Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin Brustolin, Nina Touly, Marine Maillefer, Lola Parisot, Elisa Di Pillo, Marc Derive, Sebastien Gibot
Summary: This study demonstrates that TREM-1 plays a significant role in obesity and its associated complications. In the mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity, suppressing TREM-1 reduces weight gain, insulin resistance, and inflammation in white adipose tissue and liver. Therefore, TREM-1 could be a potential therapeutic target for obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed K. Aladhami, Christian A. Unger, Shannon L. Ennis, Diego Altomare, Hao Ji, Marion C. Hope, Kandy T. Velazquez, Reilly T. Enos
Summary: Macrophage-derived TNF-alpha does not play a significant role in the development of obesity, but can reduce TNF-alpha gene expression and circulating levels in adipose tissue, as well as modulate specific signaling pathway gene expression.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vikram Patial, Swati Katoch, Jyoti Chhimwal, Garima Dadhich, Vinesh Sharma, Ajay Rana, Robin Joshi, Yogendra Padwad
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic and a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease. This study investigated the preventive effect of green tea catechins (GTC) on obesity-induced kidney damage and identified the molecular mechanism involved. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GTC treatment reduced fat accumulation and modulated the expressions of key molecules in fat metabolism in cultured kidney cells. In vivo experiments in rats fed a high-fat diet showed that GTC treatment significantly reduced weight gain and improved markers of kidney function. GTC also improved insulin sensitivity and reduced kidney tissue damage. Furthermore, GTC treatment promoted the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and improved gut health and metabolism. Overall, GTC prevented obesity-induced kidney damage by modulating specific signaling pathways and maintaining gut health.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lindsey A. Muir, Kae Won Cho, Lynn M. Geletka, Nicki A. Baker, Carmen G. Flesher, Anne P. Ehlers, Niko Kaciroti, Stephen Lindsly, Scott Ronquist, Indika Rajapakse, Robert W. O'Rourke, Carey N. Lumeng
Summary: This study identified different subtypes of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in obese and diabetic individuals and found that these subtypes play different roles in inflammation and insulin resistance. CD206(+)CD11c(-) ATMs were increased in diabetic participants and expressed proinflammatory cytokines and scavenger receptors, while the other two subtypes were lipid antigen presenting.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Satish Patel, Afreen Haider, Anna Alvarez-Guaita, Guillaume Bidault, Julia Sarah El-Sayed Moustafa, Esther Guiu-Jurado, John A. Tadross, James Warner, James Harrison, Samuel Virtue, Fabio Scurria, Ilona Zvetkova, Matthias Bluher, Kerrin S. Small, Stephen O'Rahilly, David B. Savage
Summary: The study found that circulating GDF15 and FGF21 in obesity are largely derived from the liver, and whole body deletion of FGF21 and GDF15 does not lead to additional weight gain in response to high fat feeding but does result in increased hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathryn Miranda, William Becker, Philip B. Busbee, Nicholas Dopkins, Osama A. Abdulla, Yin Zhong, Jiajia Zhang, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash S. Nagarkatti
Summary: This study investigates the role of CB1 in immune and non-immune cells during diet-induced obesity (DIO). The results show that CB1 in non-immune cells is necessary for induction of DIO, while CB1 in immune cells exacerbates DIO and leads to other metabolic abnormalities.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Margarita Simonyan, Anna Fisun, Galina Afanaseva, Oxana Glushkovskaya-Semyachkina, Inna Blokhina, Anton Selskii, Maksim Zhuravlev, Anastasiya Runnova
Summary: In this study, a modified wavelet oscillatory pattern method is proposed for analyzing energy characteristics of oscillatory components in complex signals. The energy analysis of oscillatory wavelet patterns allows for fast sorting of oscillatory components in frequency and power, enabling further statistical calculation of the observed technologies. This technique can be used in studying the electrophysiological features of brain activity during animals' sleep and awake states. The method was used to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of the brain during sleep and awake states in animals, and it was found that there were significant changes in the oscillatory structure of electrophysiological signals during NREM sleep and awake states in rats with severe visceral obesity. These changes may be associated with shifts in homeostasis indicators due to animal obesity.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaoli Wang, Tao Ba, Yunjie Cheng, Peipei Zhang, Xiangyun Chang
