Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priyanka Singh, Marion E. Pesenti, Stefano Maffini, Sara Carmignani, Marius Hedtfeld, Arsen Petrovic, Anupallavi Srinivasamani, Tanja Bange, Andrea Musacchio
Summary: PLK1 is recruited to kinetochores through BUB1 and CENP-U, sharing sequence motifs facilitating binding and dimerization, with priming phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and PLK1 itself being necessary for this process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurelien Courtois, Shuhei Yoshida, Osamu Takenouchi, Kohei Asai, Tomoya S. Kitajima
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments in confining MTOC positions at spindle poles and limiting spindle elongation in acentriolar spindles. The gradual MTOC sorting process in the metaphase spindle is crucial for maintaining spindle integrity. Disruption of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments leads to failure in MTOC confinement and spindle elongation termination.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Max A. B. Haase, Guojon Olafsson, Rachel L. Flores, Emmanuel Boakye-Ansah, Alex Zelter, Miles Sasha Dickinson, Luciana Lazar-Stefanita, David M. Truong, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha N. Davis, Jef D. Boeke
Summary: Forcing budding yeast to use human histones to chromatinize their DNA comes with a sudden fitness cost. Previous research suggested chromosomal aneuploidy and missense mutations as two potential adaptation modes to histone humanization. However, we found that aneuploidy in histone-humanized yeasts is specific to certain chromosomes with defined centromeric evolutionary origins, but these aneuploidies are not adaptive. Instead, a set of missense mutations in outer kinetochore proteins are driving the adaptation to human histones.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Babhrubahan Roy, Simon J. Y. Han, Adrienne N. Fontan, Soubhagyalaxmi Jema, Ajit P. Joglekar
Summary: Accurate chromosome segregation during cell division requires proper attachment between the spindle apparatus and the chromosomes. This is ensured by the combined activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and an error correction mechanism. Research has shown that Aurora B kinase directly promotes the production of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) and works downstream of Mps1 in promoting SAC signaling.
Review
Cell Biology
Joao Barbosa, Claudio E. Sunkel, Carlos Conde
Summary: This review provides an overview of the molecular strategies that monitor and fine-tune KT-MT attachment formation during mitosis, to ensure accurate segregation of sister chromatids. This process is crucial for safe mitotic progression.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Craske, Thibault Legal, Julie P. I. Welburn
Summary: In this study, we characterized the motility of human CENP-E in vitro and found that the full-length form exhibits longer run length and residency times on microtubules compared to motor truncations. We also discovered that the non-motor coiled-coil regions self-regulate the motor activity. These findings provide a useful tool to study the mechanistic basis of how human CENP-E drives chromosome congression and spindle organization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Verena Cmentowski, Giuseppe Ciossani, Ennio d'Amico, Sabine Wohlgemuth, Mikito Owa, Brian Dynlacht, Andrea Musacchio
Summary: The RZZS complex and CENP-E are closely connected and reciprocally required for their own kinetochore recruitment and dynein localization to the corona.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayumu Yamamoto
Summary: Accurate chromosome segregation is crucial for cell proliferation and sexual reproduction. While the mechanisms of attachment selection and elimination are not fully understood, recent studies suggest that chromosome oscillation may play a role in the elimination of erroneous attachments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Carvalhal, Ingrid Bader, Martin A. Rooimans, Anneke B. Oostra, Jesper A. Balk, Rene G. Feichtinger, Christine Beichler, Michael R. Speicher, Johanna M. van Hagen, Quinten Waisfisz, Mieke van Haelst, Martijn Bruijn, Alexandra Tavares, Johannes A. Mayr, Rob M. F. Wolthuis, Raquel A. Oliveira, Job de Lange
Summary: BUB1 mutations cause neurodevelopmental disorder with cellular phenotypes similar to other syndromes.
