Review
Immunology
Wenqiang Wei, Lu Bai, Bing Yan, Weiquan Meng, Hongju Wang, Jingbo Zhai, Fusheng Si, Chunfu Zheng
Summary: This article introduces the formation mechanisms of membranous and membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells, and focuses on the importance and applications of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in viral infection and immune regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sidney Iriana, Kumari Asha, Miroslava Repak, Neelam Sharma-Walia
Summary: The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays critical roles in development, tumorigenesis, and host-pathogen interactions, with GLI family proteins and smoothened (SMO) acting as signal transducers. Dysregulation of the SHH pathway can lead to various tumors, while viruses exploit host proteins to enhance viral gene transcription for replication. The potential of targeting the HH pathway as an anti-cancer therapeutic approach is emphasized, with potential applications in infection-associated fatalities in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Emma Saulters, John F. Woolley, Shankar Varadarajan, Terence M. Jones, Lekh N. Dahal
Summary: Viruses, even if not directly oncogenic, can impact tumor biology and immune behavior, raising the question of whether virus-associated tumors should be distinct. HPV infection in HNSCC may lead to unique etiology and clinical outcomes, potentially due to greater immunogenicity associated with HPV infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takayuki Okamoto, Eun Jeong Park, Eiji Kawamoto, Haruki Usuda, Koichiro Wada, Akihiko Taguchi, Motomu Shimaoka
Summary: Vascular inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, triggering aberrant activation of endothelial cells and leading to structural and functional abnormalities in blood vessels. In addition to humoral mediators, alterations in the physical and mechanical microenvironment can modify gene expression and metabolic profiles of endothelial cells via mechano-transduction pathways, contributing to the development of vessel disorders.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Henning Jacobsen, Sabra L. Klein
Summary: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the sex-specific differences in immunity and outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with evidence suggesting a male bias in disease severity mediated by differential immune responses. While males are more susceptible to most viral infections, females possess immunological features that make them vulnerable to distinct immune-related disease outcomes. Sex chromosome complement, related genes, and sex steroids all play crucial roles in mediating these sex differences in immunity to viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Chen, Limin Yang, Yingyu Li, Tianrun Liu, Bolun Yang, Lei Liu, Rui Wu
Summary: The interaction between autophagy and inflammation plays a crucial role in viral infections, and understanding their regulatory roles can provide insights and theoretical foundations for disease prevention, treatment, and drug development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph Yunis, Kirsty R. Short, Di Yu
Summary: Respiratory viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 and IAV, can lead to different outcomes based on the immune response and inflammation. T cells play a significant role in shaping both immunity and inflammation, and understanding the interactions between the host and pathogens can help prevent immune dysfunction and improve treatment strategies.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Amy Rachael Cross, Julien Lion, Karine Poussin, Denis Glotz, Nuala Mooney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of inflammation on endothelial regulation of CD4(+)Treg cells. The findings suggest that high levels of inflammation can impair endothelial cell function and lead to inhibition of Treg differentiation. Blocking PD-L1 can partially restore Treg cell numbers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Utkarsha Sahu, Debasis Biswas, Vijay Kumar Prajapati, Anirudh K. Singh, Mukesh Samant, Prashant Khare
Summary: Viral infections pose a major threat to human health, with IL-17 playing a key role in the host immune response. However, overproduction of IL-17 may lead to chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clovis S. Palmer
Summary: Metabolic adaptation to viral infections plays a critical role in determining the course and outcome of the disease, with systemic metabolic changes affecting long-term health consequences.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Johanna Hol Fosse, Guttorm Haraldsen, Knut Falk, Reidunn Edelmann
Summary: The role of endothelial cells in COVID-19 and other viral infections is crucial, as they impact virus invasion and the body's immune response. The deterioration of endothelial function is closely related to the severity of the disease, highlighting the importance of studying how viruses modulate endothelial cell function.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Haolin Chen, Yuhui Li, Liyan Li, Zeyu Yang, Zhenfu Wen, Lixin Liu, Hong Liu, Yongming Chen
Summary: Codelivering subunit antigens and Toll-like receptor (TLR) molecular adjuvants via nanocarriers can stimulate potent innate and specific immune responses. In this study, a carrier-free nanovaccine was prepared using a benzene ring-rich TLR1/TLR2 adjuvant, Diprovocim, which interacted with aromatic residues in subunit antigens through pi-pi stacking without additional materials. The carrier-free nanovaccines exhibited precise targeting ability and induced strong immune responses in mice, showing great potential for tumor therapy and prevention of infectious diseases.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Waltraud C. Schrottmaier, Anna Schmuckenschlager, Anita Pirabe, Alice Assinger
