Article
Environmental Sciences
Karin Yaniv, Eden Ozer, Marilou Shagan, Satish Lakkakula, Noam Plotkin, Nikhil Suresh Bhandarkar, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: Less than a year after the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, variants of concern like Alpha (B.1.1.7, the British variant) and Beta (B.1.351, the South Africa variant) have emerged, prompting the development of improved primers-probe sets for rapid and cost-effective detection of these variants. These new primer-probe sets have been successfully utilized in wastewater samples to detect and quantify new variants before official medical testing reports, enabling better pandemic containment responses.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolae Sapoval, Yunxi Liu, Esther G. G. Lou, Loren Hopkins, Katherine B. Ensor, Rebecca Schneider, Lauren B. Stadler, Todd J. Treangen
Summary: Sapoval et al. present QuaID, a novel bioinformatics tool for detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants based on quasi-unique mutations. QuaID leverages all mutations, including insertions and deletions, to accurately detect variants early in their spread. Wastewater monitoring is crucial for surveillance on the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns in communities, especially as clinical testing declines.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Liang Wang, Xavier Didelot, Yuhai Bi, George F. Gao
Summary: Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several variants of concern with increased transmissibility have been reported. Current vaccines only provide partial protection against infection and onward transmission. Through phylogenetic analysis and epidemiological modeling, researchers found that lineage B had significantly higher transmissibility than lineage A and played a major role in the global pandemic. The probability of onward transmission from vaccinated individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 VOCs was slightly lower but not significantly different from unvaccinated individuals. Tailoring prevention strategies should consider both VOCs and exponentially growing lineages in each country. One dose of vaccination alone cannot efficiently prevent the onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs, and nonpharmaceutical interventions should still be implemented during the vaccination period.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa H. Tostanoski, Jingyou Yu, Noe B. Mercado, Katherine McMahan, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Amanda J. Martinot, Cesar Piedra-Mora, Tochi Anioke, Aiquan Chang, Victoria M. Giffin, David L. Hope, Huahua Wan, Esther A. Bondzie, Shant H. Mahrokhian, Linda M. Wrijil, Katherine Bauer, Laurent Pessaint, Maciel Porto, Joseph Piegols, Andrew Faudree, Brittany Spence, Swagata Kar, Fatima Amanat, Florian Krammer, Hanne Andersen, Mark G. Lewis, Frank Wegmann, Roland Zahn, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study explored how mutations in spike proteins of different SARS-CoV-2 variants affect natural and vaccine-induced immunity, finding that primary infection with the WA1/2020 strain provided strong protection, while antibodies induced by the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine showed reduced neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 strain but still offered effective protection.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manash Jyoti Kalita, Kalpajit Dutta, Gautam Hazarika, Ridip Dutta, Simanta Kalita, Partha Pratim Das, Manash P. Sarma, Sofia Banu, Md. Ghaznavi Idris, Anjan Jyoti Talukdar, Sangitanjan Dutta, Ajanta Sharma, Subhash Medhi
Summary: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact the world, the development of a cost-effective and efficient multiplex PCR detection assay for the virus has shown promising results. The study demonstrated rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 using innovative PCR techniques, with results comparable to commercially available kits. The novel approach has the potential for extended commercial applicability and offers a practical solution for resource-limited settings.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Losada, Carla Rico-Luna, Alvaro Otero-Sobrino, Andrea Molero-Salinas, Sergio Buenestado-Serrano, Ana Candela, Laura Perez-Lago, Patricia Munoz, Pilar Catalan, Dario Garcia de Viedma
Summary: The study suggests that prescreening RT-PCRs should target a wider set of mutations, instead of single mutations, for improved accuracy in detection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peifang Sun, Irene Ramos, Camila H. Coelho, Alba Grifoni, Corey A. Balinsky, Sindhu Vangeti, Alison Tarke, Nathaniel I. Bloom, Vihasi Jani, Silvia J. Jakubski, David A. Boulifard, Elizabeth Cooper, Carl W. Goforth, Jan Marayag, Amethyst Marrone, Edgar Nunez, Lindsey White, Chad K. Porter, Victor A. Sugiharto, Megan Schilling, S. Avinash, S. Mahajan, Charmagne Beckett, Alessandro Sette, Stuart C. Sealfon, Shane Crotty, Andrew G. Letizia
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined the immune responses of 18-21-year-old Marines who had previously been infected with SARS-CoV-2, including the Omicron variant. The results showed that vaccination significantly enhanced the immune responses of previously infected individuals, including the recognition of Omicron, compared to those who were infected but not vaccinated. Additionally, there were no significant differences in immune memory for ancestral or variant strains among young adults with previous symptomatic or asymptomatic infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wan Yang, Jeffrey Shaman
