Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lei Sun, Arabella Wan, Zhuolong Zhou, Dongshi Chen, Heng Liang, Chuwei Liu, Shijia Yan, Yi Niu, Ziyou Lin, Siyue Zhan, Shanfeng Wang, Xianzhang Bu, Weiling He, Xiongbin Lu, Anlong Xu, Guohui Wan
Summary: The study identified an RNA-binding protein RALY as a critical regulator in colorectal cancer metabolism, promoting the post-transcriptional processing of miRNAs that downregulate metabolism-associated genes and reprogram mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. Increased levels of RALY were associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients expressing low levels of mitochondrion-associated genes, and this effect was facilitated by N6-methyladenosine switch under reactive oxygen species stress. Inhibition of m6A methylation abolished RALY recognition of pri-miRNAs, leading to inhibition of colorectal tumor growth and progression both in vivo and in organoid models.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ying Lu, Yangyang Li, Qi Liu, Na Tian, Peng Du, Fangming Zhu, Yichao Han, Xinnan Liu, Xisheng Liu, Xiao Peng, Xiaoxia Wang, Yuchen Wu, Lingfeng Tong, Yakui Li, Yemin Zhu, Lifang Wu, Ping Zhang, Ye Xu, Hanbei Chen, Bin Li, Xuemei Tong
Summary: In colorectal cancer, intratumoral regulatory T cells (Tregs) exhibit low activity of the MondoA-thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) axis and increased glucose uptake. While MondoA-deficient Tregs promoted Th1 responses in a subcutaneous colorectal cancer model, Treg-specific MondoA knockout mice were more susceptible to colorectal cancer induction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natthida Petchampai, Jun Isoe, Prashanth Balaraman, Max Oscherwitz, Brendan H. Carter, Cecilia G. Sanchez, Patricia Y. Scaraffia
Summary: In this study, we have discovered that AaPK protein is post-translationally regulated by AaSirt2. Through a series of experiments, we found that AaSirt2 plays different roles in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, AaSirt2 is found in both cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments in the fat body and thorax of mosquitoes. Our study also revealed that AaPK protein is lysine-acetylated and bound with AaSirt2 in the cytosolic fractions of non-starved and starved female mosquitoes. RNAi-mediated knockdown of AaSirt2 in starved females significantly decreased AaPK protein abundance, but has no significant effect on their survivorship.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmed H. Ghobashi, Truc T. Vuong, Jane W. Kimani, Christopher A. Ladaika, Peter C. Hollenhorst, Heather M. O'Hagan
Summary: In colorectal cancer (CRC), active AKT phosphorylates EZH2 on serine 21, leading to the modulation of gene expression through the AKT/EZH2/beta-catenin axis. EZH2 interacts with and methylates beta-catenin, increasing its binding to chromatin and promoting transcription. Furthermore, EZH2-mediated beta-catenin trimethylation enhances its interaction with TCF1 and RNA polymerase II, resulting in significant gains in genomic regions with beta-catenin occupancy.
Article
Cell Biology
Yongsheng Huang, Sijia Liu, Mengjie Shan, Sophie C. Hagenaars, Wilma E. Mesker, Danielle Cohen, Lin Wang, Zhi Zheng, Peter Devilee, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Zhangfu Li, Yongmei Song, Long Zhang, Dan Li, Peter Ten Dijke
Summary: RNF12, overexpressed in invasive breast cancers, promotes migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through its interaction with the AKT signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of AKT induces nuclear localization of RNF12 and accelerates the degradation of SMAD7 mediated by RNF12. Moreover, RNF12 expression is positively correlated with phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated SMAD2 levels.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ching-Chia Wang, Huang-Jen Chen, Ding-Cheng Chan, Chen-Yuan Chiu, Shing-Hwa Liu, Kuo-Cheng Lan
Summary: The study found that acrolein exposure led to increased fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in mice. It also showed that acrolein treatment decreased the expression of GLUT4 in both mouse soleus muscles and C2C12 myotubes, as well as suppressed phosphorylation of glucose metabolic signals. Additionally, over-expression of constitutive activation of Akt reversed the inhibitory effects of acrolein on GLUT4 protein expression and glucose uptake in myotubes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zhenzhen Sang, Shimin Dong, Pu Zhang, Yunxia Wei
Summary: The study demonstrated that miR-214 alleviated AKI in septic mice by inhibiting kidney autophagy levels. miR-214 further inhibited autophagy by silencing PTEN expression in the kidney tissues of septic mice. These results suggest that miR-214 ameliorated CLP-induced AKI by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting autophagy through the regulation of the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marina Barreto Felisbino, Mark Ziemann, Ishant Khurana, Jun Okabe, Keith Al-Hasani, Scott Maxwell, K. N. Harikrishnan, Camila Borges Martins de Oliveira, Maria Luiza S. Mello, Assam El-Osta
Summary: The study found that the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) can attenuate gene activation in hepatocytes under hyperglycaemia, and epigenetic regulation is involved in VPA action.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samaneh Eickelschulte, Sonja Hartwig, Ben Leiser, Stefan Lehr, Viola Joschko, Manopriya Chokkalingam, Alexandra Chadt, Hadi Al-Hasani