Summary: Probiotic intervention can alleviate weight gain, improve metabolic parameters, and reduce adipose inflammation in HFD-induced obesity, potentially depending on the restoration of visceral adipose iNKT cells.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gordon Chun Kau Chan, Win Hlaing Than, Bonnie Ching Ha Kwan, Ka Bik Lai, Ronald Cheong Kin Chan, Jeremy Yuen Chun Teoh, Jack Kit Chung Ng, Kai Ming Chow, Phyllis Mei Shan Cheng, Man Ching Law, Chi Bon Leung, Philip Kam Tao Li, Cheuk Chun Szeto
Summary: This study found that miR-221 and miR-222 are associated with the progression of obesity, insulin resistance, and new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) after peritoneal dialysis (PD).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana R. Sequeira, Jonathan S. T. Woodhead, Alex Chan, Randall F. D'Souza, Junxiang Wan, Kieren G. Hollingsworth, Lindsay D. Plank, Pinchas Cohen, Sally D. Poppitt, Troy L. Merry
Summary: Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), particularly waist circumference and liver fat. Liver fat may be a primary driver influencing these associations.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadia Di Pietrantonio, Carola Palmerini, Caterina Pipino, Maria Pompea Antonia Baldassarre, Giuseppina Bologna, Angelika Mohn, Cosimo Giannini, Paola Lanuti, Francesco Chiarelli, Assunta Pandolfi, Natalia Di Pietro
Summary: Childhood obesity is associated with impaired vascular insulin sensitivity, altered oxidant-antioxidant state, and chronic inflammation leading to endothelial dysfunction. In vitro study shows that inhibiting the mTORC1-S6K1 pathway can restore insulin receptor signaling and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in childhood obesity.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angela Lehn-Stefan, Andreas Peter, Jurgen Machann, Fritz Schick, Elko Randrianarisoa, Martin Heni, Robert Wagner, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Andreas Fritsche, Hans-Ulrich Haring, Harald Staiger, Norbert Stefan
Summary: Elevated plasma glutamate levels are associated with increased carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), independently of established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and this relationship may be partially explained by IL-6-associated subclinical inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Nathan C. Winn, Elysa M. Wolf, Jamie N. Garcia, Alyssa H. Hasty
Summary: Trem2, highly expressed on myeloid cells, is involved in lipid homeostasis and inflammation. This study aimed to determine the causal role of Trem2 in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bynvant Sandhu, Maria C. Perez-Matos, Stephanie Tran, Garima Singhal, Ismail Syed, Linda Feldbruegge, Shuji Mitsuhashi, Julie Pelletier, Jinhe Huang, Yusuf Yalcin, Eva Csizmadia, Shilpa Tiwari-Heckler, Keiichi Enjyoji, Jean Sevigny, Eleftheria Maratos-Flier, Simon C. Robson, Z. Gordon Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of NTPDase3 deficiency on diet-induced obesity and metabolism in mice. The results showed that global NTPDase3 deletion led to resistance to obesity and glucose intolerance, with metabolic changes in adipocytes playing a key role rather than NTPDase3 expression in pancreatic beta-cells.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Shum, Mayuko Segawa, Raffi Gharakhanian, Ana Vinuela, Matthew Wortham, Siyouneh Baghdasarian, Dane M. Wolf, Samuel B. Sereda, Laura Nocito, Linsey Stiles, Zhiqiang Zhou, Vincent Gutierrez, Maike Sander, Orian S. Shirihai, Marc Liesa
Summary: Elevated fasting insulinemia in normoglycemic individuals is a major predictor of insulin resistance and the onset of type 2 diabetes, indicating early dysfunction of beta-cell function. Variants of the ABCB10 gene have been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, suggesting a potential genetic factor in beta-cell-initiated insulin resistance. Studies have shown that ABCB10 is required for high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance by promoting beta-cell mass expansion and contributing to fasting hyperinsulinemia.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Emily J. Onufer, Yong-Hyun Han, Cathleen Courtney, Allie Steinberger, Maria Tecos, Stephanie Sutton, Anne Sescleifer, Jocelyn Ou, Rafael Sanguinetti Czepielewski, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Brad W. Warner
Summary: The study found that the 129S1/SvImJ mouse strain showed resistance to liver injury after small bowel resection, while the C57BL/6J mice exhibited hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and cholestasis, mainly due to increased endotoxin-driven inflammatory pathways.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jin Li, Erwei Li, Rafael S. Czepielewski, Jingyi Chi, Xiao Guo, Yong-Hyun Han, Daqing Wang, Luhong Wang, Bo Hu, Brian Dawes, Christopher Jacobs, Danielle Tenen, Samuel J. Lin, Bernard Lee, Donald Morris, Adam Tobias, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Paul Cohen, Linus Tsai, Evan D. Rosen
