Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenny Serra-Vinardell, Maxwell B. Sandler, Raffaella De Pace, Javier Manzella-Lapeira, Antony Cougnoux, Keyvan Keyvanfar, Wendy J. Introne, Joseph A. Brzostowski, Michael E. Ward, William A. Gahl, Prashant Sharma, May Christine C. Malicdan
Summary: Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the LYST gene. This study shows that LYST-deficient human neuronal models exhibit lysosome depletion and hyperelongated tubules protruding from autolysosomes, which is also observed in neurons derived from CHS patients' induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The results suggest that LYST plays a crucial role in autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR) by ensuring the correct fission of autolysosome tubules and being recruited to the lysosome membrane.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mukhran Khundadze, Federico Ribaudo, Adeela Hussain, Henry Stahlberg, Nahal Brocke-Ahmadinejad, Patricia Franzka, Rita-Eva Varga, Milena Zarkovic, Thanakorn Pungsrinont, Miriam Kokal, Ian G. Ganley, Christian Beetz, Marc Sylvester, Christian A. Huebner
Summary: The study found that two proteins in SPG11 and SPG15 patients collectively affect motor neurons, leading to hereditary spastic paraplegia. Additionally, the PI4K2A protein plays a crucial role in this process by modulating phosphoinositide levels.
Review
Cell Biology
Lawrence M. Schwartz
Summary: Cell death is a normal and essential component of development and homeostasis, but dysregulation of this process underlies most human diseases. Autophagy is a process mediated by the formation of double membrane vesicles, which allows cells to survive stresses and may also mediate cell death during development and pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
LaNisha L. Patterson, Caitlan D. Byerly, Jere W. McBride
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial degradative process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and defending against intracellular pathogens. Some intracellular bacterial pathogens have evolved to exploit the host autophagic pathway for infection. Further research on how these pathogens manipulate autophagy could lead to novel antimicrobial therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Randini Nanayakkara, Rajendra Gurung, Samuel J. J. Rodgers, Matthew J. J. Eramo, Georg Ramm, Christina A. A. Mitchell, Meagan J. J. McGrath
Summary: This review provides an overview of the importance of lysosome reformation in maintaining autophagy function and the role of ALR dysfunction in various diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Wen Li, Yulan Li, Yetong Guan, Yingxin Du, Mingsheng Zhao, Xiaotong Chen, Faliang Zhu, Chun Guo, Yufeng Jia, Yuan Li, Xiaoyu Wang, Xiaoyan Wang, Yongyu Shi, Qun Wang, Yan Li, Lining Zhang
Summary: Autophagy is a conserved evolutionary process closely integrated with the immune system to modulate immune responses through cell signaling pathways. TNFAIP8L2, a newly identified immune negative regulator, plays a crucial role in regulating autophagy by interacting with RAC1-MTORC1 axis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rajani Rai, Debasish Kumar Dey, Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook, Vishal Chandra
Summary: Endometrial cancer, the most common female cancer, lacks effective treatment options. In this study, the anti-cancerous activity of niclosamide (NIC) against endometrial cancer was evaluated. NIC effectively suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and inducing apoptosis and autophagy. NIC also inhibited tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. These findings suggest that NIC could be a promising therapeutic agent for endometrial cancer.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mengting Shang, Shuyan Niu, Xiaoru Chang, Jiangyan Li, Wenli Zhang, Menghao Guo, Tianshu Wu, Ting Zhang, Meng Tang, Yuying Xue
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on different stages of autophagy and found that they induced neuroinflammation and blocked autophagic flux. AgNPs hindered autophagic flux by inhibiting the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes, aggravating the neurotoxicity caused by AgNPs.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Matthew J. Eramo, Rajendra Gurung, Christina A. Mitchell, Meagan J. McGrath
Summary: Autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR) is crucial for recycling autophagy membranes to form lysosomes. INPP5K, an enzyme that converts PtdIns(4,5)P-2 to PtdIns4P, plays a key role in this process in skeletal muscle. Mutations in INPP5K can lead to muscular dystrophy by disrupting ALR and lysosome homeostasis in muscles.