Article
Cell Biology
Janet K. Jang, Amy C. Gladstein, Arunika Das, Joanatta G. Shapiro, Zachary L. Sisco, Kim S. McKim
Summary: The study highlights the critical role of PP2A in maintaining spindle assembly and sister chromatid cohesion in Drosophila oocytes, showing an interplay with Aurora B activity.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabine Elowe, Victor M. Bolanos-Garcia
Summary: In this article, the roles of BUB1 and BUBR1 in mitosis are discussed, as well as their highly specific interactions through SLiMs, which drive SAC signaling and ensure genome stability.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ho-Soo Lee, Sunwoo Min, Ye-Eun Jung, Sunyoung Chae, June Heo, Jae-Ho Lee, TaeSoo Kim, Ho-Chul Kang, Makoto Nakanish, Sun-Shin Cha, Hyeseong Cho
Summary: The study reveals that the RSF1-PLK1 axis plays a crucial role in the activation of Aurora B, enhancing its catalytic activity through phosphorylation and promoting chromosome alignment and segregation. This kinase combination is crucial for regulating dynamic microtubule-kinetochore attachment in early mitosis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Diana Papini, Mark D. Levasseur, Jonathan M. G. Higgins
Summary: Aurora B and Cyclin B-Cdk1 are crucial for stable kinetochore formation in mitosis, especially during anaphase. Despite Aurora B leaving centromeres during anaphase, a gradient of Aurora B activity centered on the central spindle continues to modulate kinetochore stability and function.
Article
Cell Biology
Divine Mensah Sedzro, Xiao Yuan, McKay Mullen, Umer Ejaz, Tongtong Yang, Xu Liu, Xiaoyu Song, Yun-Chi Tang, Weijun Pan, Peng Zou, Xinjiao Gao, Dongmei Wang, Zhikai Wang, Zhen Dou, Xing Liu, Xuebiao Yao
Summary: The study reveals that CENP-R collaborates with CENP-OPQU to regulate the stability of kinetochore-microtubule attachment and ensure accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. Phosphorylation of CENP-R affects its localization to the kinetochore, possibly by disrupting its binding with CENP-U.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Qiqi Sun, Feng Liu, Xiaolong Mo, Bo Yao, Guanghai Liu, Shanshan Chen, Yanping Ren
Summary: This review focuses on the specific mechanisms of shugoshin in regulating cohesin, kinetochore-microtubule connections, and chromosomal instability.
CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Weiping Lu, Wen Cui, Xiaogang Zhang, Yali Zhang, Shu Yang, Jian Pu, Junyan Li, Zhongmin Jin
Summary: The friction and wear behaviors between cartilage replacement materials and articular cartilage are crucial for the function and performance of the replacements. This study investigated the difference between cross-shear motion and reciprocal linear motion on the frictional and wear behaviors of cartilage, as well as the effect of bearing surface roughness. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two motion types. The water contact angle of the bearing surface affected the friction and wear behaviors for low roughness implants, while the surface roughness of the material affected the behaviors for high roughness implants. PEEK was found to be a suitable material for osteochondral implants.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiong Nan, Si Nian Char, Bing Yang, Eric J. Bennett, Bing Yang, Michelle R. Facette
Summary: Cell polarization prior to asymmetric cell division is crucial for correct cell division, cell fate, and tissue patterning. In maize stomatal development, WPR proteins have been identified as important players in the polarization of subsidiary mother cells (SMCs), interacting with PAN receptors and polarly accumulating in SMCs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bao-qin Liu, Rong-bei Liu, Wen-ping Li, Xin-tao Mao, Yi-ning Li, Tao Huang, Hao-li Wang, Hao-tian Chen, Jiang-yan Zhong, Bing Yang, Ren-jie Chai, Qian Cao, Jin Jin, Yi-yuan Li
Summary: IRF3 and IRF7 are crucial regulators of type I interferon-dependent antiviral innate immunity. This study uncovers the unexpected functions of the XAF1-XIAP axis and KLHL22 in the regulation of IRF7 stability, providing an important target for antiviral innate immunity.
