Article
Infectious Diseases
A. B. Sudeep, Pragya D. Yadav, Mangesh D. Gokhale, R. Balasubramanian, Nivedita Gupta, Anita Shete, Rajlaxmi Jain, Savita Patil, Rima R. Sahay, Dimpal A. Nyayanit, Sanjay Gopale, Prachi G. Pardeshi, Triparna D. Majumdar, Dilip R. Patil, A. P. Sugunan, Devendra T. Mourya
Summary: The study trapped Pteropus medius bats near the index case area and detected the presence of Nipah virus. Interestingly, 20.68% of the bats were found to have anti-NiV IgG antibodies.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephanie L. Foster, Courtney Woolsey, Viktoriya Borisevich, Krystle N. Agans, Abhishek N. Prasad, Daniel J. Deer, Joan B. Geisbert, Natalie S. Dobias, Karla A. Fenton, Robert W. Cross, Thomas W. Geisbert
Summary: Nipah virus is an emerging highly lethal zoonotic disease that can be transmitted via respiratory droplets. A study has shown that a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine can rapidly protect monkeys from lethal Nipah virus infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Neeltje van Doremalen, Victoria A. A. Avanzato, Kerry Goldin, Friederike Feldmann, Jonathan E. E. Schulz, Elaine Haddock, Atsushi Okumura, Jamie Lovaglio, Patrick W. W. Hanley, Kathleen Cordova, Greg Saturday, Emmie de Wit, Teresa Lambe, Sarah C. C. Gilbert, Vincent J. J. Munster
Summary: ChAdOx1 NiV vaccine shows strong protection in the lethal African green monkey NiV challenge model, preventing virus replication and inducing a robust immune response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wang Xu, Shou-Wen Du, Le-Tian Li, Xiao-Shuang Shi, Jia-Min Wang, Ti-Yuan Li, Ning-Yi Jin, Chang Li
Summary: The study found that IFITM3 can promote NiV G and F protein-mediated virus entry into MDCK cells, and IFITM3 directly interacts with the F1 subunit of NiV F protein.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoyan Huang, Yaohui Li, Ruihua Li, Shaoyan Wang, Lu Yang, Shuyi Wang, Ying Yin, Xiaodong Zai, Jun Zhang, Junjie Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates that recombinant vaccine candidates using replication-defective adenovirus vector to deliver NiV attachment glycoprotein can effectively induce specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. The Ad5-NiVGe vaccine candidate elicited the strongest immune responses after a single-dose immunization. Additionally, a potent conserved T-cell epitope shared by NiV and HeV was identified, providing valuable information on HNVs-specific cellular immunity mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julien Cappelle, Neil Furey, Thavry Hoem, Tey Putita Ou, Thona Lim, Vibol Hul, Oudam Heng, Veronique Chevalier, Philippe Dussart, Veasna Duong
Summary: Recent studies have shown that coronaviruses are widely circulated in Southeast Asian bat species, with indications that the SARS-CoV-2 virus may have originated in rhinolophid bats in the region. The research from Cambodia indicates a correlation between positive coronavirus detections and juvenile and immature bats, suggesting seasonal patterns in CoV circulation. Long-term monitoring and understanding of bat ecology in Southeast Asia are needed for biodiversity conservation and public health reasons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Diego Cantoni, Martin Mayora-Neto, Mariliza Derveni, Kelly Da Costa, Joanne Del Rosario, Veronica O. Ameh, Claude T. Sabeta, Bethany Auld, Arran Hamlet, Ian M. Jones, Edward Wright, Simon D. Scott, Efstathios S. Giotis, Ashley C. Banyard, Nigel Temperton
Summary: This study conducted a serological survey of E. helvum fruit bats captured in Makurdi, Nigeria, and found neutralizing antibodies against known pathogenic viruses in these bats. These findings suggest a potential risk of zoonotic spillover from E. helvum fruit bats.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Virology
Said Mougari, Claudia Gonzalez, Olivier Reynard, Branka Horvat
Summary: Bats serve as natural hosts for many zoonotic viruses and have evolved mechanisms to tolerate and control viral infections, preventing both virus expansion and excessive immune response.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Griffin D. Haas, Benhur Lee
Summary: Global metagenomic surveys have shown that bats carry various types of paramyxoviruses from at least five major genera. The successful spillover of viruses into new hosts depends on receptor usage and compatibility of viral attachment proteins with their respective receptors. Postentry restrictions also play an important role in preventing spillover. Metagenomics and characterization of newly identified paramyxoviruses have greatly improved our understanding of spillover determinants, enabling better prediction of high-risk bat-borne viruses for cross-species transmission into humans.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhaoqian Wang, Ha Dang, Moushimi Amaya, Yan Xu, Randy Yin, Lianying Yan, Andrew C. Hickey, Edward J. Annand, Bethany A. Horsburgh, Peter A. Reid, Ina Smith, John-Sebastian Eden, Kai Xu, Christopher C. Broder, David Veesler
