Article
Oncology
Stephane Fattori, Aude Le Roy, Jemila Houacine, Lucie Robert, Riad Abes, Laurent Gorvel, Samuel Granjeaud, Marie-Sarah Rouviere, Amira Ben Amara, Nicolas Boucherit, Carole Tarpin, Jihane Pakradouni, Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret, Gilles Houvenaeghel, Eric Lambaudie, Francois Bertucci, Philippe Rochigneux, Anthony Goncalves, Arnaud Foussat, Anne-Sophie Chretien, Daniel Olive
Summary: The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains controversial. This study investigates the tumor microenvironment in TNBC and finds an imbalance between suppressive Tregs and effector T cells. The selective surface marker CD25 may be a promising target for Treg depletion therapy. Furthermore, the combination of anti-CD25 antibodies and PD-1 blockade shows potential for improving antitumor immunity in TNBC.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Deanna N. Edwards, Verra M. Ngwa, Ariel L. Raybuck, Shan Wang, Yoonha Hwang, Laura C. Kim, Sung Hoon Cho, Yeeun Paik, Qingfei Wang, Siyuan Zhang, H. Charles Manning, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Rebecca S. Cook, Mark R. Boothby, Jin Chen
Summary: Research shows an inverse correlation between glutamine metabolic genes and markers of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in basal-like breast cancer patients, with increased glutamine metabolism associated with poor survival. Targeting glutamine metabolism selectively in tumors may be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving antitumor immune responses.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Stephane Fattori, Aude Le Roy, Jemila Houacine, Lucie Robert, Riad Abes, Laurent Gorvel, Samuel Granjeaud, Marie-Sarah Rouviere, Amira Ben Amara, Nicolas Boucherit, Carole Tarpin, Jihane Pakradouni, Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret, Gilles Houvenaeghel, Eric Lambaudie, Francois Bertucci, Philippe Rochigneux, Anthony Goncalves, Arnaud Foussat, Anne-Sophie Chretien, Daniel Olive
Summary: This study reveals that the presence of highly suppressive effector Tregs (eTregs) hinders effective antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The clinical translation of anti-CD25 therapy shows potential in improving the response to PD-1 blockade in TNBC patients.
Article
Oncology
Zhiqiang Ren, Yinyin Xue, Liang Liu, Xuesai Zhang, Jinpeng Pei, Yu Zhang, Yue Wang, Ker Yu
Summary: In this study, abnormal expression of tissue factor (TF) was found to be associated with poor prognosis and low immune effector cell infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Inhibition of TF in tumor cells was shown to inhibit tumor growth and increase infiltration of effector T cells. Furthermore, a fusion protein targeting both TF and TGFβ showed enhanced anti-tumor effects and improved tumor immune environment. The study also revealed a novel mechanism of TF in TNBC, which involves blocking the synthesis and secretion of chemokines CXCL9/10/11 to inhibit T cell recruitment and function.
Article
Immunology
Rajan Singh, Anshul Anand, Arun K. Rawat, Shashi Saini, Baishakhi Mahapatra, Naveen K. Singh, Alok K. Mishra, Samer Singh, Nisha Singh, Dhiraj Kishore, Vinod Kumar, Pradeep Das, Rakesh K. Singh
Summary: Leishmania parasites upregulate the expression of immune inhibitory receptor CD300a on host antigen presenting and phagocytic cells to dampen their effector functions. Blocking CD300a signals enhances the immune response, reduces parasitic uptake, and promotes the conversion of CD4(+) T cells to memory cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Barbara Ferri Moraschi, Isau Henrique Noronha, Camila Pontes Ferreira, Leonardo M. Cariste, Caroline B. Monteiro, Priscila Denapoli, Talita Vrechi, Gustavo J. S. Pereira, Ricardo T. Gazzinelli, Joseli Lannes-Vieira, Mauricio M. Rodrigues, Karina R. Bortoluci, Jose Ronnie C. Vasconcelos
Summary: Deficiency in memory formation and increased immunosenescence are key features of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. A vaccination strategy using a DNA prime and recombinant adenovirus boost has shown efficacy in generating CD8(+) T-cell response against the parasite. Inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin during vaccination enhances CD8(+) T-cell response and improves survival rates in T. cruzi-infected mice, suggesting a potential use of mTOR inhibitor as an adjuvant in vaccine development against intracellular parasites.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Farias, A. Soto, F. Puttur, C. J. Goldin, S. Sosa, C. Gil, F. A. Goldbaum, P. M. Berguer
Summary: BLS activates dendritic cells to induce secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, but its therapeutic effect diminishes in late stages of tumor growth; administration of BLS increases serum IFN-gamma levels and immune cell infiltration in the tumor, and combined with PD-1 blockade therapy, it enhances the outcome of monotherapies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Rama Rao Malla, Padmaraju Vasudevaraju, Rahul Kumar Vempati, Marni Rakshmitha, Neha Merchant, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and immunogenic subtype of breast cancer. T-regulatory cell (Treg) infiltration and other mechanisms contribute to drug resistance and early recurrence. Understanding the role of tumor-infiltrating Tregs in tumor progression and metabolic reprogramming is crucial for developing immune-based therapeutics.
