Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroaki Ikezaki, Hideyuki Nomura, Nobuyuki Shimono
Summary: The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in the elderly is hindered by immunosenescence. This study found a positive correlation between mitochondrial DNA levels and vaccine-induced immunity, suggesting that maintaining mitochondrial DNA levels may improve immunosenescence in the elderly.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Changlin Gong, Xiaojing Song, Xiaoxia Li, Lianfeng Lu, Taisheng Li
Summary: Viral activation and CD4+ T cell loss were observed in a treatment-naive HIV-positive patient after receiving inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, suggesting that the vaccine should only be given to HIV-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Bernhard Kratzer, Doris Trapin, Paul Ettel, Ulrike Koermoeczi, Arno Rottal, Friedrich Tuppy, Melanie Feichter, Pia Gattinger, Kristina Borochova, Yulia Dorofeeva, Inna Tulaeva, Milena Weber, Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Peter A. Tauber, Marika Gerdov, Bernhard Muehl, Thomas Perkmann, Ingrid Fae, Sabine Wenda, Harald Fuehrer, Rainer Henning, Rudolf Valenta, Winfried F. Pickl
Summary: The study revealed that COVID-19 convalescent patients still exhibit a range of immune system changes, including reduced neutrophils, increased activation of T cells, and elevated levels of specific antibodies even ten weeks after infection. Additionally, there were correlations found between these immunological changes and clinical/demographic parameters.
Article
Immunology
Suzan Farhang-Sardroodi, Chapin S. Korosec, Samaneh Gholami, Morgan Craig, Iain R. Moyles, Mohammad Sajjad Ghaemi, Hsu Kiang Ooi, Jane M. Heffernan
Summary: During the global pandemic, vaccine distribution has been affected by supply chain logistics, leading to the need for adjusting dose administration strategies. Studies show that modifying dose intervals and amounts can help mitigate supply constraints and improve immunological outcomes.
Review
Immunology
Andrea Lombardi, Giorgio Bozzi, Riccardo Ungaro, Simone Villa, Valeria Castelli, Davide Mangioni, Antonio Muscatello, Andrea Gori, Alessandra Bandera
Summary: BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines can elicit specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies levels higher than those observed in convalescent serum of COVID-19 patients within the first 100 days after vaccination, with a reassuring safety and efficacy profile. The vaccine-induced T cell response is oriented towards a beneficial T(H)1 response, without evidence of vaccine-enhanced disease reported.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guenther Fink, Nina Orlova-Fink, Tobias Schindler, Sandra Grisi, Ana Paula S. Ferrer, Claudia Daubenberger, Alexandra Brentani
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 patients who received recent inactivated influenza vaccination in Brazil had lower odds of needing intensive care treatment, requiring invasive respiratory support, and death. These protective effects were more significant when the vaccine was administered after symptom onset and among younger patients.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lois Privor-Dumm, Jean-Louis Excler, Sarah Gilbert, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Peter J. Hotez, Didi Thompson, Jerome H. Kim
Summary: While progress has been made in achieving vaccine access goals for COVID-19, the pursuit of equity and justice remains unfinished. Vaccine nationalism has spurred calls for new approaches to ensure equitable access to vaccines and vaccinations, including global participation and addressing local needs. Regional vaccine technology hubs and strengthening accountability measures are suggested to address access challenges and balance affordable supply and predictable demand. Political will and investment are required to sustain non-pandemic vaccine production and demand. Converging on a definition of justice before the next pandemic is crucial.