Summary: Viral infections are associated with platelet activation and haemostatic complications, which can lead to low platelet counts and poor prognosis. The dysfunction of platelets in viral infections is caused by a complex interaction between viruses, platelets, and the immune and inflammatory responses. Platelet activation results in platelet consumption and degradation, leading to thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding risk.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Monica D. Reece, Ruby R. Taylor, Colin Song, Christina Gavegnano
Summary: The latent viral reservoir of the human immunodeficiency virus poses a major barrier to cure, particularly due to the role of macrophages in viral replication and disease progression. Macrophage activation and dysregulation play a key role in driving comorbidities and sustaining reservoirs across various viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Kirsten M. Kloepfer, Joshua L. Kennedy
Summary: The human microbiome associated with the respiratory tract is diverse, heterogeneous, and dynamic. The interactions between microorganisms, host cells, and the host immune system play a complex role in respiratory diseases. Viral infections can alter the presence of bacterial species, increasing the risk for allergies and asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Yangyang Zheng, Hongming Xu, Xiaoyan Li
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed 49 pediatric patients with subglottic stenosis and found that endoscopic balloon dilatation can be safe and effective in the treatment of subglottic stenosis in children. However, for patients with more severe cases (grade IV), open surgery should be considered.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yinxiao Zhang, Chi Zhang, Shuya Zhu, Jingyi Wang, He Li, Xinqi Liu
Summary: This study identified and analyzed digested soybean peptides (dPEP) utilized by L. rhamnosus Lra05 after 36 hours. The findings showed that L. rhamnosus Lra05 preferentially utilizes hydrophobic peptides with three to five amino acid residues and hydrophilic peptides with more than five residues. Moreover, they tend to use peptides with proline at penultimate C-terminal position or arginine at ultimate C-terminal position. Fraction 1 (F1) and fraction 7 (F7) obtained from dPEP exhibited the strongest growth and metabolism promoting effects, and their characteristics were similar to dPEP. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of soybean peptides as potential prebiotics.
Review
Oncology
Yunshan Li, Feihan Gu, Yaodong He, Junwei Xiang, Xu Huang, Yuanyin Wang, Ran Chen
Summary: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor that usually occurs in the salivary glands, accounting for 1% of all head and neck cancers. Studies have found an association between miRNAs and ACC, and miRNAs are becoming reliable biomarkers for disease detection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiao-Gang Wang, Tucker Carrington Jr
Summary: Due to the ubiquity and importance of water, water dimer has been extensively studied. Despite the challenges of computing the (ro-)vibrational spectrum of water dimer, a variational approach using a product contracted basis is used in this study. The full G(16) symmetry of water dimer is exploited, and the results are compared with experimental data. The study reveals surprising findings regarding tunneling splittings and vibrational shifts, and differences with previous approaches.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hua Cheng, Ziyan Guo, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiao-Jin Wang, Zizhang Li, Wen -Wen Huo, Hong-Cheng Zhong, Xiao-Jian Li, Xiang -Wen Wu, Wen-Hao Li, Zhuo-Wen Chen, Tian -Chi Wu, Xiang-Feng Gan, Bei-Long Zhong, Vassily A. Lyubetsky, Leonid Yu Rusin, Junnan Yang, Qiyi Zhao, Qing-Dong Cao, Jian-Rong Yang
Summary: Multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) is a common subtype of lung cancer, and the lesions of a single MPLC patient show functional similarities that may reflect evolutionary convergence. However, whole-exome sequencing and evolutionary tree reconstruction reveal that cancer driver gene mutations occur early in the evolution, suggesting evolutionary contingency rather than adaptive convergence. The genetic diversity within a tumor is lower than the diversity between tumors from the same MPLC patient. These findings suggest that personalized therapies should be designed and delivered on a per-lesion basis to account for the genetic diversity among different tumors in an MPLC patient.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kaihui Ji, Yanan Liu, Yinghua Luo, Xue Zhang, Yufan Bai, Hailong Yue, Pengtao Ma, Jingyang Niu, Jingping Wang
Summary: The development of high-efficiency photocatalysts is of vital importance in solving the problems of low efficiency and harsh conditions in organic oxidation reactions. This study successfully synthesized a novel hybrid polyoxometalate crystal, RuCd-SiW, which showed excellent photocatalytic activity for the selective oxidation of thioanisole under visible light irradiation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jie Hong, Zhefu Yang, Yongfeng Wang, Ronghui Cheng, Yanhong Ma
