Review
Cell Biology
Ashlesha Kadam, Pooja Jadiya, Dhanendra Tomar
Summary: Mitochondria play a critical role in energy metabolism and signal transduction, which is regulated by proteins, metabolites, and ion fluxes. Mitochondrial membranes have distinct permeabilities to ions and metabolites. Channels and transporters on the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes mediate metabolite and ion fluxes, and are regulated by post-translational modifications. The mitochondrial protein quality control system ensures efficient molecular flux and removal of mistargeted or defective proteins. Understanding mitochondrial channels and transporters is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing pathological conditions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soroosh Solhjoo, Ting Liu, Agnieszka Sidor, Dong I. Lee, Brian O' Rourke, Charles Steenbergen
Summary: Ischemia and reperfusion affect multiple elements of cardiomyocyte electrophysiology, especially within the mitochondria. Here, through confocal microscopy, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the postischemic Delta Psi oscillations, focusing on the role of Ca2+ and oxidative stress. We found that transient bouts of increased mitochondrial oxidative stress underlie postischemic Delta Psi oscillations, regardless of Ca2+ dynamics.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaofan Ning, Xinyue Li, Kai Ma, Huan Pang, Tiantian Tian, Huifang Hao, Qiaohong Hou, Meng Li, Tianxiang Liu, Shanshan Hou, Haiying Du, Xiuling Song, Zhiwei Sun, Chao Zhao, Minghua Jin
Summary: Silica nanoparticles are widely used in industry, electronics, and pharmaceutical industries, as well as medicine, tumor treatment and diagnosis, and other biomedical and biotechnology fields. The increasing exposure to silica nanoparticles through iatrogenic, occupational, and environmental sources has raised concerns about their potential damage and effects on the nervous system.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
You-Hui Zhong, Ze-Jun Guo, Ming-Yue Wei, Ji-Cheng Wang, Shi-Wei Song, Bing-Jie Chi, Yu-Chen Zhang, Jing-Wen Liu, Jing Li, Xue-Yi Zhu, Han-Chen Tang, Ling-Yu Song, Chao-Qun Xu, Hai-Lei Zheng
Summary: This study investigated the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the adaptation of mangrove plant Avicennia marina to waterlogging. The results showed that waterlogging caused oxidative damage in the roots, but the application of H2S counteracted the damage. H2S reduced mitochondrial ROS production by increasing the expressions of alternative oxidase genes and altering mitochondrial respiration. In addition, H2S enhanced the antioxidant system and activated intracellular calcium sensing. This study provides evidence for the role of H2S in waterlogging adaptation in mangrove plants from a mitochondrial perspective.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Joyce T. Varughese, Susan K. Buchanan, Ashley S. Pitt
Summary: Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a beta-barrel membrane protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, playing major roles in regulating various physiological processes and contributing to the development of diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tingting Zhao, Delphine Arbelet-Bonnin, Daniel Tran, Emanuela Monetti, Arnaud Lehner, Patrice Meimoun, Takashi Kadono, Aurelien Dauphin, Rafik Errakhi, David Reboutier, Sylvie Cangemi, Tomonori Kawano, Stefano Mancuso, Hayat El-Maarouf-Bouteau, Patrick Laurenti, Francois Bouteau
Summary: Using Arabidopsis thaliana cultured cells, this study analyzed early cellular responses to sorbitol-induced hyperosmotic stress, revealing biphasic and dual responses in the cells. These responses included survival adaptation through signaling and osmotic adjustment, as well as programmed cell death in part of the cell population, raising questions about the induction of different behaviors in response to the same hyperosmotic condition.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeonghan Kim, Ho-Shik Kim, Jay. H. H. Chung
Summary: Inflammatory diseases: Understanding mitochondrial DNA release
Cytosolic DNA activates the cGAS-STING pathway, which mediates inflammation and antiviral response. One source of cytosolic DNA is 'self ' DNA, such as mitochondrial DNA. Studying how mitochondria release DNA and trigger dangerous immune responses can lead to potential treatments for inflammatory diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Kobylinska, Malgorzata Maria Posmyk
Summary: Recent studies have shown that melatonin plays a critical role in plant physiology by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing defense mechanisms during environmental stresses. Experiments with Nicotiana tabacum L. cells exposed to lead demonstrated that pretreatment with melatonin protected the cells against lead-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-like activation, potentially enhancing plant survival and tolerance to lead.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sung Ho Lim, Seoungpyo Bae, Ho Seon Lee, Hyo-Kyung Han, Chang-Ik Choi
Summary: Most drugs are derived from natural sources and require chemical modifications for use. Combining herbal products with conventional drugs can reduce their therapeutic effects and cause serious side effects. This study found that betanin acts as a competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, highlighting the need for caution when using it with other drugs that require metabolic enzymes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ying Li, Chang Liu, Manyao Qi, Tiantian Ye, Ying Kang, Yu Wang, Xiaofeng Wang, Hua Xue
Summary: Seeds are important for preserving germplasm, but they can undergo irreversible decrease in vigor known as seed aging. Mitochondria, a crucial organelle, plays a role in programmed cell death during seed aging, but the mechanism is unclear. This study found that metal binding proteins in mitochondria, specifically UpVDAC, are the main targets of carbonylation during seed aging. The binding ability of UpVDAC to metal ions is related to carbonylation modification and may regulate cell vitality, seedling growth, and seed aging.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jakub Pagacz, Agnieszka Broniec, Malgorzata Wolska, Artur Osyczka, Arkadiusz Borek
Summary: Cytochrome bc(1), also known as mitochondrial complex III, is an important producer of ROS in living organisms; recent research shows that it can also generate ROS in a non-inhibited system and that the production is influenced by the rate of operation and mitochondrial mutations.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yukun Wang, Makoto Shirakawa, Toshiro Ito
Summary: This study reveals the dynamic changes in stem cell death and activity during the life cycle of Arabidopsis thaliana, as well as the role of reactive oxygen species in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Minsu Park, Kyoung Sunwoo, Yoon-Jae Kim, Miae Won, Yunjie Xu, Jaewon Kim, Zhongji Pu, Mingle Li, Ji Young Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Jong Seung Kim
Summary: A new drug, Bo-Mt-Ge, has been developed to selectively kill cancer stem cells by blocking proton leaks on the inner mitochondrial membrane. It also has the ability to overcome therapeutic resistance. This drug showed high safety and efficacy in vitro and in vivo, providing a promising solution for future cancer stem cell therapies.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Minsu Park, Kyoung Sunwoo, Yoon-Jae Kim, Miae Won, Yunjie Xu, Jaewon Kim, Zhongji Pu, Mingle Li, Ji Young Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Jong Seung Kim
Summary: A study introduces a new method to selectively eliminate cancer stem cells by cutting off proton leaks on the inner mitochondrial membrane. A molecule channel blocker called Bo-Mt-Ge, derived from Gardenia jasminoides fruit extract, is developed. This study also identifies the mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2 as being closely correlated with the stemness of cancer stem cells, providing a new perspective for drug discovery targeting these cells.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Bernardi, Christoph Gerle, Andrew P. Halestrap, Elizabeth A. Jonas, Jason Karch, Nelli Mnatsakanyan, Evgeny Pavlov, Shey-Shing Sheu, Alexander A. Soukas
Summary: The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is a Ca2+-dependent and cyclophilin D (CypD)-facilitated increase in inner mitochondrial membrane permeability. It is mediated by the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which allows diffusion of molecules up to 1.5 kDa in size. Sustained mPTP opening leads to mitochondrial swelling and cell death, while transient mPTP opening can have physiological roles such as changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics and Ca2+ efflux.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)