Article
Optics
Tianbo Zhu, Karima Chah, Francesco Chiavaioli, Joel Villatoro, Christophe Caucheteur
Summary: In this work, a supermode interferometer for biosensing application is proposed, which is fabricated by fusion splicing a segment of a seven-core fiber to a standard single-mode fiber. It is found that the response of the interferometer to refractive index changes is polarization dependent when a thin gold layer is deposited on the multicore fiber end facet. The highest sensitivity to refractive index is achieved for a similar to 10 nm-thick gold coated sample when P-polarized light is used. The gold-coated sample is then biofunctionalized and used for insulin detection, achieving a concentration level of 10(-8) g/ml.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Xian Dong, You-Hang Xie, Jia-Le Ou, Chuang Wu, Jie Li, Bai-Ou Guan
Summary: A Bragg grating is successfully formed in a strongly coupled seven-core fiber. Two separate Bragg resonance notches are observed in the transmission spectrum, corresponding to backward coupling of two supermodes of the fiber. The mode coupling mechanism is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and the results agree well. The device shows potential for simultaneous measurement of temperature and curvature.
Article
Optics
Shengchao Gong, Mengxin Ren, Wei Wu, Wei Cai, Jingjun Xu
Summary: Spatial light modulators are devices used to modulate amplitude, phase, or polarization of light beams, considered as the backbone for optical information processing and future optical computing. The MS-OASLM, based on metasurface, achieves higher resolution than typical SLMs through nonlinear polarization control, offering potential for next generation all-optical information processing and high resolution display technologies.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
You-Hang Xie, Chuang Wu, Jie Li, Bai-Ou Guan
Summary: A temperature-compensated refractive index (RI) sensor based on thinned seven-core fiber (SC-SCF) supermode Bragg grating and interferometer was successfully demonstrated. The device was fabricated through fusion splicing and chemical etching, and the Bragg grating was inscribed into the thinned fiber. The RI and temperature responses of the sensor were analyzed and measured experimentally.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhifeng Wang, Liang Zhang, Zhangwei Ma, Zhenyi Chen, Tingyun Wang, Fufei Pang
Summary: The Mach-Zehnder interferometer sensor based on a four-core sapphire-derived fiber shows promising potential for bending sensing applications, with the ability to fabricate sensors with different bending properties. The experimental results demonstrate high sensitivity and potential for application in structural health monitoring.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Chao Mei, Ihar Babushkin, Tamas Nagy, Guenter Steinmeyer
Summary: Multimode nonlinear optics has overcome a long-standing limitation of fiber optics, enabling the coherent transport of a wave packet through a multimode fiber. In a similar scenario, the temporal compression of multimillijoule pulses to few-cycle duration in hollow gas-filled fibers has also been achieved. By extending a formalism for mode locking, researchers have revealed the formation and existence of stable spatiotemporal light bullets in fiber systems, as well as predicted the presence of multimode solitons in a wider range of fiber types.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jose A. Flores-Bravo, Ruben Fernandez, Enrique Antonio Lopez, Joseba Zubia, Axel Schulzgen, Rodrigo Amezcua Correa, Joel Villatoro
Summary: This study demonstrates that a single supermode interferometer can monitor two parameters simultaneously by utilizing strongly coupled multicore fiber and standard single mode fiber. The reflection spectrum of the interferometer changes with refractive index and temperature, allowing for easy decoding of interference patterns in the Fourier domain. An important advantage of this device is that the length of the multicore fiber does not affect sensor performance, and the device can be reused multiple times.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Lina Suo, Haimiao Zhou, Ya-Pei Peng, Fan Yang, Hsiang-Chen Chui, Nan-Kuang Chen
Summary: In this study, a high sensitivity fiber refractive index sensor based on asymmetric supermode interferences in tapered four core fiber was demonstrated. The sensor showed accurate detection of refractive index by utilizing the effects of asymmetric supermodes.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Z. F. Wang, H. Bartelt, Z. W. Ma, Z. Y. Chen, F. F. Pang, T. Y. Wang
Summary: In this paper, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor based on a coupled four-core sapphire-derived fiber (FSDF) is proposed and demonstrated for temperature sensing. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is influenced by multiple factors, and adjusting the geometry of the fiber can optimize the sensor's performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Monserrat Alonso-Murias, David Monzon-Hernandez, Enrique Antonio-Lopez, Axel Schulzgen, Rodrigo Amezcua-Correa, Joel Villatoro
