Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geoffrey Brown
Summary: This review investigates how oncogenes contribute to the development of malignant tumors, with the cancer stem cell theory suggesting that cancer is a hierarchical structure of cells derived from transformed stem cells. It examines the loss of intrinsic versatility in stem cells, the role of proto-oncogenes in cell lineage determination, and the impact of epigenetic events in regulating cell fate and tumor development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicja Warowicka, Justyna Broniarczyk, Martyna Weglewska, Wojciech Kwasniewski, Anna Gozdzicka-Jozefiak
Summary: YY1 is a protein that is involved in the regulation of gene transcription and protein modification. It also controls important cell signaling pathways and can regulate the transcription of viral genes. This review explores the role of YY1 in cervical cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yousef M. Hawsawi, Anwar Shams, Abdulrahman Theyab, Wed A. Abdali, Nahed A. Hussien, Hanan E. Alatwi, Othman R. Alzahrani, Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni, Ahmad O. Babalghith, Mousa Alreshidi
Summary: This article reviews the spectrum of full-length BARD1 genes and their different isoforms, highlighting their anticipated associated risk. Additionally, the study emphasizes the role of BARD1 as an oncogene in breast cancer patients and its potential uses as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer susceptibility testing and treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franco Andres Pascucci, Micaela Carolina Escalada, Melisa Suberbordes, Candela Vidal, Maria Fatima Ladelfa, Martin Monte
Summary: Data from basic research on tumor antigens in the past 20 years have identified the MAGE-I family as cancer driver factors. MAGE-I gene expression is mainly found in normal reproductive tissues, but abnormal re-expression in cancer disrupts normal cell status and promotes oncogenic activity or reduces tumor suppression. This abnormal re-expression is attributed to epigenetic-mediated chromatin silencing, but emerging data suggest that MAGE-I can also be regulated at the protein level. Specific MAGE-I proteins can be regulated by signaling pathways or cellular processes that enhance the cancer cell phenotype. This review highlights recent findings on the regulation of MAGE-I by oncogenic pathways and its potential consequences in tumor cell behavior.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle S. Smith, Laure Bihannic, Brian L. Gudenas, Parthiv Haldipur, Ran Tao, Qingsong Gao, Yiran Li, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Igor Y. Iskusnykh, Victor V. Chizhikov, Matthew Scoggins, Silu Zhang, Angela Edwards, Mei Deng, Ian A. Glass, Lynne M. Overman, Jake Millman, Alexandria H. Sjoboen, Jennifer Hadley, Joseph Golser, Kshitij Mankad, Heather Sheppard, Arzu Onar-Thomas, Amar Gajjar, Giles W. Robinson, Volker Hovestadt, Brent A. Orr, Zoltan Patay, Kathleen J. Millen, Paul A. Northcott
Summary: Medulloblastoma, a malignant childhood cerebellar tumour, has different subgroups with distinct developmental origins. Multi-omics analysis connects the molecular features of medulloblastoma subgroups to their origins during early development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana F. Nery, Mathias Renno, Agnello Picorelli, Elisa Ramos
Summary: Cancer is a genetic disease that exists in all complex multicellular lineages. The occurrence of cancer is not related to the number of cells or lifespan at the species level, leading scientists to investigate the natural strategies for cancer suppression hidden in animal genomes. Common and species-specific mechanisms to reduce or evade cancer have been discovered. The diversity of these mechanisms involving coding, regulatory, and structural aspects of genomes is astonishing and there is still much to be discovered.
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Reham M. Alahmadi, Najat Marraiki, Mohammed Alswayyed, Hatim A. Khoja, Abdullah E. Al-Anazi, Rawan M. Alahmadi, Meshael M. Alkusayer, Bandar Alosaimi, Maaweya Awadalla
Summary: The tumor microenvironment (TME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is complex and heterogeneous, playing a crucial role in effective cancer therapy. Understanding the interaction between cancer inflammation, immunity, oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes is essential for developing effective cancer treatments. This study aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the transcriptomes of the TME in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), both associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) and not associated with HPV.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guoxin Cui, Migle K. Konciute, Lorraine Ling, Luke Esau, Jean -Baptiste Raina, Baoda Han, Octavio R. Salazar, Jason S. Presnell, Nils Raedecker, Huawen Zhong, Jessica Menzies, Phillip A. Cleves, Yi Jin Liew, Cory J. Krediet, Val Sawiccy, Maha J. Cziesielski, Paul Guagliardo, Jeremy Bougoure, Mathieu Pernice, Heribert Hirt, Christian R. Voolstra, Virginia M. Weis, John R. Pringle, Manuel Aranda
Summary: Symbiotic cnidarians, such as corals and anemones, have evolved efficient molecular mechanisms for nutrient distribution and recycling in order to thrive in nutrient-poor ocean environments. Using the sea anemone Aiptasia, researchers have discovered that glucose and the presence of algae induce the up-regulation and relocalization of glucose and ammonium transporters, which are critical for symbiont functioning and organism-wide nitrogen assimilation. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen conservation and recycling in symbiotic cnidarians.