Summary: This paper investigates the combination resonances of bolted rotor systems with asymmetric preloads under multi-frequency excitation and proposes a new breathing model. Theoretical and experimental studies demonstrate that combination resonances could occur in practical dual rotor systems near specific frequencies.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Tang, Chong Liu, Chenyu Zhu, Keju Sun, He Wang, Wen Yin, Chuting Xu, Yang Li, Weiguo Wang, Li Wang, Renan Wu, Chao Liu, Jiahui Huang
Summary: By controlling the reduction speed, we synthesized a unique copper nanocluster with strong cuprophilic interaction and revealed the key steps in the nucleation process.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sizhe Duan, Xiaogang Wang, Huishan Cai, Ding Li
Summary: The nonlinear interaction between the m/n = 2/1 beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode (BAE) and the m/n = 2/1 tearing mode (TM) was studied in the HL-2A experiment using the hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code M3D-K. Results showed that the nonlinear growth of TM can lead to gradient buildup on the magnetic island (MI) edge, triggering the destabilization of the linearly-stable BAE. The triggered BAE, along with TM, redistributes energetic particles and causes inward motion of the BAE mode structure, resulting in a delay effect on the MI's saturation. Furthermore, the mode coupling of BAE and TM generates a high-frequency axisymmetric m/n = 0/0 "breathing" mode, causing synchronized periodic oscillation of MI width in agreement with experimental observations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jing-jing Wang, Meng Guo, Lin-qiao Jiang, Bin Zhang
Summary: Two sets of CCD photometric observations were obtained for contact binary TU Boo in 2020 and 2021. The new light curves revealed that the heights of maximum were almost equal, which is different from previous studies. These distortions indicate past activity of the components, but stability in recent years. The symmetric multi-color light curves in 2020 and 2021 are important for understanding the configuration and evolution of this system.
RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Huihui Liu, Jing Jing, Anxin Wang, Qin Xu, Xia Meng, Hao Li, Zixiao Li, Yongjun Wang
Summary: This study compared the risk of stroke recurrence and the responses to dual antiplatelets with ticagrelor-aspirin versus clopidogrel-aspirin between patients with posterior circulation infarct (PCI) and those with anterior circulation infarct (ACI). The study found that the risk of stroke recurrence was similar between PCI and ACI patients, and ticagrelor-aspirin was superior to clopidogrel-aspirin in reducing the risk of stroke in both PCI and ACI patients within 90 days.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Meng-Ting Jiang, Qian Yang, Jian-Long Xu, Yu Yuan, Jing-Yue Zhang, Ya-Nan Zhong, Xu Gao, Sui-Dong Wang
Summary: Monolithically integrated pixels with stacked PbS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) photodiodes and organic blocking diodes are developed for short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) crossbar imaging arrays. These pixels exhibit normally-OFF behavior due to hole blocking under zero and forward biases. This monolithic integration effectively suppresses electrical crosstalk and reduces standby power consumption, resulting in a high-performance visible-SWIR imaging sensor.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tinghui Yang, Nannan Yu, Tianren Yang, Tao Hong
Summary: In this study, the concept of social recovery is proposed and a comprehensive perspective on how a city's socioeconomic characteristics affect its social recovery is developed. The results indicate that cities with larger populations, a higher proportion of GDP in the secondary industry, higher road density, or more adequate medical resources tend to recover socially better. Furthermore, these municipal characteristics have significant spatial spillover effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Wenhao Zong, Xiaowen Lu, Guijun Dong, Li Zhang, Kefeng Li
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by stereotyped behaviors, impaired social and communication skills, and synaptic deficits. Exercise intervention has been shown to improve ASD symptoms by regulating synaptic plasticity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This review highlights the synaptic structural alterations in ASD and the beneficial effects of exercise intervention on ASD symptoms. Moreover, it explores the possible molecular mechanisms of exercise intervention in improving ASD symptoms through regulating synaptic plasticity, which may contribute to optimizing exercise intervention strategies for ASD rehabilitation in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenping Hu, Xinyue Wang, Yazhen Bi, Jingjing Bao, Mingyu Shang, Li Zhang
Summary: This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying sheep embryonic skeletal muscle development through transcriptome data analysis and molecular biology confirmation. miRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA networks were constructed, and three miRNAs and three genes related to muscle development were identified. The regulatory relationship between miR-410-5p and the TEAD1 gene in sheep embryonic myoblasts was validated, providing a reference and molecular basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of embryonic muscle development.