Summary: A new variant of Hendra virus, HeV-g2, with significant genetic divergence from the original strain, has been discovered in regions of Australia previously not considered at risk for HeV spillover. Despite the genetic differences, HeV-g2 retains similar receptor tropism and antigenic properties as the original strain. A tetravalent monoclonal antibody mixture has been formulated, capable of neutralizing both HeV and HeV-g2, providing a potential treatment option for HNV infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Wenjun Zhu, Bradley Pickering, Greg Smith, Mathieu Pinette, Thang Truong, Shawn Babiuk, Darwyn Kobasa, Logan Banadyga, Ming Yang
Summary: A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant NiV glycoprotein (G) was developed and evaluated for the detection of Nipah virus and Hendra virus. The cELISA showed comparable or better results than the commonly used plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), making it a suitable screening test for these viruses.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Thomas W. Geisbert, Kathryn Bobb, Viktoriya Borisevich, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross, Abhishek N. Prasad, Karla A. Fenton, Hao Yu, Timothy R. Fouts, Christopher C. Broder, Antony S. Dimitrov
Summary: A human subunit vaccine based on the attachment glycoprotein of Hendra virus was found to provide protection against both Nipah and Hendra viruses in a nonhuman primate model, starting as early as 7 days post immunization with a low dose. This vaccine could potentially serve as an efficient emergency tool to control the spread of Nipah disease during outbreaks.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Morgan J. Edwards, Christina R. Stanley, Charlotte A. Hosie, Sarah Richdon, Eluned Price, Dominic Wormell, Tessa E. Smith
Summary: This study developed a non-invasive hormone extraction procedure and faecal glucocorticoid assay to measure cortisol levels in P. livingstonii. The research revealed that lactating females, males, and older bats had higher cortisol levels. It also found that individuals with positive relationships had lower cortisol levels, while individuals linked to social groups had higher than average cortisol levels. Additionally, the frequency of vocalisation in males was positively correlated with cortisol concentration.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Arinze Luke Ozioko, Remigius Okeke Aja, Sunday Igwe Scott Abang, William Atokolo, Queeneth Ojoma Ahman, Godwin C. E. Mbah
Summary: We proposed a model to investigate the transmission of NiV from pigs to humans and humans to humans. The study focused on the impact of a combination vaccine and condom use as control measures. The model's basic characteristics were derived in a biologically realistic setting, and the basic reproduction number was determined to analyze the local and global behavior of the model's equilibria. Vaccination and condom use were found to effectively reduce the spread of Nipah virus, and asymptomatic carriers were identified as the most infectious individuals to target. Numerical simulations were conducted to verify the findings.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE-JMCS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kazuki Takeda, Kosuke Manago, Ayuko Morita, Yusuke K. Kawai, Nobuaki Yasuo, Masakazu Sekijima, Yoshinori Ikenaka, Takuma Hashimoto, Ryuichi Minato, Yusuke Oyamada, Kazuo Horikoshi, Hajime Suzuki, Mayumi Ishizuka, Shouta M. M. Nakayama
Summary: This study examined the sensitivity of the Bonin fruit bat to anticoagulant rodenticides and found that they are sensitive to diphacinone but relatively resistant to warfarin.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yadav Pragya, Mohandas Sreelekshmy, Prasad Sarkale, Dimpal Nyayanit, Anita Shete, Rima Sahay, Varsha Potdar, Shrikant Baradkar, Nivedita Gupta, Gajanan Sapkal, Priya Abraham, Samiran Panda, Balram Bhargava
Summary: A variant known as B.1.1.28.2 has been identified from international travelers returning to India from the United Kingdom and Brazil. In a hamster model, the B.1.1.28.2 variant caused weight loss, viral replication in the respiratory tract, and severe lung pathology compared to the B.1 variant. Furthermore, sera from hamsters infected with B.1.1.28.2 efficiently neutralized the D614G variant virus, while a 6-fold reduction in neutralization was observed in sera from hamsters infected with the D614G variant against the B.1.1.28.2 variant.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Pragya D. Yadav, Nivedita Gupta, Varsha Potdar, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Rima R. Sahay, Prasad Sarkale, Anita M. Shete, Alpana Razdan, Deepak Y. Patil, Dimpal A. Nyayanit, Yash Joshi, Savita Patil, Triparna Majumdar, Hitesh Dighe, Bharti Malhotra, Jayanthi Shastri, Priya Abraham