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sally F. Gordon, Elise Virah Sawmy, Eleanor Duckworth, Michelle Wolthuizen, Hazel J. Clothier, Malinda Chea, Naveen Tenneti, Ngaree Blow, Jim P. Buttery, Joseph de Luca, Tony M. Korman, Sara Barnes, Charlotte Slade, Callum Maggs, Michelle L. Giles, Benjamin W. Teh, Craig Aboltins, Katherine M. Langan, Annaliese Van Diemen, Nigel W. Crawford
Summary: The Victorian Specialist Immunization Services (VicSIS) was established in February 2021 in Victoria, Australia, aiming to provide vaccine safety services for COVID-19 vaccines. VicSIS supports practitioners and patients with complex vaccine safety questions, offering individual vaccination recommendations and adverse event reviews. As of September 2021, VicSIS has received a significant number of referrals and served thousands of patients.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter W. W. Marks, Robert M. M. Califf, Paul A. A. Offit
Summary: The author of this letter criticizes Offit's viewpoint and presents evidence that shows the bivalent boosters have better immunogenicity against emerging variants. Therefore, the author suggests that the bivalent boosters should be deployed throughout the entire population, including against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5 as well as the ancestral strain.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shannon E. MacDonald, Yuba Raj Paudel, Marilou Kiely, Ellen Rafferty, Manish Sadarangani, Joan L. Robinson, S. Michelle Driedger, Lawrence W. Svenson
Summary: This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early childhood vaccination coverage in Alberta, Canada. It found that monthly vaccination coverage in 2020 was higher than 2019 until March, after which it significantly declined. The measles-containing vaccine had the largest decrease in coverage.
Review
Immunology
Alessandro Sette, Shane Crotty
Summary: Immunological memory is the foundation of protective immunity provided by vaccines and previous infections. Significantly progress has been made in understanding the memory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines, surpassing that of any other acute infectious disease. This knowledge can inform public policies and scientific development of future vaccines.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elettra Carini, Chiara Cadeddu, Carolina Castagna, Mario Cesare Nurchis, Teresa Eleonora Lanza, Adriano Grossi, Andrea Barbara, Svetlana Axelrod, Mauro Goletti, Paolo Parente
Summary: This study describes the organizational model implemented by an LHU in Rome for the at-home COVID-19 vaccination campaign and outlines data related to vaccination coverage. The model proved to be complex but effective in achieving satisfactory vaccination coverage results.
Article
Cell Biology
Jiping Liu, Junbang Wang, Jinfang Xu, Han Xia, Yue Wang, Chunxue Zhang, Wei Chen, Huina Zhang, Qi Liu, Rong Zhu, Yiqi Shi, Zihao Shen, Zhonggang Xing, Wenxia Gao, Liqiang Zhou, Jinliang Shao, Jiayu Shi, Xuejiao Yang, Yaxuan Deng, Li Wu, Quan Lin, Changhong Zheng, Wenmin Zhu, Congrong Wang, Yi E. Sun, Zhongmin Liu
Summary: Large-scale COVID-19 vaccinations are currently underway, causing consistent alterations in hemoglobin A1c, serum sodium and potassium levels, coagulation profiles, and renal functions in healthy volunteers. Single-cell mRNA sequencing also revealed changes in gene expression of immune cells, suggesting that vaccination mimics infection. Increased NF-kappa B signaling and reduced type I interferon responses were observed, indicating caution is needed when vaccinating individuals with pre-existing clinical conditions.
Review
Biology
Hisham Ali Waggiallah
Summary: COVID-19 deteriorates type II pneumocytes and damages the alveolar immunologic balancing process, leading to inflammatory responses and cytokine storming. This results in systemic inflammatory response syndrome, tissue injuries, and increased mortality.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kyusik Q. Kim, Bhagyashri D. Burgute, Shin-Cheng Tzeng, Crystal Jing, Courtney Jungers, Junya Zhang, Liewei L. Yan, Richard D. Vierstra, Sergej Djuranovic, Bradley S. Evans, Hani S. Zaher
Summary: Research shows that modified nucleotides m1111 and pseudouridine (111) do not significantly affect translation accuracy, do not result in miscoded peptides, and do not promote mismatched RNA duplex formation. These findings are promising for future RNA therapeutics.