Article
Cell Biology
Takeshi Yamamoto, Yoshitsugu Takabatake, Satoshi Minami, Shinsuke Sakai, Ryuta Fujimura, Atsushi Takahashi, Tomoko Namba-Hamano, Jun Matsuda, Tomonori Kimura, Isao Matsui, Jun-Ya Kaimori, Hiroaki Takeda, Masatomo Takahashi, Yoshihiro Izumi, Takeshi Bamba, Taiji Matsusaka, Fumio Niimura, Motoko Yanagita, Yoshitaka Isaka
Summary: The study found that supplementation with EPA can alleviate renal lipotoxicity by reducing phospholipid accumulation in lysosomes, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing inflammation and fibrosis. EPA alleviates renal lipotoxicity by improving lysosomal function and autophagic flux in both high-fat diet-fed mice and isolated PTECs cultured in palmitic acid, indicating its potential as a novel treatment for obesity-related kidney diseases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Huan Wang, Yuting Shi, Dannv Ma, Mengqing Cao, Yuchao Sun, Xinyuan Jiang, Zhiyong Xu, Yongfang Wang, Ying Yang, Yueli Shi, Kai Wang
Summary: Currently, patients with lung cancer who have drug resistance or poor survival rates urgently require new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we found that Cinchonine can act as an autophagy suppressor and exert anti-tumor effects by inhibiting autophagy, elevating ROS levels, accumulating damaged mitochondria, and promoting apoptosis. Additionally, Cin upregulates PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells, and the combination of Cin and PD-L1 blockade significantly reduces tumor growth.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Yalan Wang, Hongyan Wang, Chenji Wang
Summary: In neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), mutations in the KCTD7 gene lead to lysosomal dysfunction and macroautophagic/autophagic defects, resulting in the accumulation of lysosomal storage deposits. Our study demonstrates that KCTD7 is a key player in maintaining lysosomal and autophagic homeostasis, and it is biochemically linked with CLN5, another NCL causative gene, in a common neurodegenerative pathway.
Article
Cell Biology
Baoshan Cai, Jian Zhao, Yuling Zhang, Yaxing Liu, Chunhong Ma, Fan Yi, Yi Zheng, Lei Zhang, Tian Chen, Huiqing Liu, Bingyu Liu, Chengjiang Gao
Summary: USP5 acts as a key scaffold protein in recruiting the E3 ligase MARCHF7 for autophagic degradation of NLRP3 independently of its deubiquitinating enzyme activity. Knockdown of USP5 promotes inflammatory signaling release, while overexpression has inhibitory effects.
Review
Cell Biology
Nadia Bouhamdani, Dominique Comeau, Sandra Turcotte
Summary: Lysosomes have been revealed as crucial multifaceted signaling organelles rather than mere waste bags through research in the past 15 years. They play roles in anti-cancer drug resistance and are involved in a series of molecular and functional changes during malignant transformation leading to tumor aggression, angiogenesis, and metastases. Targeting lysosomes in cancer may lead to the development of new and effective targeted therapies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Julien Bensalem, Kathryn J. Hattersley, Leanne K. Hein, Xiao Tong Teong, Julian M. Carosi, Sofia Hassiotis, Randall H. Grose, Celia Fourrier, Leonie K. Heilbronn, Timothy J. Sargeant
Summary: Autophagic flux, a critical cellular process, can be increased by targeting nutrition-related biochemical signaling. This study introduces a method to directly measure human autophagic flux from blood samples by treating whole blood and using isolated cells to measure LC3B-II protein. The method is valuable for evaluating intra-individual variation induced by interventions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shankargouda Patil, Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Jagadish Hosmani, Zafar Ali Khan, Vidya Gurram Shankar, Lubna Shaukat, Samar Saeed Khan, Kamran Habib Awan
Summary: Periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of oral cancer and may play a role in tumorigenesis and aggressive cancer variants. While genetics is considered the primary cause of most cancers, other factors have been recognized in the development and progression of oral cancer. Periodontitis and oral cancer share common pathogenic mechanisms, including oxidative stress and epigenetic mechanisms. Current research aims to develop therapeutic agents that target these mechanisms through host modulation therapy and epigenetic therapy, potentially revolutionizing the treatment of periodontitis and oral cancer.