Summary: The study developed a model inference system to estimate the transmissibility and immune escape properties of three SARS-CoV-2 variants, finding that certain variants have higher transmissibility and immune escape potential, suggesting the importance of continued prevention measures to control the spread of these variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Aline Miranda Scovino, Elizabeth Chen Dahab, Gustavo Fioravanti Vieira, Leonardo Freire-de-Lima, Celio Geraldo Freire-de-Lima, Alexandre Morrot
Summary: The variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, have mutations in the spike protein that can affect the virus's characteristics, such as its ability to bind to host cells, transmissibility, and immune evasion. Ongoing genetic monitoring of the pandemic coronavirus is crucial to identify potential new variants that can bypass host defenses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Courtney Voss, Sally Esmail, Xuguang Liu, Michael J. Knauer, Suzanne Ackloo, Tomonori Kaneko, Lori Lowes, Peter Stogios, Almagul Seitova, Ashley Hutchinson, Farhad Yusifov, Tatiana Skarina, Elena Evdokimova, Peter Loppnau, Pegah Ghiabi, Taraneh Haijan, Shanshan Zhong, Husam Abdoh, Benjamin D. Hedley, Vipin Bhayana, Claudio M. Martin, Marat Slessarev, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Douglas D. Fraser, Ian Chin-Yee, Shawn S. C. Li
Summary: This study identified linear epitopes from SARS-CoV-2 proteins and demonstrated their ability to provide higher resolution antibody profiling compared to traditional antigens. The antibody responses to specific epitopes were found to be correlated with clinical severity and patient survival. Additionally, mutations in the coronavirus variant B.1.1.7 were shown to alter the specificity of corresponding epitopes.
Article
Immunology
Juan Shi, Gang Wang, Jian Zheng, Abhishek K. Verma, Xiaoqing Guan, Moffat M. Malisheni, Qibin Geng, Fang Li, Stanley Perlman, Lanying Du
Summary: This study evaluated the neutralizing activity and protection provided by a BA1-S subunit vaccine in combination with or as a booster dose after administration of wild-type S protein. The results showed that the vaccine elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies and provided protection against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and related coronaviruses. This provides useful guidance for developing effective vaccines to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Svetlova, Dmitry Gustin, Valentin Manuvera, Dmitriy Shirokov, Varvara Shokina, Kirill Prusakov, Konstantin Aldarov, Daria Kharlampieva, Daria Matyushkina, Julia Bespyatykh, Anna Varizhuk, Vassili Lazarev, Tatiana Vedekhina
Summary: Mutations in surface proteins of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants may weaken vaccine immunity, prompting the development of a multiplex protein microarray system for rapid antibody profiling. The study found significant differences in antibody levels induced by different vaccines, with minimal impact on blood clotting, and demonstrated the relative potency of vaccines against new variants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Arijit Reeves, Wasim Akram Shaikh, Sukalyan Chakraborty, Punarbasu Chaudhuri, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Jyoti Prakash Maity
Summary: Given the current COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, it is crucial to understand the different pathways of transmission. This review explores the potential transmission of the virus through microplastics in sewage, in addition to contact and aerosol transmission. Wastewater-based studies have confirmed the presence and persistence of the virus in both influent and treated sewage. The hypothesis is that the release of microplastics into open waters from sewage can provide a substrate for microbes, contributing to the formation of viral plastispheres.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Floriana Bonura, Dario Genovese, Emanuele Amodio, Giuseppe Calamusa, Giuseppa Luisa Sanfilippo, Federica Cacioppo, Giovanni Maurizio Giammanco, Simona De Grazia, Donatella Ferraro
Summary: In this study, the humoral protective response against SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in Italy was evaluated using in vitro live virus neutralization assay. The results showed that both vaccine-induced and naturally induced neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs) had higher titers against B.1 and Alpha variants, while lower titers were detected against Delta, Gamma, and Omicron variants. In comparison, vaccinees had significantly higher NtAb titers than COVID-19+ individuals, except for the Omicron variant. The two-dose vaccination induced a sustained antibody response against each analyzed variant, except for Omicron, which highlighted the need for new vaccines to address the ongoing pandemic.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leo Heijnen, Goffe Elsinga, Miranda de Graaf, Richard Molenkamp, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Gertjan Medema
Summary: Wastewater surveillance using RT-ddPCR for specific detection of the N501Y mutation in SARS-CoV-2 variants has proven to be an effective tool in monitoring the trends and spread of COVID-19 variants in the community, supporting public health decision-making for control measures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Itay Bar-Or, Karin Yaniv, Marilou Shagan, Eden Ozer, Merav Weil, Victoria Indenbaum, Michal Elul, Oran Erster, Ella Mendelson, Batya Mannasse, Rachel Shirazi, Esti Kramarsky-Winter, Oded Nir, Hala Abu-Ali, Zeev Ronen, Ehud Rinott, Yair E. Lewis, Eran Friedler, Eden Bitkover, Yossi Paitan, Yakir Berchenko, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: SARS-CoV-2, an RNA virus, has had a significant impact on affected countries' healthcare systems, economies, and societies in the past 8 months. Wastewater monitoring may serve as an efficient tool for epidemiological surveillance of the virus in large populations.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Feihu Wang, Hao Huang, Karin Yaniv, Ariel Kushmaro, Roy Bernstein