Review
Plant Sciences
Ying Wu, William Sexton, Bing Yang, Shunyuan Xiao
Summary: Nonhost resistance (NHR) in plants refers to the immunity of most tested genotypes of a plant species against most tested variants of a pathogen species. NHR is a broad spectrum and durable defense mechanism that serves as a major barrier against potentially pathogenic microbes invading plants. Through genetic studies, researchers have made significant progress in understanding the molecular basis of NHR, which includes pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. This review discusses the challenges in genetic studies of NHR and summarizes the approaches used to identify genes contributing to NHR, with a focus on dissecting multilayered NHR in model plants against filamentous pathogens.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuecong Ren, Hengda Zhou, Yujie Sun, Hongying Fu, Yu Ran, Bing Yang, Fan Yang, Mikael Bjorklund, Suhong Xu
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that the MIRO-1 protein is increased in fragmented mitochondria and plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. They also observed higher levels of membrane potential in fragmented mitochondria in mutant and wounded animals. Furthermore, they discovered that MIRO-1 interacts with VDAC-1, an important mitochondrial ion channel, and this interaction relies on specific residues. The disruption of this interaction results in a reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings provide insights into the stochastic maintenance of membrane potential in fragmented mitochondria.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ajay Gupta, Bo Liu, Qi-Jun Chen, Bing Yang
Summary: The study demonstrates the successful use of an improved prime editing system to implement two new strategies for resistance against bacterial blight in rice. The editing of the SWEET14 gene and TFIIA gene resulted in resistance against Xoo strains, and the system also achieved high efficiency in introducing a 30-nucleotide cis-regulatory element. This research provides promising approaches for protecting rice against evolving Xoo strains.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jitesh Kumar, Si Nian Char, Trevor Weiss, Hua Liu, Bo Liu, Bing Yang, Feng Zhang
Summary: Efficient and precise targeted insertion in plant genome editing remains challenging. However, a recent study combined CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing with chemically protected dsODNs and achieved high efficiency and control over the direction of targeted insertions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Katherine M. Murphy, Tyler Dowd, Ahmed Khalil, Si Nian Char, Bing Yang, Benjamin J. Endelman, Patrick M. Shih, Christopher Topp, Eric A. Schmelz, Philipp Zerbe
Summary: In maize, two major groups of specialized metabolites, kauralexins and dolabralexins, are involved in defending against pathogens, herbivores, and other stressors. This study examined the dolabralexin pathway and found new metabolites and characterized their production. Genetic analysis showed that dolabralexin biosynthesis occurs mainly in primary roots and varies across different maize lines. Loss-of-function mutants for the diterpene synthase gene ZmKSL4 demonstrated deficient dolabralexin production and exhibited altered root architecture in response to water deficit. These findings suggest that maize dolabralexins play a role in plant vigor during abiotic stress.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jimin Li, Jingyu Zhao, Xiaoli Gan, Yanyan Wang, Donghao Jiang, Liang Chen, Fangwei Wang, Jingyan Xu, Huadong Pei, Jun Huang, Xuefeng Chen
Summary: The interaction between the single-strand DNA-binding factor Replication protein A (RPA) and Ring finger protein 20 (RNF20) is important for chromosome segregation and DNA repair. RPA recruits RNF20 to mitotic centromeres and chromosomal breaks, leading to proper loading of repair proteins and maintenance of genome stability. The RPA-RNF20-SNF2H cascade plays a crucial role in preserving genome stability by coupling histone modification to chromosome segregation and DNA repair.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Wu, Shang -Tong Li, Yu Ran, Yinuo Lin, Lu Liu, Xiajun Zhang, Lianqi Zhou, Long Zhang, Donghai Wu, Bing Yang, Shibing Tang
Summary: In this study, a strategy using live cell chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry was presented to identify potential substrates of enzymes for further validation. Compared with other methods, this strategy eliminates false-positive discoveries and provides additional information for substrate validation through the analysis of cross-linking sites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying-Hui Wang, Hong Dai, Ling Zhang, Yun Wu, Jingfen Wang, Chen Wang, Cai-Huang Xu, Hai Hou, Bing Yang, Yongqun Zhu, Xing Zhang, Jie Zhou
Summary: In this study, the cryo-electron microscopy structures of archaeal ribosomes from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius were determined, revealing unstable conformations of certain ribosomal RNA and providing models for new ribosomal proteins. The structures of the 50S-aRF1 complex and 70S ribosome complexes captured at different functional states shed light on translation termination and tRNA translocation. These findings enhance our understanding of archaeal translation and ribosome translocation.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haiyan Yan, Weiguo Lu, Fangwei Wang
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)