Summary: A nano-displacement sensing method based on an extrinsic hybrid fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer is proposed, achieving a resolution of 0.47 nm. By adjusting the optical path length difference between the air cavity and glass cavity, an interference spectra envelope with a larger period can be generated.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xialin Liu, Boris Braverman, Robert W. Boyd
Summary: We demonstrate a high-speed spatial light modulator (SLM) that can generate arbitrary spatial profiles in a laser pulse by mapping the temporal radio-frequency (RF) waveform to the optical field using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The fidelity of the SLM performance can be improved through numerical optimization of the RF waveform to overcome the nonlinearity of the AOM. The resulting acousto-optic SLM has a 50 μm pixel pitch, over 1 MHz update rate, and high damage threshold.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhong, Fan O. Wu, Absar U. Hassan, Ramy El-Ganainy, Demetrios N. Christodoulides
Summary: Recent experimental studies have shown that the optical power in nonlinear optical systems evolves towards a Rayleigh-Jeans equilibrium state. While wave turbulence and four-wave mixing models were previously used to explain these results, a new paradigm based on thermodynamic principles has emerged. In exploring various nonlinear light-matter coupling effects, the authors find that the system always reaches a Rayleigh-Jeans equilibrium, even when the wave-mixing paradigm fails. These findings support a thermodynamic interpretation and open up possibilities for expanding this formalism to other disciplines in physics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Praveen Kumar, Naveen K. Nishchal
Summary: This paper presents a convenient method to obtain the phase characterization curve of SLM using polarimetry, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed approach through experimental results. The spatially uniform and linear phase response of SLM achieved through corrections in CGHs enables the generation of singular light fields through on-axis phase modulation.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus, Maryna L. Meretska, Delwin L. Elder, Michele Tamagnone, Larry R. Dalton, Federico Capasso
Summary: Researchers have developed an SLM device based on organic electro-optic materials that can manipulate individual pixel properties at speeds up to 50 MHz, offering potential applications in imaging and spectroscopy. These materials exhibit high nonlinearity, custom-tailored nonlinear tensors at the nanoscale, and have broad applications in active free-space optics, such as remote monitoring and virtual or augmented reality. The compatibility with compact laser diodes, achieved millimeter size, and low power consumption make them suitable for laser ranging and reconfigurable optics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Ravindran Mercy Kingsta, Ramapackiyam Shantha Selvakumari
Summary: The design of a 125-mu m uncoupled-coupled group multi-core fiber (U-CG-MCF) for high spatial density optical space division multiplexing links is presented. This fiber design combines approaches used for uncoupled and coupled MCF to minimize receiver complexity and suppress crosstalk between adjacent core groups. Trench-assisted heterogeneous core group profiles are utilized to achieve a coupling coefficient of 10-3 per meter at 1.55-mu m wavelength with minimal core group separation.
OPTICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Optics
A. Andrianov, N. A. Kalinin, A. A. Sorokin, E. A. Anashkina, L. L. Sanchez-Soto, J. F. Corney, G. Leuchs
Summary: Bright squeezed light can be generated in optical fibers using the Kerr effect, but nonconservative effects degrade the squeezing. This study analyzes two-mode polarization squeezing, which is robust against perturbations and can be generated in a polarization-maintaining fiber. Numerical optimization and comparison with experimental results are performed using an advanced model of quantum pulse evolution in the fiber.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maria P. P. Marisova, Alexey V. V. Andrianov, Elena A. A. Anashkina
Summary: In recent years, optical methods for temperature measurements have gained increasing attention. Glass microspheres with whispering gallery modes (WGMs) can serve as high-performance miniature sensors due to their resonant frequency shift in response to ambient parameter changes. This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of temperature microsensors based on standard silica fibers and commercially available special soft glass fibers, providing experimental implementation and practical recommendations. The results show that chalcogenide As2Se3 and As2S3 microspheres have the highest sensitivity, with d lambda/dT values of 57 pm/K and 36 pm/K, respectively, significantly higher than common silica glass (9.4 pm/K). The sensing devices of the proposed design exhibit robustness with respect to microresonator size, WGM polarization, and structure.
