Article
Plant Sciences
Chi Zhang, Kostadin E. Atanasov, Ruben Alcazar
Summary: Putrescine and spermine have opposite effects on PAMP-induced ROS production and different Ca(2+) signals, leading to differential regulation of gene expression and disease resistance. This study provides evidence for the differential contributions of putrescine and spermine to pathogen-induced immune responses and plant defense.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asjad Visnagri, Rafael R. Oexner, Katarzyna Kmiotek-Wasylewska, Min Zhang, Anna Zoccarato, Ajay M. Shah
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF). NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are major sources of ROS and are expressed in various heart cell types. Recent research has shown that NOX2 and NOX4 have different effects on cardiac phenotype, with NOX2 contributing to pathological remodeling and dysfunction, and NOX4 potentially exerting protective effects. Inhibition of NOX2 could be a promising therapeutic target for pathological cardiac remodeling, while enhancing the beneficial effects of NOX4 may be a unique approach to promote adaptive responses and impact cell survival, activation, contractility, and growth.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Andrew J. Robinson, Sara Davies, Richard L. Darley, Alex Tonks
Summary: In AML patients, over 60% exhibit constitutive activation of NOX2 and increased ROS production. This leads to increased glucose uptake and proliferation in AML cells, as well as changes in carbohydrate metabolism. Metabolomic profiling revealed significant ROS-specific metabolic alterations in sphingolipid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, purine metabolism, amino acid homeostasis, and glycolysis, providing further evidence of ROS rewiring metabolism in AML.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Bridget Kastelberg, Tariq Ayubi, Nuria Tubau-Juni, Andrew Leber, Raquel Hontecillas, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Shiv D. Kale
Summary: The Nlr family member X1 (Nlrx1) plays a crucial role in host defense against fungal infections by modulating the host metabolism, particularly glycolysis, to facilitate conidia processing and regulating immune signaling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregory E. Conner
Summary: The redox status of cells is crucial for cellular activities; H2O2 metabolism regulates the redox status by modifying protein cysteine oxidation; Calcium-stimulated epithelial Duox H2O2 synthesis is transient and prevents harmful changes in redox tone following continuous stimulation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tullia Maraldi, Cristina Angeloni, Cecilia Prata, Silvana Hrelia
Summary: This review highlights the role of NOX-derived ROS in stem cell biology and functions, focusing on the positive and negative effects triggered by the activity of different NOX isoforms. Recent findings on downstream molecular targets of NOX-ROS signaling that can modulate stem cell homeostasis and lineage commitment are discussed, along with implications in ex vivo expansion and in vivo engraftment, function, and longevity. The pivotal role of NOX as a regulator of several stem cell populations is underscored, and further studies on the effects of pharmacological modulation of NOX in human stem cells are deemed imperative.
Review
Cell Biology
Timothy Fabisiak, Manisha Patel
Summary: Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. They have significant crosstalk and influence each other through various mechanisms, affecting epileptic processes and disease outcomes. Treatment strategies targeting oxidative stress and redox regulation may help control neuroinflammation and improve patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Cheong Hoon Kwon, Minchul Kang, Minseong Kwon, Donghyeon Nam, Yongkwon Song, Euiju Yong, Min-Kyu Oh, Yongju Kim, Bongjun Yeom, Jun Hyuk Moon, Seung Woo Lee, Jinhan Cho
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of a unique amphiphilic assembly method to generate hybrid biofuel cells with high power output and good operational stability. The assembled biofuel cell exhibits remarkably high power output (7.3 mW cm(-2)) and good operational durability.
APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuri Zilberter, Dennis R. Tabuena, Misha Zilberter
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) causing cognitive impairment and dementia are difficult to treat due to a lack of understanding of their primary initiating factors. Recent research suggests that early oxidative stress caused by NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation may be a shared initiating mechanism among major sporadic NDDs. This study focuses on Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and acquired epilepsy, and explores the commonalities in neuroinflammation and NOX involvement to identify therapeutic targets and gain a deeper understanding of the underlying causes of NDDs.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Massari, Callum R. Nicoll, Sara Marchese, Andrea Mattevi, Maria Laura Mascotti
Summary: This article investigates the phylogenetic analysis of the NADPH oxidase family in eukaryotes and finds that all known members share a common ancestor. Calcium-dependency is identified as the earliest form of NOX regulation, while the protein-protein mode of regulation is a more recent event generated by gene duplication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renato Simoes Gaspar, Plinio M. Ferreira, Joanne L. Mitchell, Giordano Pula, Jonathan M. Gibbins
Summary: The study shows that PDEVs contain Nox-1 and can induce platelet activation through Nox1-mediated superoxide generation. Inhibition of Nox-1 eliminates PDEV-mediated platelet activation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yawei Bi, Xiao Lei, Ningli Chai, Enqiang Linghu
Summary: NOX4 is upregulated in pancreatic cancer and primarily produces hydrogen peroxide, exhibiting different properties from other NOX family subtypes. Recent studies suggest that NOX4 promotes pancreatic cancer occurrence and development, making it a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Mari Herfindal, Sergio Domingos Cardoso Rocha, Dimitrios Papoutsis, Siv Kjolsrud Bohn, Harald Carlsena
Summary: NOX1 plays a significant role in ROS/RNS production in the colon and modulation of the colonic microbiota.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iuliia Azarova, Elena Klyosova, Alexey Polonikov
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between RAC1 gene polymorphisms and the risk and pathogenesis of T2D, identifying potential genetic markers and redox balance changes associated with the disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino, Rosario Ammendola, Fabio Cattaneo, Gabriella Esposito
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that can induce cytotoxicity or regulate cellular physiology. Among the ROS, the superoxide anion radical (O2 center dot-) plays a key role in redox signaling, generated by the NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme family and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. In this review, the authors discuss the emerging roles of NOX enzymes in modulating cancer cell metabolism and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets for rewiring tumor metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)