Summary: TBC1D4 is a multidomain Rab GTPase-activating protein that plays a role in GLUT4 trafficking. Phosphorylation by AKT and AMPK does not affect enzymatic activity but disrupts interaction with other proteins. Insulin and contraction regulate TBC1D4 primarily by disrupting recruitment to GLUT4 vesicles.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Stepien, Jakub Dolata, Tomasz Gulanicz, Dawid Bielewicz, Mateusz Bajczyk, Dariusz J. Smolinski, Zofia Szweykowska-Kulinska, Artur Jarmolowski
Summary: This study discovered that PRP40 in Arabidopsis regulates the assembly of the microprocessor, playing a crucial role in the correct production of miRNA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryutaro Yasudome, Naohiko Seki, Shunichi Asai, Yusuke Goto, Yoshiaki Kita, Yuto Hozaka, Masumi Wada, Kan Tanabe, Tetsuya Idichi, Shinichiro Mori, Takao Ohtsuka
Summary: In this study, we identified a miRNA, miR-139-3p, that plays a tumor-suppressive role in colorectal cancer (CRC) by inhibiting cancer cell malignant transformation and AKT phosphorylation. Through in silico analysis and gene expression assays, we identified 29 potential targets regulated by miR-139-3p in CRC cells. We also discovered aberrant expression of Keratin 80 (KRT80) in CRC clinical specimens and found that reducing KRT80 expression suppressed CRC cell malignant transformation and AKT phosphorylation. Additionally, the expression of hexokinase-2 (HK2) was reduced in cells with decreased KRT80 or miR-139-3p expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Asahi Hishida, Hiroya Yamada, Yoshitaka Ando, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Manabu Shiozawa, Yohei Miyagi, Yataro Daigo, Yuji Toiyama, Yumiko Shirai, Koji Tanaka, Yoko Kubo, Rieko Okada, Mako Nagayoshi, Takashi Tamura, Atsuyoshi Mori, Takaaki Kondo, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Kenji Takeuchi, Kenji Wakai
Summary: This study investigated the early detectability of colorectal cancer using miRNAs, finding that miR-26a-5p may serve as a potential marker for early detection of CRC. The study used clinical samples and validated the results through RT-qPCR analysis, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy. Further examination with pre-clinical cohort samples also showed promising predictability of advanced CRC incidence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianfei Zhao, Erin Doody, R. Scott Poethig
Summary: This study investigates the role of miRNAs in the acquisition of reproductive competence in plants. The results show that miR156/miR157 regulate the timing of vegetative phase change, while miR172 has a minor role in vegetative phase change but a major effect on reproductive competence.
Review
Microbiology
Matthew Scott, Terence Hwa
Summary: This review describes how physiological constraints are sensed through metabolic fluxes and how flux-controlled regulation gives rise to simple empirical relations between protein levels and the rate of cell growth.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong-Wei Geng, Feng-Yi Yin, Zhi-Fa Zhang, Xu Gong, Yun Yang
Summary: Butyrate inhibits glucose transport and glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells by reducing the abundance of membrane GLUT1 and cytoplasmic G6PD, regulated by the GPR109a-AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, butyrate enhances the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 5-fluorouracil on cancerous colonocytes, leading to exacerbated impairment of DNA synthesis efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xinru Zhou, Yin Jia, Chuanbin Mao, Shanrong Liu
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and promising drug delivery vehicles in tumor progression. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ruochan Chen, Ju Zhu, Xiao Zhong, Jie Li, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang
Summary: The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, with HMGB1 serving as a key regulator in these processes.
Article
Oncology
Zongfu Pan, Xixuan Lu, Tong Xu, Jinming Chen, Lisha Bao, Ying Li, Yingying Gong, Yulu Che, Xiaozhou Zou, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: This study uncovered the emerging role of HN1 in promoting dedifferentiation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. HN1 negatively regulated the thyroid differentiation markers and had an inhibitory effect on the transcriptional activation of CTCF, thereby influencing the chromatin accessibility of thyroid differentiation genes.
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Oncology
Katsuya Nagaoka, Xuewei Bai, Dan Liu, Kevin Cao, Joud Mulla, Chengcheng Ji, Hongze Chen, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Amalia Bay, William Mueller, Grace Hildebrand, Jin-Song Gao, Shaolei Lu, Hiroko Setoyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Jack R. Wands, Chiung-Kuei Huang
Summary: This study found that serum 2-OG levels in cholangiocarcinoma patients are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Patients with progressive disease showed significantly higher levels of serum 2-OG compared to stable disease and partial response patients. The study also revealed that overexpression of ASPH mimics the effects of 2-OG, and knockdown of ASPH improves chemotherapy. Targeting ASPH enhances the effects of chemotherapy by modulating ATM and ATR, two key regulators of DDRs.