Summary: Research has shown that lymphatic endothelial cells highly express neurotensin, with its expression being influenced by cold and norepinephrine to regulate adipose tissue thermogenesis. Treatment with NTS can decrease the expression of thermogenic genes in brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, NTS affects cold tolerance and energy expenditure through NTSR2 and ERK signaling pathways.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yong-Hyun Han, Emily J. Onufer, Li-Hao Huang, Robert W. Sprung, W. Sean Davidson, Rafael S. Czepielewski, Mary Wohltmann, Mary G. Sorci-Thomas, Brad W. Warner, Gwendalyn J. Randolph
Summary: Research shows that HDL3 derived from the intestine can enter the bloodstream through the portal vein, preventing the binding of lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory activation of liver macrophages, thereby protecting the liver from injury caused by gut-derived LPS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Brioschi, Wei-Le Wang, Vincent Peng, Meng Wang, Irina Shchukina, Zev J. Greenberg, Jennifer K. Bando, Natalia Jaeger, Rafael S. Czepielewski, Amanda Swain, Denis A. Mogilenko, Wandy L. Beatty, Peter Bayguinov, James A. J. Fitzpatrick, Laura G. Schuettpelz, Catrina C. Fronick, Igor Smirnov, Jonathan Kipnis, Virginia S. Shapiro, Gregory F. Wu, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Maxim N. Artyomov, Steven H. Kleinstein, Marco Colonna
Summary: The meninges contain adaptive immune cells called B cells that are thought to originate locally from the calvaria, providing a constant supply of CNS-educated B cells. Additionally, a subset of antigen-experienced B cells in the meninges of aging mice are found to be blood-borne, suggesting a potential mechanism for maintaining immune privilege within the CNS.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sharavana Gurunathan, Jessica Sebastian, Jennifer Baker, Hoda Z. Abdel-Hamid, Shawn C. West, Brian Feingold, Vivek Peche, Miguel Reyes-Mugica, Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal, Jeffrey Field
Summary: This case report presents a patient with Nemaline Myopathy associated with a pathogenic variant in the CAP2 gene, leading to severe heart and muscle abnormalities including nemaline rods identified in heart tissue.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily J. Onufer, Rafael S. Czepielewski, Yong-Hyun Han, Cathleen M. Courtney, Stephanie Sutton, Anne Sescleifer, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Brad W. Warner
Summary: This study found that functional transport of intestinal lipids significantly decreased after small bowel resection, with an increase in fecal fat content. Besides, significant morphological changes in the lymphatic vasculature were observed. Chronic short bowel syndrome leads to significant remodeling of the intestinal lymphatic vessels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Santosh K. Panda, Do-Hyun Kim, Pritesh Desai, Patrick F. Rodrigues, Raki Sudan, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Steven J. Van Dyken, Marco Colonna
Summary: ILC2 cells selectively express the Slc7a8 gene, which plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular fitness and activation. Lack of Slc7a8 leads to reduced amino acid availability, affecting energy metabolism and signaling pathway activation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kentaro Yomogida, Tihana Trsan, Raki Sudan, Patrick F. Rodrigues, Alina Ulezko Antonova, Harshad Ingle, Blanda Di Luccia, Patrick L. Collins, Marina Cella, Susan Gilfillan, Megan T. Baldridge, Eugene M. Oltz, Marco Colonna
Summary: This study reveals the role of Aiolos in regulating the activation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). Aiolos deficiency leads to increased expression and amplified effector machinery of CD8 alpha alpha+ IELs. Aiolos binds close to the sites for transcription factors STAT5 and RUNX, which promote IL-15 signaling and cytolytic programs, and Aiolos deficiency enhances chromatin accessibility and histone acetylation in these regions. The findings highlight the importance of Aiolos in regulating the effector function in IELs.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Martina Molgora, Blanda Di Luccia, Darya Khantakova, Natalia Jaeger, Rafael Sanguinetti Czepielewski, Cristiane Secca da Silva, Jennifer Bando, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Robert Schreiber, Marco Colonna
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Emma Erlich, Rafael Czepielewski, Shashi Kumar, Rachael Field, Xinya Zhang, Leila Saleh, Farshid Guilak, Jonathan Brestoff, Ali Ellebedy, Gwendalyn J. Randolph
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Rafael Sanguinetti Czepielewski, Emma C. Erlich, Emily J. Onufer, Shannon Young, Brian Saunders, Yong-Hyun Han, Mary Wohltmann, Peter L. Wang, Ki-Wook Kim, Shashi Kumar, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Ying Yang, Joshua P. Scallan, Bernd Zinselmeyer, Michael J. Davis, Gwendalyn J. Randolph
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Emma Erlich, Rafael Sanguinetti Czepielewski, Shashi Kumar, Prabhakar Sairam Andhey, Maxim N. Artyomov, Ali H. Ellebedy, Gwendalyn J. Randolph
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rafael Czepielewski, Emma Erlich, Emily Onufer, Shannon Young, Ki-Wook Kim, Peter Wang, Shashi Bala, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Bernd Zinselmeyer, Michael Davis, Gwendalyn Randolph