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An appraisal of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): the dynamic molecule of wound healing and its current clinical applications

Journal

GROWTH FACTORS
Volume 40, Issue 3-4, Pages 73-88

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2074843

Keywords

Vascular endothelial growth factor; wound healing; angiogenesis; diabetic ulcer; venous ulcer; peripheral arterial disease

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Angiogenesis plays a critical role in wound healing, and the use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote blood flow restoration in damaged tissues has been extensively researched. This review evaluates the biology of VEGF, its comprehensive role in the wound healing process, and its application in various types of wounds. Despite promising laboratory research, the clinical applications of VEGF have not met expectations. The review discusses the potential reasons for this and provides insights for future research.
Angiogenesis is a critical step of wound healing, and its failure leads to chronic wounds. The idea of restoring blood flow to the damaged tissues by promoting neo-angiogenesis is lucrative and has been researched extensively. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key dynamic molecule of angiogenesis has been investigated for its functions. In this review, we aim to appraise its biology, the comprehensive role of this dynamic molecule in the wound healing process, and how this knowledge has been translated in clinical application in various types of wounds. Although, most laboratory research on the use of VEGF is promising, its clinical applications have not met great expectations. We discuss various lacunae that might exist in making its clinical application unsuccessful for commercial use, and provide insight to the foundation for future research.

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