Summary: This study systematically investigates the self-assembly of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide on the surface of porous polymers and explores their potential applications for surface modification. The research shows that micropatterned graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with adjustable morphologies can be easily obtained on polymeric surfaces, altering the surface properties and giving the polymers various potential applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Karina Golberg, Victor Markus, Bat-el Kagan, Sigalit Barzanizan, Karin Yaniv, Kerem Terali, Esti Kramarsky-Winter, Robert S. Marks, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance, particularly antibacterial resistance, is a major global health problem. Current treatments for bacterial diseases are ineffective due to protective and resistant biofilm structures. This study investigates the anti-virulence activity of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), a phytochemical, and finds that it has anti-biofilm activity against major Gram-negative pathogens. Combining DIM with an antibiotic enhances its inhibition of biofilm formation. The study also reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial response to DIM, providing evidence for its potential in attenuating bacterial virulence.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karin Yaniv, Eden Ozer, Marilou Shagan, Yossi Paitan, Rony Granek, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: This paper discusses the spread of the new variant of concern, Omicron, and its impact on the Delta variant. Wastewater testing revealed the cryptic circulation of the Delta variant. The use of wastewater-based epidemiology is recommended for pandemic containment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Laura Rabbachin, Guadalupe Pinar, Irit Nir, Ariel Kushmaro, Mariela J. Pavan, Elisabeth Eitenberger, Monika Waldherr, Alexandra Graf, Katja Sterflinger
Summary: This study aimed to explore the factors involved in the degradation of petroglyph sites in the Negev desert of Israel, with a particular focus on biodegradation processes. Microbiological characterization of the samples revealed the dominance of bacterial communities with resistance to radiation and desiccation. Chemical analysis identified the composition of the stone and the dark crust, and carotenoids indicative of biological colonization were found. Microscopy and analysis confirmed patterns of weathering associated with biodeteriorative microorganisms.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lakkakula Satish, Hana Barak, Guy Keren, Galit Yehezkel, Ariel Kushmaro, Eitan Ben-Dov, Varda Kagan-Zur, Ze'ev Barak, Yaron Sitrit
Summary: This study characterizes the bacterial community associated with the desert truffle and its host plant, revealing differences in bacterial composition between fruit bodies, roots, and rhizosphere. The rhizosphere and roots had a higher bacterial species diversity compared to the fruit body. The core microbiome identified plays important roles in supporting plant growth and fruit body development.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pia Ramos, Einat Chetrit, Nofar Yehuda, David Kogan, Yu Miao, Einat Nativ-Roth, Ariel Kushmaro, Ronen Berkovich, Shaily Mahendra, Moshe Gottlieb
Summary: Chitosan hydrogels are widely used in many industries for their versatility and antimicrobial properties. However, their limitations arise from poor mechanical properties and the need to use toxic compounds during fabrication. This study synthesized a soluble and antimicrobial chitosan derivative (HTCC) and compared different crosslinking agents' effects on hydrogel formation. The addition of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) improved the mechanical properties and the release of Ag ions effectively inhibited the growth of various bacteria.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Willmann, Anna-Lena Trautmann, Ariel Kushmaro, Andreas Tiehm
Summary: This study investigated the degradation potential of trichloroethene (TCE) and the effectiveness of bioaugmentation in stimulating TCE degradation in groundwater samples from different contaminated sites. The results showed that the supply of oxygen stimulated aerobic degradation of TCE, and bioaugmentation effectively enhanced TCE degradation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor Markus, Abraham Abbey Paul, Kerem Terali, Nazmi Ozer, Robert S. Marks, Karina Golberg, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: An imbalance in gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, can affect host health and lead to diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, depression, and autism. The inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) by artificial sweeteners has been found to contribute to this dysbiosis. QS is a communication system mediated by small molecules, called autoinducers (AIs), which enable bacteria to interact and coordinate their gene expression. AIs play a role in maintaining the equilibrium of gut microbiota and interference in QS can disrupt this balance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yifat Baruch, Karina Golberg, Qun Sun, Karina Yew-Hoong Gin, Robert S. Marks, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: This study tested the effect of a natural compound called 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on the biofilm of the oral bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The results showed that DIM was able to reduce the formation of S. mutans biofilm and decrease its durability under acidic conditions. This suggests that DIM has potential in reducing biofilm formation and preventing dental caries.