DM DISEASE-A-MONTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shankargouda Patil, Shazia Mustaq, Jagadish Hosmani, Zafar Ali Khan, Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Zeeshan Heera Ahmed, Shilpa Bhandi, Kamran Habib Awan
Summary: Immune-mediated diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by cellular homeostasis alteration and inflammation. Traditional treatment involves corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, but recent research has explored newer modalities including topical calcineurin inhibitors, biologic agents, neutraceutical agents, photodynamic therapy (PDT), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and newer therapeutic modalities such as kinase inhibitors, S1P1 receptor modulators, MSCs, and iRNA.
DM DISEASE-A-MONTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roopa Yadahalli, Gargi S. Sarode, Sachin C. Sarode, Zafar Ali Khan, Nishant Vyas, Avinash H. Kharat, Shilpa Bhandi, Kamran Habib Awan, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic disease with an increasing malignant transformation rate. Previous studies have focused on the association between areca nut constituents and fibroblasts. However, immunological factors such as chemokines also play a role in fibrosis. This study aims to analyze the expression of chemokines and transcription factors in different stages of OSMF to better understand its pathogenesis.
DM DISEASE-A-MONTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shankargouda Patil, Samar Saeed Khan, Jagadish Hosmani, Zafar Ali Khan, Jayanandan Muruganandhan, Shazia Mushtaq, Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Shilpa Bhandi, Kamran Habib Awan
Summary: Immunological disorders in the oral cavity can present in various ways, including primary oral auto-immune disease, systemic disease with oral findings, malignancies, hypersensitivity reactions, drug-induced disorders, and infection-related disorders. These overlapping features make it challenging for clinicians to diagnose and treat these disorders.
DM DISEASE-A-MONTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shankargouda Patil, Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Jagadish Hosmani, Zafar Ali Khan, Zeeshan Heera Ahmed, Vidya Gurram Shankar, Kamran Habib Awan
Summary: Oral immune-mediated disorders are a group of oral diseases or conditions that may result from an abnormality in the individual's normal immune response. Some of these disorders are associated with malignancy. This article provides an overview of several oral diseases, such as oral lichen planus, primary Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis, which are caused by irregularities in the immune system and have the potential to undergo malignant transformation, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality rates.
DM DISEASE-A-MONTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aishwaraya Veerabadran Loganathan, Sangeetha Subramanian, P. S. G. Prakash, Devapriya Appukuttan, Jasmine Crena, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Khalaf Alsharif, Ibrahim Faisal F. Halawani, Fuad M. Alzahrani, Saleh Alshammeri, Maha A. Bahammam, Thodur Madapusi Balaji, Hosam Ali Baeshen, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: This study conducted in India evaluated and compared the clinical outcomes of using connective tissue graft and lyophilized chorion membrane in treating gingival recession in chronic smokers. The results demonstrated the favorable role of lyophilized chorion membrane in root coverage procedures for smokers.
MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shankaravel ShanmugaPriya, Thayalan Dineshkumar, Krishnan Rajkumar, Annasamy Rameshkumar, Apathsakayan Renugalakshmi, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Mrim M. Alnfiai, Ahmed Alamoudi, Sarah Ahmed Bahammam, Maha A. Bahammam, Hosam Ali Baeshen, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral secretagogue, anti-microbial, and immunomodulatory properties of Centella asiatica in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. In-vivo and in-vitro assessment was conducted for a period of 3 months, involving 20 participants. The results showed that rinsing with Centella asiatica mouthwash for 3 months significantly improved the gingival crevicular fluid flow rate, neutrophil count, and alpha 1 defensin levels.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chanchal Katariya, G. Kaarthikeyan, Paramasivam, Mrim M. Alnfiai, Ahmed Alamoudi, Maha A. Bahammam, Ammar Almarghlani, Talal M. Zahid, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Hamsa Jameel Banjer, Fuad M. Alzahrani, Mohammad Assaggaf, Hosam Ali Baeshen, Mazen F. Alkahtany, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: Type 2 diabetes may worsen periodontitis, and this study aims to identify co-regulatory molecules involved in type 2 diabetes periodontitis in order to find new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shankargouda Patil, Shilpa Bhandi, Mohammed Mousa H. Bakri, Dhalia H. Albar, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Mohammad S. Al-Ghamdi, Mrim M. Alnfiai, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone
Summary: Patients with prolonged edentulism face challenges in replacing missing teeth. The use of non-resorbable and resorbable membranes in guided bone regeneration showed similar efficacy. However, further research is needed to draw conclusive results due to the low quality of evidence.
Article
Cell Biology
Prakash P. Praharaj, Srimanta Patra, Soumya R. Mishra, Subhadip Mukhopadhyay, Daniel J. Klionsky, Shankargouda Patil, Sujit K. Bhutia
Summary: This study found that cisplatin treatment activated higher mitophagy in oral cancer stem cells by regulating CLU levels. CLU regulated mitochondrial fission by activating AKT kinase, leading to mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, CLU-mediated mitophagy positively regulated oral cancer stem cells by degrading MSX2 and preventing its nuclear translocation, which suppressed SOX2 activity and inhibited cancer stemness and self-renewal ability.
Article
Cell Biology
Debasna P. Panigrahi, Prakash P. Praharaj, Bishnu P. Behera, Srimanta Patra, Shankargouda Patil, Birija S. Patro, Sujit K. Bhutia
Summary: MTP18, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, is not only essential for maintaining mitochondrial morphology but also acts as a mitophagy receptor that targets dysfunctional mitochondria for elimination. It interacts with LC3 proteins to induce mitochondrial autophagy.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Kewal Kumar Mahapatra, Soumya Ranjan Mishra, Rohan Dhiman, Sujit Kumar Bhutia
Summary: Aberrant expression of STON2 is associated with the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Overexpression of STON2 in oral cancer cells promotes cell proliferation and migration, while preserving lysosomal functions and activating the Akt-mTOR axis. In addition, a potential inhibitor of STON2, Trifluoperazine dihydrochloride (TFP), disrupts the Akt-mTOR pathway and causes lysosomal membrane permeabilization, leading to decreased cell viability in oral cancer cells.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Khalil Assiri, Jagadish Hosmani, Sandeepa Nuchilakath Chalikkandy, Abdullah M. Alkahtani, Raghad Mohammed Alhanif, Sarah Ahmed Alsarh, Shankargouda Patil, Rodolfo Reda, Luca Testarelli
Summary: Repeated Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent painful ulcers. This study investigated the levels of IgE and HECP in saliva as allergy-related indicators in individuals with RAS. The results showed that HECP levels were significantly higher in RAS patients, suggesting a positive correlation between elevated HECP levels and RAS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Sandeepa Nuchilakath Chalikkandy, Shilpa Bhandi, Hamed Ahmed Ali Al Shawkani, Mohammed Hussain Dafer Al Wadei, M. Mohammed Abdul Kader, Atlal Hassan Hussain Jaafari, Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar, Saranya Varadarajan, Luca Testarelli, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: This systematic review aims to report on the prevalence of pulp stones in the Saudi Arabian population. Six original research articles meeting the eligibility criteria were assessed for qualitative data. The findings revealed varying prevalence rates of pulp stones among the KSA population, with differences observed in the distribution within the teeth. Furthermore, pulp stones were more commonly reported in individuals with decayed teeth, periodontal diseases, attrition, dental restorations, and molars compared to premolars.
SAUDI DENTAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Correction
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mamata S. Kamat, Rudrayya S. Puranik, A. Bhagavan Das Rai, B. R. Patil, Shankargouda Patil
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2023)