Summary: Due to the failure of virus isolation in Vero CCL-81 cells, an in vivo and subsequent in vitro approach were used to isolate the Omicron variant. The virus was successfully isolated from hamster specimens and showed high viral load and cytopathic effects in infected cells. Genome analysis revealed mutations in different host species.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Pragya D. Yadav, Aravind Reghukumar, Rima R. Sahay, K. Sudeep, Anita M. Shete, Aruna Raman, V. K. Pramod, Priya Abraham, Reshma Benson, S. M. Sarin, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Deepak Y. Patil, Abhinendra Kumar, Nivedita Gupta, Anuja Elizabeth George, Neetu Vijay, U. Anuja, Manjusree Suresh, A. Ramiz Raja, Gajanan N. Sapkal, Manasi Ravindranath, Sreenath Sreenivasan, Preethi James, M. K. Shaj
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Anita M. Shete, Pragya D. Yadav, Abhinendra Kumar, Savita Patil, Deepak Y. Patil, Yash Joshi, Triparna Majumdar, Vineet Relhan, Rima R. Sahay, Meenakshy Vasu, Pranita Gawande, Ajay Verma, Arbind Kumar, Shivram Dhakad, Anukumar Bala Krishnan, Shubin Chenayil, Suresh Kumar, Priya Abraham
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Vineet Relhan, Rima R. Sahay, Anita M. Shete, Pragya D. Yadav, Bijaylaxmi Sahoo, Deepak Y. Patil, Suresh Kumar, Kannan Sabarinath Premachandran Syamaladevi, Lalit Dar, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Priya Abraham
Summary: This study describes the clinical and demographic characteristics of five confirmed cases of monkeypox in New Delhi, India, without international travel history. The study examines the viral load and clearance kinetics in various samples and highlights the underdiagnosed monkeypox infection in the community. The findings emphasize the importance of active surveillance in high-risk populations.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Rima R. Sahay, Deepak Y. Patil, Gajanan N. Sapkal, Anita M. Shete, Pragya D. Yadav
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Pragya D. Yadav, Sanjay Kumar, Kshitij Agarwal, Mukul Jain, Dilip R. Patil, Kapil Maithal, Basavaraj Mathapati, Suresh Giri, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Anita Shete, Gajanan Sapkal, Deepak Y. Patil, Ayan Dey, Harish Chandra, Gururaj Deshpande, Nivedita Gupta, Priya Abraham, Himanshu Kaushal, Rima R. Sahay, Anuradha Tripathy, Dimpal Nyayanit, Rajlaxmi Jain, Abhimanyu Kumar, Prasad Sarkale, Shreekant Baradkar, Chozhavel Rajanathan, Hari Prasad Raju, Satish Patel, Niraj Shah, Pankaj Dwivedi, Dharmendra Singh
Summary: The development of a needle-free injection system (NFIS) has addressed concerns about injection site pain, bloodborne pathogen transmission, and mass immunization. This study evaluated the efficacy of NFIS and needle injection system (NIS) for delivering the DNA vaccine candidate ZyCoV-D in rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that the 2 mg dose delivered by NFIS induced significant IgG and neutralizing antibody titers, with further increases after virus challenge. NFIS also stimulated increased lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine response. This study demonstrated the efficiency of NFIS in delivering the 2 mg ZyCoV-D vaccine candidate.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Pragya D. Yadav, Meenakshy Vasu, Fazil Abubaker, Rima R. Sahay, Aravind Reghukumar, Anukumar Bala Krishnan, Kavya Prabha, Asha Konipparambil Papu, Lakshmi Geetha Gopalakrishnan, Nizamuddin Mundangalam, Aboobaker Siddiq, Deepak Y. Patil, Anita M. Shete, Priya Abraham, Anoop Rajendra Prasad, Anoop Thavakara Koolothuvalappil, Kavya Karunakaran
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Anita Shete, Prasad Sarkale, Abhinendra Kumar, Chandrasekhar Mote, Pragya Yadav
Summary: Nipah virus (NiV) is a high-risk pathogen that can cause fatal infections in humans. The Indian isolate from the 2018 outbreak showed a 4% difference from the Bangladesh strains of NiV, mostly in the phosphoprotein gene. Infection in Vero and BHK-21 cells resulted in differential expression of viral genes, while intraperitoneal and intranasal infection in Syrian hamsters led to multisystemic disease and respiratory tract infection, respectively. The hamster model showed disease characteristics similar to human NiV infection. The amino acid variation in the Indian isolate should be further studied for its functional significance.
