Article
Oncology
Geno Guerra, Lucie McCoy, Helen M. Hansen, Terri Rice, Annette M. Molinaro, Joseph L. Wiemels, John K. Wiencke, Margaret Wrensch, Stephen S. Francis
Summary: A study found that the survival of adults with glioma is associated with the antibody levels of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but not with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus 1/2 (HSV) antibody levels.
Review
Virology
Wayne L. Gray
Summary: This article discusses the similarities and differences between varicella zoster virus (VZV) and simian varicella virus (SVV) in causing chickenpox and herpes zoster, as well as their similarities and differences in genome. The gene expression during viral latency is also described, along with the evolutionary relationship between these two viruses.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Shaian Tavakolian, Hossein Goudarzi, Gita Eslami, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Golnaz Dehghan, Ebrahim Faghihloo
Summary: Despite medical advances, CNS diseases continue to strain the healthcare system, with infectious agents such as viruses playing a major role in accelerating conditions like meningitis. This study examined samples from 102 patients with symptoms of CNS infections, identifying a prevalence of EBV, HSV-1, and VZV, highlighting the need for further investigation into these viruses in meningitis cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kevin M. Bakker, Marisa C. Eisenberg, Robert Woods, Micaela E. Martinez
Summary: By studying the notifications of chickenpox and shingles in Thailand, it was found that both diseases have strong seasonal incidences, with a 3-month lag between the peak transmission season of chickenpox and the peak reactivation of shingles. The study utilized 14 mathematical models to examine the biological drivers of chickenpox and shingles, estimating rates of VZV transmission, reactivation, and immunity-boosting, with a focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms of the seasonal cycles of the two diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Ralph Tayyar, Dora Ho
Summary: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are alpha herpesviruses that cause recurrent infections and significant complications, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Virus-specific tests are crucial in diagnosing atypical cases. Antiviral drugs like acyclovir and valacyclovir are commonly used, with foscarnet as an alternative for resistant cases. Prophylaxis should be considered for high-risk cancer patients, and vaccines are available for preventing varicella and zoster.
Article
Immunology
Shivam K. Purohit, Alexandra J. Corbett, Barry Slobedman, Allison Abendroth
Summary: This study demonstrates that mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are susceptible to varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection and exhibit changes in the expression of functional markers. Infected MAIT cells are capable of transferring infectious virus to other permissive cells and retain the ability to migrate and activate in skin sites.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Miroslava Sudomova, Katerina Berchova-Bimova, Stefania Marzocco, Alena Liskova, Peter Kubatka, Sherif T. S. Hassan
Summary: This paper compiles studies on the anti-human oncogenic herpesvirus (HOHV) properties of the naturally occurring alkaloid berberine (BBR), as well as its preventive effects against associated cancers. It reviews the mechanisms and pathways targeted by BBR to interfere with the herpesvirus life cycle and the pathogenesis of linked malignancies, discussing approaches to enhance therapeutic efficacy and clinical applications.
Article
Microbiology
Katherine A. Willard, Ashley P. Barry, Cliff I. Oduor, John Michael Ong'echa, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Ann M. Moormann, Micah A. Luftig
Summary: In this study, we describe an unusual spontaneous lytic phenotype in EBV strains isolated from Kenyan endemic Burkitt lymphoma patients. These findings provide insight into viral and host factors involved in this process and the potential contribution of promiscuous lytic activity to the formation of EBV-associated diseases.
Review
Virology
Han Zhang, Shunli Cai, Yuan Xia, Yangxuan Lin, Guozhong Zhou, Yinghui Yu, Min Feng
Summary: This study provides evidence that overall HHVs infection increases the risk of CC incidence, with EBV and HSV-2 being potential targets in the development of new interventions or therapeutic strategies for cervical lesions.
Review
Immunology
Ahmad Firoz, Hani Mohammed Ali, Suriya Rehman, Irfan A. Rather
Summary: Gastric cancer is a global health concern with a significant number of cases. Early diagnosis and treatment improve survival rates, but advanced stage tumors have lower survival rates. Oncolytic viruses show promise as more efficient diagnostic and treatment strategies. Oncogenic viruses play a significant role in gastric cancer progression.
Article
Virology
Lingtong Huang, Xuan Zhang, Lisha Pang, Peng Sheng, Yanqiu Wang, Fan Yang, Huili Yu, Xiaohan Huang, Yue Zhu, Ning Zhang, Hongliu Cai, Lingling Tang, Xueling Fang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the landscape and clinical features of viral reactivation in the early onset of severe pneumonia in ICU patients. The most common reactivated viruses in the lower respiratory tract of patients with severe pneumonia were cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Viral reactivation was associated with an increased risk of mortality.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Ann. M. M. Arvin
Summary: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chicken pox through direct contact with skin lesions and respiratory droplets. Understanding VZV pathogenesis before adaptive immunity is induced has been challenging. Research has revealed diverse mechanisms by which VZV achieves high prevalence and persistence in humans.
MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michiel van Gent, Werner J. D. Ouwendijk, Victoria L. Campbell, Kerry J. Laing, Georges M. G. M. Verjans, David M. Koelle
Summary: This study suggests that VZV-specific CD8 T-cells play a limited role in maintaining latent infection of varicella-zoster virus in human trigeminal ganglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Christian Munz
Summary: Herpesviruses play a key role in shaping NK cell repertoires, with CMV driving NKG2C-positive NK cell accumulation and EBV expanding NKG2A-positive NK cells. While adaptive NK cells support immunity through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, NKG2A-positive NK cells seem to target lytic EBV replicating B cells. The importance of restricting EBV replication during gamma-herpesvirus pathogenesis will be discussed, along with summarizing the impact of coinfections on EBV-driven NK cell expansion.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evita Athanasiou, Antonios N. Gargalionis, Fotini Boufidou, Athanassios Tsakris
Summary: The role of HHVs, especially CMV, EBV, and HHV-6, in malignant brain tumors is controversial. These viruses have been found to promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression in brain tumors, while also potentially serving as immunotherapeutic tools.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Helga Martins, Tiago Dias Domingues, Emilia Campos de Carvalho, Fiona Timmins, Silvia Caldeira
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, and predictors of spiritual distress in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The highest prevalence of spiritual distress was found at 3 months after starting chemotherapy. Express suffering and lack of meaning in life were not only defining characteristics but also predictors of spiritual distress. This information can facilitate nurses' clinical reasoning and improve nursing care planning for cancer patients' spiritual well-being.
JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Otavio Cabral-Marques, Guido Moll, Rusan Catar, Beate Preuss, Lukas Bankamp, Ann-Christin Pecher, Joerg Henes, Reinhild Klein, A. S. Kamalanathan, Reza Akbarzadeh, Wieke van Oostveen, Bettina Hohberger, Matthias Endres, Bryan Koolmoes, Nivine Levarht, Rudmer Postma, Vincent van Duinen, Anton Jan van Zonneveld, Jeska de Vries-Bouwstra, Cynthia Fehres, Florian Tran, Fernando Yuri Nery do Vale, Kamilla Batista da Silva Souza, Igor Salerno Filgueiras, Lena F. Schimke, Gabriela Crispim Baiocchi, Gustavo Cabral de Miranda, Dennyson Leandro Mathias da Fonseca, Paula Paccielli Freire, Alexander M. Hackel, Hanna Grasshoff, Anja Stahle, Antje Mueller, Ralf Dechend, Xinhua Yu, Frank Petersen, Franziska Sotzny, Thomas P. Sakmar, Hans D. Ochs, Kai Schulze-Forster, Harald Heidecke, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Gabriela Riemekasten
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mateusz Watroba, Anna D. Grabowska, Dariusz Szukiewicz
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease that can lead to neuropathy in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are the main factors contributing to the damage of cells in the central nervous system, causing neurodegeneration and dementia. Advanced glycation end products and brain insulin resistance are also involved in the pathogenesis of long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. This review focuses on the effects of dysglycemia on the central nervous system and the mechanisms underlying the loss of blood-brain barrier integrity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Luiza Almeida Bastos, Thalyta Gleyane Silva de Carvalho, Eliana Mattos Lacerda, Marcelo Jose Monteiro Ferreira
Summary: The study aims to quantify the number of days away from work due to mental disorders (MDs) in endemic fighting agents (EFAs) in Northeast Brazil. The researchers conducted a historical cohort study using 584 expert medical records of EFAs and performed Poisson regression models to assess associations. The results showed that the days away from work increased over time. Endemic fighting agents with mood disorders (IRR, 21.37; 95% CI, 12.36-36.93), alcoholism (IRR, 17.12; 95% CI, 10.04-29.34), and stress-related disorders (IRR, 10.32; 95% CI, 6.05-17.63) had a higher risk of absenteeism longer than 15 days. The study highlights the importance of addressing MDs in EFAs.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria Teresa Prego, Maria Joana Dias, Rui Lemos Ferreira, Salome Goncalves, Tiago Dias Domingues, Greet Junius, Evi Van den Steen, Sara Galac, Rodolfo Oliveira Leal
Summary: This study evaluated the measurement of metanephrines (MN and NMN) in plasma and urine samples using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) in healthy cats and a cat with pheochromocytoma (PCC). The results showed significantly increased concentrations of MN and NMN in both plasma and urine samples of the cat with PCC, suggesting the potential clinical applicability of these biomarkers for PCC diagnosis in cats.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Susana S. A. Miguel, Tiago Dias Domingues, Silvia Caldeira
