravindra
Summary: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a rare condition with diverse symptoms. There is significant heterogeneity in reporting surgical indications and postoperative outcomes, highlighting the need for a standardized measurement tool for assessing and managing TCS.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2023)