Article
Biology
Alyssa Vito, Omar Salem, Nader El-Sayes, Ian P. MacFawn, Ana L. Portillo, Katy Milne, Danielle Harrington, Ali A. Ashkar, Yonghong Wan, Samuel T. Workenhe, Brad H. Nelson, Tullia C. Bruno, Karen L. Mossman
Summary: The combination immunotherapy platform in triple negative breast cancer increases tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and improves response to immune checkpoint blockade. B cells play a crucial role in antitumor immunity and modulate myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Pablo A. Silveira, Fiona Kupresanin, Adelina Romano, Wei-Hsun Hsu, Tsun-Ho Lo, Xinsheng Ju, Hsiao-Ting Chen, Helen Roberts, Daniel G. Baker, Georgina J. Clark
Summary: This study investigated the immunosuppressive mechanisms of anti-CD83 antibody treatment and found that it can achieve immune suppression and reduce the symptoms of autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis. The treatment selectively depleted mature dendritic cells and induced regulatory dendritic cells and regulatory T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yara Abdou, Atta Goudarzi, Jia Xin Yu, Samik Upadhaya, Benjamin Vincent, Lisa A. Carey
Summary: The development of immunotherapy agents has brought about revolutionary changes in the field of oncology. Currently, the only FDA-approved immunotherapeutic approach for breast cancer is immune checkpoint inhibitors, but several innovative immune-modulatory strategies are being actively studied and show promising results. In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype known for its poor prognosis and resistance to conventional treatments, there is an urgent need for innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. TNBC is more responsive to immunotherapy due to the presence of more tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, higher PD-L1 expression, and higher tumor mutation burden compared to other breast cancer subtypes.
Article
Immunology
Shi-hua Hu, Long-hui Zhang, Jie Gao, Jing-heng Guo, Xiao-dong Xun, Xiao Xiang, Qian Cheng, Zhao Li, Ji-ye Zhu
Summary: This study presents a possible mechanism for inducing nonregulatory CD4(+) T cells to become regulatory double-negative T (iDNT) cells in vitro. Immature bone marrow dendritic cells were found to induce high levels of iDNT cells, with anti-MHC-II antibody significantly increasing induction. NKG2D expression on iDNT cells enhanced their regulatory function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jake C. Harbour, Mahmoud Abdelbary, John B. Schell, Samantha P. Fancher, Jack J. McLean, Taylen J. Nappi, Susan Liu, Timothy J. Nice, Zheng Xia, Klaus Fruh, Jeffrey C. Nolz
Summary: This study found that Th1 memory CD4+ T cells are crucial for protecting against poxvirus skin infections, while CD8+ T cells are not necessary. Th1 effector memory CD4+ T cells rapidly infiltrate the poxvirus-infected skin microenvironment and produce interferon γ to promote anti-viral immunity. Keratinocytes are the key targets of IFNγ necessary for preventing poxvirus infection of the epidermis.