Article
Microbiology
Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Anita Shete, Abhimanyu Kumar, Kundan Wakchaure, Vishal Rai, Chandrasekhar Mote, Hitesh Dighe, Prasad Sarkale, Pranita Gawande, Jyoti Yemul, Annasaheb Suryawanshi, Yash Joshi, Pragya D. Yadav
Summary: The Omicron variant is continuously evolving into several sub variants, but information about their characteristics is limited. In this study, the pathogenicity of Omicron sub variants BA.2.12, BA.5.2, and XBB.1 was evaluated in a Syrian hamster model, comparing them to the Delta variant. The results showed that the BA.2.12, BA.5.2, and XBB.1 variants caused less severe effects on body weight, inflammatory response, and pneumonia compared to the Delta variant. Additionally, the BA.2.12 and XBB.1 variants exhibited lower viral shedding in the upper respiratory tract, while the BA.5.2 variant had similar viral RNA shedding as the Delta variant. Overall, the Omicron sub variants studied showed less disease severity than the Delta variant. The evolving Omicron sub variants and recombinants should be monitored for their properties.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dilip R. Patil, Anita M. Shete, Pragya D. Yadav, Gajanan N. Sapkal, Gururaj R. Deshpande, Himanshu Kaushal, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Siddharam Fulari, Rajlaxmi Jain, Ajay Kumar, Priya Abraham
Summary: Studying the immune response in older rhesus macaques to COVID-19 vaccination provides insights into the effectiveness of vaccines against emerging variants. The study found that a three-dose regimen of BBV152 vaccine enhanced antibody response and maintained cellular immunity even a year after vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Virology
Anita M. Shete, Deepak Y. Patil, Rajlaxmi Jain, Rima R. Sahay, Shubin Chenayil, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Pragya D. Yadav
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ashok Munivenkatappa, Dimpal Nyayanit, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Asia Luwang, Anita Shete, H. Hanumaiah, Devendra Mourya, Pragya Yadav
Summary: The complete genome sequence of EV-B88 was identified and reported from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in India using next-generation sequencing technique. The EV-B88 sequences retrieved in this study showed 83% similarity to the EV-B88 isolate from Bangladesh in 2001. Recombination events with echovirus-18 and echovirus-30 were observed in these EV-B88 isolates. This study increases the awareness about EV-B88 in India and highlights the need for further identification studies of other types of EV in India.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ashok Munivenkatappa, Pragya D. Yadav, Rima R. Sahay, S. K. Kiran, Anita M. Shete, Deepak Y. Patil, Sreelekshmy Mohandas, Rajlaxmi Jain, Savita Patil, Diamond P. Sinha, Manjunatha M. Jayaswamy
Summary: This study investigated suspected human cases of Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) in Karnataka state, India from December 2018 to June 2019. It found endemicity of KFD in many districts and confirmed the presence of KFDV for the first time in two new districts, i.e. Hassan and Mysore. The study also analyzed the KFDV infection among vaccinated and non-vaccinated populations, finding insignificant differences.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)