Article
Behavioral Sciences
Archana Durairaja, Ceylan-Scarlett Steinecke, Markus Fendt
Summary: The study found that orexin 1 receptor antagonist impairs cognitive flexibility in a sex-dependent manner, affecting females more than males. Consumption of the reward used in the ASST was not affected by the antagonist, indicating a specific impact on cognitive flexibility rather than reward response.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akira Mizoguchi, Ryoichi Banno, Runan Sun, Hiroshi Yaginuma, Keigo Taki, Tomoko Kobayashi, Mariko Sugiyama, Taku Tsunekawa, Takeshi Onoue, Hiroshi Takagi, Daisuke Hagiwara, Yoshihiro Ito, Shintaro Iwama, Hidetaka Suga, Taku Nagai, Kiyofumi Yamada, Hiroshi Arima
Summary: This study investigated the role of glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the reward system on the rewarding value of a high-fat diet under restricted caloric stress. Results showed that mice lacking functional GRs in dopaminergic neurons did not exhibit a preference for HFD, in contrast to corticostriatal neuron knockout mice and wild-type mice.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez, Florence P. Varodayan, Reesha R. Patel, Jessica M. Illenberger, Francesca Di Ottavio, Marisa Roberto, Remi Martin-Fardon
Summary: Chronic alcohol use dysregulates stress responsivity, making individuals vulnerable to relapse. This study found that the OX1/2 receptor in the infralimbic cortex plays a significant role in stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior. Using the OX1/2 antagonist TCS 1102 can prevent reinstatement in alcohol-dependent animals.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Saeedeh Nasrollahi, Sara Karimi, Gholamali Hamidi, Monireh Naderitehrani, Alireza Abed
Summary: This study explored the interaction of olanzapine (OLZ) with the orexinergic receptor 1 in the AcbS on effort-related high reward choice. The results showed that OLZ administration in the AcbS altered rat's preference for high reward, while blocking of the OX1R could reverse the effect of OLZ. In contrast, administration of the OX1R antagonist alone led to a decrease in rat's preference for high reward, suggesting that orexin-1 antagonist may affect the effects of antipsychotic drugs.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Naghmeh Saadati, Maryam Bananej, Fatemeh Khakpai, Mohammad -Reza Zarrindast, Hengameh Alibeik
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of co-treatment of orexin agents and citalopram on depression-like behavior and BDNF expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of sleep-deprived male mice. It was found that sleep deprivation increased depression-like behavior while decreasing BDNF expression. Citalopram showed an antidepressant effect, which was potentiated by an orexin antagonist and reversed by orexin-1. The study suggests that the orexin system interacts with citalopram to modulate depression-like behavior in sleep-deprived mice.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hiroki Kawashima, Yuri Aono, Yuriko Watanabe, John L. Waddington, Tadashi Saigusa
Summary: This study demonstrates that accumbal OX2 receptors, not OX1 receptors, inhibit basal dopamine efflux, while blocking OX2 receptors increases dopamine efflux. OX1 receptors have no effect on dopamine efflux.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jieting Kong, Shengli Gao, Xiaoman He, Nana Zhang, Jinfang Huang, Pengfei Ji, Shouheng Yao, Xiang Ren, Yiru Wang, Yanling Gong, Feifei Guo
Summary: The study found that the NAcSh-LHA neural pathway regulates palatable food intake in diet-induced obesity rats by affecting the expression of orexin-A in the lateral hypothalamus.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bin Li, Leilei Chang, Xiaochun Peng
Summary: Orexin, mainly synthesized in the lateral hypothalamus/perifornical area, is implicated in feeding, sleep-wake cycles, and reward. Activation of OX2R in the NAc shell has been found to play a role in regulating acute stress-induced anxiety, suggesting OX2R antagonist as a potential treatment for anxiety disorders.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Brancato, Valentina Castelli, Gianluca Lavanco, Giuseppe Tringali, Vincenzo Micale, Martin Kuchar, Cesare D'Amico, Giuseppe Pizzolanti, Salvatore Feo, Carla Cannizzaro
Summary: Binge alcohol consumption among adolescents can have long-lasting effects on the neural networks in NAc and stress processing, leading to decreased sensitivity to positive stimuli and dysfunctional stress-axis functionality. Cannabidiol shows promise in counteracting the harmful effects of alcohol, reducing negative behaviors and adjusting neuroplasticity.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Imre Kallo, Azar Omrani, Frank J. Meye, Han de Jong, Zsolt Liposits, Roger A. H. Adan
Summary: Orexin neurons play a role in homeostatic regulatory processes and provide input to VTA, a central hub processing reward and motivation. This study found that the VTA neurons projecting to the mNAcs receive more input from orexin neurons compared to those projecting to the mPFC. Orexin exerts facilitatory effects on both clusters of dopamine neurons.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Joanna B. Thompson, Shannon E. Conrad, Julia L. Peterman, Mauricio R. Papini
Summary: The experiments demonstrated that 66% alcohol can be used to reinforce operant behavior in rats, with the reinforcing effects not depending on the pharmacological effects of alcohol. The desire for high concentrations of alcohol in animals can be enhanced, although the effects were not significant.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fateme Khodabande, Esmaeil Akbari, Motahareh Rouhi Ardeshiri
Summary: The orexin 1 receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus play a significant role in the consolidation of spatial reference memory in rats, while the orexin 2 receptors do not have an effect.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna K. Radke, Elizabeth A. Sneddon, Raizel M. Frasier, Frederic W. Hopf
Summary: Alcohol use disorder remains a significant social, health, and economic issue, with levels of problem drinking in women on the rise recently. Exploring the underlying mechanisms that drive drinking behaviors differently in males and females is crucial for developing more targeted therapeutic treatments. Research has shown similarities and differences in alcohol drinking patterns between the sexes, highlighting the importance of studying female and male mechanisms to gain a comprehensive understanding of addiction and treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Haleh Amirteymori, Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi, Mahboobeh Mirmohammadi, Maryam Majidinezhad, Elahe Khosrowabadi, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: This study investigates the role of the hypocretin/orexin system in treating psychostimulant addiction. The findings suggest that modulation of this system has therapeutic potential in the extinction and reinstatement of Meth-induced conditioned place preference.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kolter Grigsby, Courtney Ledford, Tanvi Batish, Snigdha Kanadibhotla, Delaney Smith, Evan Firsick, Alexander Tran, Kayla Townsley, Kaylee-Abril Vasquez Reyes, Katherine LeBlanc, Angela Ozburn
Summary: Previous studies have shown that circadian genes play a role in regulating alcohol intake and harmful alcohol use can alter circadian rhythms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic binge-like drinking on diurnal circadian gene expression patterns in specific brain regions relevant to circadian biology and alcohol intake. The findings suggest that binge-like drinking reduces the amplitude of core circadian clock genes in certain brain regions, providing important insights for the development of pharmacotherapies to reduce harmful drinking and mitigate alcohol's effects on circadian gene expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)