Summary: This study conducted a differential validation of nursing diagnoses of disturbed body image and low situational self-esteem in patients with head and neck cancer using Q methodology. It identified the specific defining characteristics of each diagnosis and contributed to increased knowledge of these human responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING KNOWLEDGE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Krystallenia Paniskaki, Margarethe J. Konik, Moritz Anft, Harald Heidecke, Toni L. Meister, Stephanie Pfaender, Adalbert Krawczyk, Markus Zettler, Jasmin Jaeger, Anja Gaeckler, Sebastian Dolff, Timm H. Westhoff, Hana Rohn, Ulrik Stervbo, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Oliver Witzke, Nina Babel
Summary: Although the role of adaptive SARS-CoV-2 specific immunity in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is not well explored, this study found that PASC patients have a stronger CD8+ T cell response and comparable neutralizing capacity compared to controls. The persistent inflammatory response triggered by low avidity SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD8+ T cells may be responsible for the observed sequelae in PASC patients. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of the underlying immunopathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cristina Maria Alves Marques-Vieira, Tiago Dias Domingues, Adriana Dutra Tholl, Rosane Goncalves Nitschke, Francisco Javier Perez-Rivas, Maria Julia Ajejas-Bazan, Maria Clara Roquette-Viana
Summary: Knowing the attitudes and behaviors of nursing students towards vaccination is crucial for determining the health literacy of the population. This study aimed to analyze attitudes and behaviors of Portuguese nursing students regarding vaccination. Results showed that most students had positive attitudes and 84.7% had completed their COVID-19 vaccination. Being a nursing student, in the final years of the course, and female were the factors influencing positive attitudes. These results are encouraging as these students are likely to play a key role in health promotion programs through vaccination.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric William Rogier, Emanuele Giorgi, Kevin Tetteh, Nuno Sepulveda
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ines Cunha Machado, Telmo Nunes, Miguel Maximino, Joao Malato, Luis Tavares, Virgilio Almeida, Nuno Sepulveda, Solange Gil
Summary: By creating infectious disease surveillance systems, routine collection and analysis of clinical data can contribute to an epidemiologic control of infectious diseases. The Biological Isolation and Containment Unit of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, has a database for collecting data on pets with infectious diseases. This study aims to identify the main dog infectious diseases over a 7-year period and analyze potential risk factors. The most frequent diagnoses were parvovirosis, leptospirosis, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, and distemper.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anabela Rodrigues, Tiago Dias Domingues, Gustavo Nobre De Jesus, Ana Garcao, Ana Rita Rodrigues, Catarina Jacinto Correia, Carla Leal Pereira, Dulce Correia, Alvaro Beleza, Joao Miguel Ribeiro
Summary: COVID-19-associated coagulopathy is characterized by hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis, which are present from ICU admission and persist throughout the ICU stay. These changes are more pronounced in patients with higher disease burden and in non-survivors.
ACTA MEDICA PORTUGUESA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna D. Grabowska, Mateusz Watroba, Joanna Witkowska, Agnieszka Mikulska, Nuno Sepulveda, Dariusz Szukiewicz
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in regulating the flow of substances between the blood and the central nervous system. Disruption of the BBB due to imbalanced blood glucose levels can lead to neuroinflammation and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural compound with anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, activates SIRT1, a key regulator of metabolism. This study aimed to assess the response of astrocyte SIRT1 to neuroinflammation and RSV treatment in different glycemic backgrounds. The results showed that abnormal glycemic states had a worse prognosis for RSV therapy effectiveness compared to normoglycemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Helga Martins, Tiago D. Domingues, Silvia Caldeira
Summary: During chemotherapy, cancer patients experience fluctuations in spiritual distress and religious involvement, with the highest level of distress and the lowest level of religious involvement occurring three months after starting treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING KNOWLEDGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiabao Xu, Tiffany Lodge, Caroline Kingdon, James W. L. Strong, John Maclennan, Eliana Lacerda, Slawomir Kujawski, Pawel Zalewski, Wei E. Huang, Karl J. Morten
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using a single-cell Raman platform and artificial intelligence to diagnose and manage ME/CFS. The Raman profiles of blood cells can accurately distinguish between healthy individuals, disease controls, and ME/CFS patients, as well as differentiate between different severity levels of ME/CFS. The identification of specific Raman peaks also provides insights into biological changes and potential therapeutic targets.