Article
Oncology
Na Xu, Baohong Li, Yong Liu, Cui Yang, Siqi Tang, William C. Cho, Zunnan Huang
Summary: This study identified biomarkers and potential targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) related to ferroptosis. A prognostic model composed of 12 ferroptosis-related genes was constructed and validated. Seven genes were identified as potential therapeutic targets, and two drugs were found to have potential for treating TNBC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nehal Gupta, Shreyas Gaikwad, Itishree Kaushik, Stephen E. Wright, Maciej M. Markiewski, Sanjay K. Srivastava
Summary: Atovaquone reduces the growth of triple-negative breast tumors by decreasing immunosuppressive cells, cytokines, and regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment, showing potential as an anticancer therapeutic strategy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anubhav Kumar, Asok De, R. K. Jain
Summary: This study presents a two-element textile antenna with high isolation and polarization diversity, suitable for 5G communications, wearable technology, and biomedical cancer detection applications. The use of flexible material and an orthogonally placed microstrip-feed radiator antenna enables polarization diversity, while high isolation and low correlation are achieved through a defected ground. The antenna demonstrates circular polarization and performs well in terms of impedance bandwidth, isolation, envelope correlation coefficient, and channel capacity loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sonia A. Patel, Monique B. Nilsson, Xiuning Le, Tina Cascone, Rakesh K. Jain, John V. V. Heymach
Summary: Angiogenesis is an important mechanism used by solid tumors to recruit blood vessels for growth. Drugs targeting the VEGF/VEGFR pathway have been approved for various solid tumor types, but the survival benefits have been limited. However, these drugs have the potential to reprogram the tumor microenvironment, leading to the approval of combinations with immune checkpoint blockers. Understanding the mechanisms of response and resistance to these drugs is crucial for developing more effective therapeutic approaches.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Satoru Morita, Dan G. Duda
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bolni Marius Nagalo, Yumei Zhou, Emilien J. Loeuillard, Chelsae Dumbauld, Oumar Barro, Alexander T. Baker, Mansi Arora, James M. Bogenberger, Natalie Meurice, Joachim Petit, Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson, Faaiq Asiam, Elizabeth Raupach, Musa Gabere, Alexei Basnakian, Camila C. Simoes, Martin J. Cannon, Steven R. Post, Kenneth Buetow, Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Michael T. Barrett, Dan G. Duda, Bertram Jacobs, Richard Vile, Michael A. Barry, Lewis R. Roberts, Sumera Llyas, Mitesh J. Borad
Summary: This study demonstrates that wild-type Morreton virus has potential therapeutic effects on cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro models. It can induce immune responses and lead to tumor regression. These findings support further development and clinical translation of Morreton virus as an oncolytic virotherapy platform.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shuling Chen, Cheng Huang, Guanrui Liao, Huichuan Sun, Yubin Xie, Changyi Liao, Jianping Wang, Minghui He, Huanjing Hu, Zihao Dai, Xiaoxue Ren, Xuezhen Zeng, Zhilong Lin, Guo-Pei Zhang, Wenxuan Xie, Shunli Shen, Shaoqiang Li, Sui Peng, Dong-Ming Kuang, Qiang Zhao, Dan G. Duda, Ming Kuang
Summary: Analyzing the single-cell immune ecosystems in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can aid in the development of effective immunotherapies. The study identified de novo and true recurrences in HCC samples and found distinct immune characteristics in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of these recurrences. The findings suggest the need for different immunotherapy strategies based on the type of HCC recurrence and the specific TIME.
Article
Oncology
Nisha Gupta, Hiroki Ochiai, Yoshinori Hoshino, Sebastian Klein, Jozef Zustin, Rakesh R. Ramjiawan, Shuji Kitahara, Nir Maimon, Despina Bazou, Sarah Chiang, Sen Li, Daniel H. Schanne, Rakesh. K. Jain, Lance L. Munn, Peigen Huang, Sergey V. Kozin, Dan G. Duda
Summary: Radiotherapy is an important treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Inhibition of the SDF1 alpha/CXCR4 axis, which mediates metastasis and resistance to radiotherapy, may be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer patients. Inhibition of CXCR4 with AMD3100 enhances the effect of local radiotherapy and reduces lymph node metastasis. It also promotes the normalization of vasculature and reduces tissue hypoxia in bone metastatic prostate cancer.
Article
Oncology
Yves Boucher, Jessica M. Posada, Sonu Subudhi, Ashwin S. Kumar, Spencer R. Rosario, Liqun Gu, Heena Kumra, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Nilesh P. Talele, Dan G. Duda, Dai Fukumura, Jennifer Y. Wo, Jeffrey W. Clark, David P. Ryan, Carlos Fernandez-Del Castillo, Theodore S. Hong, Mikael J. Pittet, Rakesh K. Jain
Summary: In this study, we found that adding losartan (LOS) to FOLFIRINOX (FFX) chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation (CRT) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) resulted in a 61% R0 surgical resection rate. By evaluating the effects of neoadjuvant LOS on the tumor microenvironment, we identified potential mechanisms of benefit. The results showed that LOS+FFX+CRT reduced the expression of immunosuppression and pro-invasion genes and was associated with improved overall survival (OS).