Article
Optics
Alexey Andrianov, Elena A. Anashkina
Summary: We demonstrate the generation of optical frequency comb in a tellurite microsphere, which is the first time for tellurite glass microresonators. The TeO2-WO3-La2O3-Bi2O3 (TWLB) glass microsphere has a record-breaking Q-factor of 3.7 x 107 among tellurite microresonators. By pumping the microsphere with a diameter of 61 μm at a wavelength of 1.54 μm, we obtain a frequency comb with seven spectral lines in the normal dispersion range.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Elena A. Anashkina, Alexey Andrianov
Summary: Light transformations based on stimulated Raman scattering in microresonators have potential for compact, tunable light sources. This study demonstrates Raman lasing in a 30 μm tellurite glass microsphere with large Raman gain and ultrabroad bandwidth. Different steady-state modes were achieved with various pump wavelengths, confirming the controllable switching of interacting modes.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nikolay Kalinin, Thomas Dirmeier, Arseny A. Sorokin, Elena A. Anashkina, Luis L. Sanchez-Soto, Joel F. Corney, Gerd Leuchs, Alexey V. Andrianov
Summary: Enhancing the sensitivity of an interferometer below the quantum shot-noise limit using Kerr squeezing has not been experimentally demonstrated before. Previous experiments only characterized the noise pattern with the interferometer, as tilting the squeezed ellipse in phase space was cumbersome. This study presents the first experimental observation of phase-sensitivity enhancement in an interferometer using Kerr squeezing.
Article
Physics, Applied
M. A. T. Butt, P. Roth, G. K. L. Wong, M. H. Frosz, L. L. Sanchez-Soto, E. A. Anashkina, A. V. Andrianov, P. Banzer, P. St. J. Russell, G. Leuchs
Summary: Polarization-preserving fibers cannot preserve two nonorthogonal states required for quantum communication. We propose an alternative scheme using helically twisted photonic crystal fibers to enable polarization encoding in the continuous-variable regime. Experimental results show that appropriate nonorthogonal modes in the polarization-preserving fiber do not fully scramble over the full Poincare sphere, but remain on a great circle, forming a one-dimensional protected subspace that can be parametrized by a single variable. This allows for more efficient measurements of quantum excitations in nonorthogonal modes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Optics
Elena A. A. Anashkina, Alexey V. V. Andrianov, Alexander G. G. Litvak
Summary: The development of high-power 2.3 & mu;m laser sources is in great demand for remote sensing and other applications. To achieve high-power radiation at this wavelength, a cascade laser amplification technique at 2 and 2.3 & mu;m, using a diode pump at 793 nm and stimulated Raman scattering in a zinc-tellurite multicore fiber with trivalent-thulium-ion-doped cores, is proposed. Numerical simulations show that an out-of-phase supermode can efficiently convert the 793 nm pump to the 2.3 & mu;m wave, with a conversion efficiency of up to 50%.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elena A. Anashkina, Maria P. Marisova, Vitaly V. Dorofeev, Alexey V. Andrianov
Summary: This article presents experimental and theoretical studies on the generation of coherent light based on inelastic stimulated Raman scattering in tellurite glass microspheres. A thermo-optically controlled Raman laser switch was successfully demonstrated using an auxiliary laser diode. The numerical simulations supported the experimental results.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Elena A. Anashkina, Alexey V. Andrianov
Summary: In this study, a dual-wavelength switchable Raman tungsten-tellurite fiber laser in the 1.7-1.8 μm range was proposed and theoretically investigated. Numerical simulations showed that controlled switching between two modes can be achieved by changing the pump power, and a rigorous explanation for the nonlinear interaction between mode 1 and mode 2 was found.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nikolay I. Salnikov, Alexey V. Andrianov, Elena A. Anashkina
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of effective dispersion tailoring for the HE12 mode of highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass fibers in M-type optical fibers. Fiber designs were demonstrated for shifting zero-dispersion wavelengths to the spectral region below 2 μm. Theoretical calculations and numerical simulations showed the possibility of achieving dispersion characteristics of the HE12 mode with one, two, three, and four zero-dispersion wavelengths in the wavelength range of 1.5-5.5 μm.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Nikolay Kalinin, Thomas Dirmeier, Arseny A. Sorokin, Elena A. Anashkina, Luis L. Sanchez-Soto, Joel F. Corney, Gerd Leuchs, Alexey V. Andrianov
Summary: This paper reports on a new all-fiber setup for generating polarization squeezed light. The setup is composed of passive elements only, making it simple, stable, and easy to set up. More than 5 dB of directly measured squeezing is achieved over long periods of time without any adjustments. Therefore, this new scheme provides a robust and easy-to-set-up method for obtaining squeezed light applicable to various applications.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)