Article
Virology
Michal Liddor Naim, Yu Fu, Marilou Shagan, Itay Bar-Or, Robert Marks, Qun Sun, Rony Granek, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Continuous virus mutations have led to the emergence of new variants. This study demonstrates the potential of wastewater-based epidemiology as a valuable tool for future pandemics, as it enables early detection of potential outbreaks and provides insights into variant dynamics.
Article
Microbiology
Hana Barak, Naomi Fuchs, Michal Liddor-Naim, Irit Nir, Alex Sivan, Ariel Kushmaro
Summary: Microbial dark matter (MDM), representing uncultured microorganisms, plays an important role in the diversity of microbial ecosystems. By analyzing 16S rRNA gene sequences, potential unknown bacteria were identified and a comprehensive phylogenetic tree was constructed to reveal new candidate phyla and other lineages. This study highlights the significant importance of MDM in environmental metataxonomic analyses and provides a simple method for the examination of MDM hidden behind amplicon sequencing results.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Water Resources
Esti Kramarsky-Winter, Karin Yaniv, Ariel Kushmaro
FRONTIERS IN WATER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rong-Gui Zhu, Chang-Gui Pan, Feng-Jiao Peng, Chao-Yang Zhou, Jun-Jie Hu, Kefu Yu
Summary: This comprehensive survey investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and trophic magnification of parabens and their metabolite 4-HB in a marine food web. Results showed that parabens were the predominant pollutants in marine organisms, with significant bioaccumulation from sediments. The estimated trophic magnification factor indicated biomagnification for MeP and trophic dilution for 4-HB. Overall, the risks for humans consuming marine organisms were found to be low.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andres F. Torres-Franco, Deborah Leroy-Freitas, Cristina Martinez-Fraile, Elisa Rodriguez, Pedro A. Garcia-Encina, Raul Munoz
Summary: Anaerobic and microalgae-based technologies have emerged as sustainable alternatives for municipal wastewater treatment. However, the presence of viruses in the treated wastewater is a major concern for reuse applications. This study assessed the ability of these technologies to reduce viruses during secondary wastewater treatment. The results showed that all technologies were effective in reducing the concentration of viruses, with microalgae-based treatment exhibiting the highest potential for reducing the disinfection requirements of treated wastewater.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Young Gwang Kim, Sae Yun Kwon, Spencer J. Washburn, Scott C. Brooks, Ji Won Yoon, Lucien Besnard
Summary: The study uses Hg isotope ratios to identify the sources and exposure pathways of mercury in bivalves, finding that dissolved Hg phases in the water column are the primary source and exposure pathway to bivalves. This provides new insights into using bivalves as bioindicators for sediment quality monitoring.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hui Geng, Ying Xu, Rui Liu, Dianhai Yang, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of cation exchange resin (CER) on the sequential recovery of hydrogen and methane from anaerobic digestion (AD) and the corresponding mechanisms. The results show that CER can simultaneously enhance the production of hydrogen and methane by promoting the solubilisation, hydrolysis, and acidification of organic matter. Additionally, CER facilitates effective contact between bacteria and organic particulates and reduces the energy barrier for mass transfer during methane production. The study also reveals changes in the microbial community structure and metagenomics during the AD process.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Lin, Zhan Jin, Shunfeng Jiang, Zhiquan Wang, Suqing Wu, Ke Bei, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng
Summary: Dehumidification combined with addition of absorbent resin supplement (ARS) was used to achieve rapid evaporation of non-pretreated urine, resulting in high water evaporation efficiency and nutrient recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangli Che, Chaoran Lin, Shen Li, Jiao Liu, Longhai Zhu, Shilei Yu, Nan Wang, Haoshuai Li, Mutai Bao, Yang Zhou, Tonghao Si, Rui Bao
Summary: Hydrodynamic processes play a crucial role in the transmission of sediments, microbial assembly, and organic carbon redistribution in the ocean. Through experiments and analysis, we found that hydrodynamics shape the assembly of microbial communities and control the redistribution of different sourced organic carbon, thereby influencing microbial-mediated biogeochemical transformation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Chen, Yu Yang, Nigel J. D. Graham, Zhenyu Li, Xingtao Yang, Zhining Wang, Nadia Farhat, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Li -an Hou