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anubhav Kumar, Asok De, R. K. Jain
Summary: In this paper, a compact two-port antenna design is proposed, featuring an open-ended slot loaded with shorting pins and a T-shaped stub. The antenna radiators, shaped like beaks, enhance bandwidth and electrical length. Dual-operating bands are achieved by the two inverted L-shaped open-ended slots, which create an effective capacitance and inductance. The T-shaped stub improves impedance matching and electrical height to ground, while the combination of the T-shape and open-ended slots provides a dual-band response and up to 8 dB of isolation improvement. Shorting pins connected to the ground exhibit inductive behavior, resulting in isolation improvements of up to 6 dB and 4 dB for the low- and high-frequency bands. The two-port antenna demonstrates over 20 dB of isolation with a mere 2 mm edge-to-edge distance. Operating in the frequency ranges of 4.1 GHz to 4.6 GHz and 5.55 GHz to 6 GHz, the antenna's size of 32 mm x 26.5 mm makes it suitable for 5G and WLAN/ISM applications.
IETE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pin-Ji Lei, Ethel R. Pereira, Patrik Andersson, Zohreh Amoozgar, Jan Willem Van Wijnbergen, Meghan J. O'Melia, Hengbo Zhou, Sampurna Chatterjee, William W. Ho, Jessica M. Posada, Ashwin S. Kumar, Satoru Morita, Lutz Menzel, Charlie Chung, Ilgin Ergin, Dennis Jones, Peigen Huang, Semir Beyaz, Timothy P. Padera
Summary: Lei et al. uncover that a subpopulation of breast cancer cells in the lymph node express MHC-II without costimulatory molecules, resulting in the expansion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells. Tumor-draining lymph nodes play a crucial role in generating tumor antigen-specific T cells and effective anticancer immune responses. However, these lymph nodes are frequently the site of metastasis, leading to immune suppression and poorer outcomes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xinyue Dong, Jun Ren, Zohreh Amoozgar, Somin Lee, Meenal Datta, Sylvie Roberge, Mark Duquette, Dai Fukumura, Rakesh K. Jain
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have limited efficacy in treating glioblastoma (GBM) and other solid tumors due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Previous studies have shown that blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling can improve tumor vessel normalization and enhance the delivery of CD8+ T cells for effective immunotherapy. In this study, the researchers tested the hypothesis that anti-VEGF therapy can improve the delivery and efficacy of CAR-T cells in mice with GBM tumors, and found that it indeed enhanced CAR-T cell infiltration, delayed tumor growth, and prolonged survival.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Eleni Gkika, Elke Firat, Sonja Adebahr, Erika Graf, Ilinca Popp, Gianluca Radicioni, Simon S. Lo, Ursula Nestle, Nils H. Nicolay, Gabriele Niedermann, Dan G. Duda, Anca-L. Grosu
Summary: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the changes in circulating immune cells after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in early-stage NSCLC patients. We found no significant increase in CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes at the first follow-up, but observed a significant expansion in Ki-67(+)CD8(+) and Ki-67(+)CD4(+) T-cell fractions in patients receiving 10 Gy or less per fraction. Our findings suggest that SBRT can induce immediate expansion of circulating effector T-cells.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Betul Gok Yavuz, Saumil Datar, Shadi Chamseddine, Yehia I. Mohamed, Michael LaPelusa, Sunyoung S. Lee, Zishuo Ian Hu, Eugene J. Koay, Hop S. Tran Cao, Prasun Kumar Jalal, Carrie Daniel-MacDougall, Manal Hassan, Dan G. Duda, Hesham M. Amin, Ahmed O. Kaseb
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, and the gut microbiome may play a role in its detection and treatment, particularly in immunotherapy. This review examines the gut microbiome's potential as a biomarker for HCC and its impact on immunotherapy. It also discusses the bidirectional interactions between the gut and liver and the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Rakesh K. Jain