Summary: The fouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes is a persistent challenge in desalination. This study monitored the operational performance of a desalination plant for 7 years and the fouling development in different areas of membrane modules. The findings showed that operational performance declined over time and fouling mainly occurred at the feed side of the modules, with the highest microbial diversity. Keystone species like Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes played an important role in maintaining community structure and biofilm maturation. Polysaccharides, soluble microbial products, marine humic acid-like substances, and inorganic substances contributed to fouling. Overall, biofouling had a significant impact on membrane fouling after 7 years of operation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dan Li, Jieyi Sun, Yibo Fu, Wentao Hong, Heli Wang, Qian Yang, Junhong Wu, Sen Yang, Jianhui Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Yirong Deng, Yin Zhong, Ping'an Peng
Summary: Sulfidation-oxidation treatment of magnetite (Fe3O4) enhances the production of dark center dot OH, which can efficiently degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM) and accelerate carbon cycling.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Yu, Kaijun Wang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Ruiyang Liu, Pingping Zheng
Summary: This study implemented a microaerobic-aerobic configuration in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment facility and investigated the effects on sludge characteristics, pollutant removal, microbial community, and granulation mechanisms. The results showed successful transition from flocculent-activated sludge to well-defined AGS after two months of operation. The primary pathways for pollutant removal were simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. Moreover, the incorporation of internal separators induced shifts in the flow pattern, which promoted granulation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Zhang, Shaoyang Hu, Guangrong Sun, Wei Wang
Summary: Halogenated aromatic disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as halogenated phenols, have garnered widespread attention due to their high toxicity and prevalence. This study reports on the analysis, occurrence, and cytotoxicity of a group of emerging halogenated aromatic DBPs, known as halogenated polyhydroxyphenols (HPPs), in drinking water.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shengyue Chen, Jinliang Huang, Peng Wang, Xi Tang, Zhenyu Zhang
Summary: Accurate prediction of river water quality is crucial for sustainable water management. This study introduces wavelet analysis and transfer learning techniques to assist LSTM modeling, proposing a newly coupled modeling approach that improves short-term prediction of river water quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bang Du, Xinmin Zhan, Piet N. L. Lens, Yifeng Zhang, Guangxue Wu
Summary: Efficient anaerobic digestion relies on the cooperation of different microorganisms with different metabolic pathways. This study investigated the effects of different operational modes and the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ethanol metabolic pathways. The results showed that the SBR mode and the presence of CO2 facilitated ethanol metabolism towards propionate production, while the CFR mode with extended solids retention time enriched Geobacter. Adjusting operational modes and PAC addition can modulate anaerobic ethanol metabolism and enrich Geobacter.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wanfa Wang, Si-Liang Li, Jun Zhong, Yuanbi Yi, Fujun Yue, Zenglei Han, Qixin Wu, Ding He, Cong-Qiang Liu
Summary: This study compares the carbon biogeochemical processes in karst and non-karst regions within large thermal stratified river-reservoir systems. The results demonstrate that karst reservoirs have a reduced potential for carbon emissions and highlight the importance of considering geologic settings to improve accuracy in regional and global CO2 emission estimates.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunxia Jiang, Zelong Zhao, Dong Zhu, Xiong Pan, Yuyi Yang
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different environmental media of the Yangtze River using metagenomics. Core resistome dominated by multidrug resistance genes was found in all samples, while rare resistome dominated by various resistance genes was more prevalent in plasmids. Specific bacteria were identified as hosts for both core and rare resistomes, with high clinical concern ARGs found in the rare resistome. Particle-associated environment provided the most ideal conditions for resistome hosts. This study provided insights into the genetic locations of ARGs and the community assembly mechanisms of ARG hosts in freshwater environments.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Zhang, Yongtao He, Linchun Jia, Lei Xu, Zheng Wang, Yueling He, Ling Xiong, Xumeng Lin, Hong Chen, Gang Xue
Summary: By synergizing organic carbon source, thiosulfate, and zero-valent iron, efficient mixotrophic denitrification of oligotrophic secondary effluent can be achieved. Thiosulfate plays a vital role in promoting TN removal efficiency, while corrosion of Fe0 releases OH- to neutralize H+ from thiosulfate-driven denitrification, creating a suitable environment for denitrification. The coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintains the dominance of Thiobacillus for denitrification.