Article
Oncology
Shashwat Sharad, Travis C. Allemang, Hua Li, Darryl Nousome, Anson Tai Ku, Nichelle C. Whitlock, Adam G. Sowalsky, Jennifer Cullen, Isabell A. Sesterhenn, David G. McLeod, Shiv Srivastava, Albert Dobi
Summary: Prostate cancer incidence in young men is increasing, with patients diagnosed at an earlier age more likely to have aggressive cancer. Differences in gene expression associated with age and tumor differentiation suggest potential for age-specific and tumor differentiation-based therapeutic stratification of prostate cancer treatments. This study identified differentially expressed genes between young and old prostate cancer patients, indicating a significant age and tumor dependent heterogeneity among patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roopak Murali, Vaishnavi Balasubramaniam, Satish Srinivas, Sandhya Sundaram, Ganesh Venkatraman, Sudha Warrier, Arun Dharmarajan, Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan
Summary: Ovarian cancers are a type of tumor that originates from different cells of the ovary and account for around 4% of all cancers in women worldwide. There are more than 30 identified tumor types based on cellular origins, with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) being the most common and deadly type. EOC can be further categorized into different subtypes. The development of ovarian cancer has long been associated with endometriosis, a chronic inflammation leading to the accumulation of mutations. Recent studies have elucidated the role of somatic mutations and their impact on altered tumor metabolism. Several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been implicated in ovarian cancer progression. This review highlights the genetic alterations and their impact on metabolic networks in ovarian cancer, providing insights into potential personalized therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Xu, Hongmei Ding, Jie Chen, Jiahui Lei, Meng Zhao, Bingyu Ji, Youguo Chen, Songbing Qin, Qinqin Gao
Summary: This article provides an update on the roles of aberrant DNA methylation in endometrial carcinogenesis and discusses the opportunities and challenges of utilizing DNA methylation in the management and prevention of endometrial cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
JungHo Kong, Doyeon Ha, Juhun Lee, Inhae Kim, Minhyuk Park, Sin-Hyeog Im, Kunyoo Shin, Sanguk Kim
Summary: A machine learning framework leveraging network-based analyses has been developed to identify biomarkers that can predict immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment response. The predictions based on this framework were found to be more accurate than conventional biomarkers in three different types of cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sophie Bartsch, Kimia Mirzakhani, Laura Neubert, Alexander Stenzel, Marzieh Ehsani, Mohsen Esmaeili, Thanakorn Pungsrinont, Merve Kacal, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Rasa, Julia Kallenbach, Divya Damodaran, Federico Ribaudo, Marc-Oliver Grimm, Francesco Neri, Aria Baniahmad
Summary: The expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase subunit (hTERT) is hormonally controlled, with androgen treatment suppressing hTERT expression in prostate cancer cells. This inhibition and activation of hTERT by androgens is mediated by androgen receptor (AR) co-repressors ING1 and ING2. This reveals a dual role of AR in controlling hTERT expression during prostate cancer tumorigenesis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fan Li, Ying Cheng, Lulin Ma, Shenchong Li, Jihua Wang
Summary: Gerbera Hybrida is an important cut flower worldwide. The study focused on identifying meiotic recombination suppressors and reliable reference genes for gene expression in Gerbera Hybrida, contributing to the understanding of genetic variation and breeding targets in this plant species.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Muzamil Y. Want, Takemasa Tsuji, Prashant K. Singh, James L. Thorne, Junko Matsuzaki, Ellen Karasik, Bryan Gillard, Eduardo Cortes Gomez, Richard C. Koya, Amit Lugade, Kunle Odunsi, Sebastiano Battaglia
Summary: Elevated levels of WHSC1 are positively correlated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment in prostate cancer, according to TCGA data. In vitro studies have shown that inhibition of WHSC1 can restore antigen presentation through epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In vivo studies in immunocompetent mice also demonstrated an increase in CD8(+) T cells in tumors following treatment with a WHSC1 inhibitor, indicating the importance of a fully functional immune system in the antitumor effects of WHSC1 inhibition.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Audrey Arnal, Tazzio Tissot, Beata Ujvari, Leonard Nunney, Eric Solary, Lucie Laplane, Francois Bonhomme, Marion Vittecoq, Aurelie Tasiemski, Francois Renaud, Pascal Pujol, Benjamin Roche, Frederic Thomas
Article
Ecology
L. S. Enders, L. Nunney
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leonard Nunney
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Leonard Nunney
JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
(2016)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Robert Noble, Oliver Kaltz, Leonard Nunney, Michael E. Hochberg
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Ecology
L. Nunney
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James E. Russell, Leonard Nunney, Michael Saum, Richard Stouthamer
Article
Plant Sciences
Leonard Nunney, Hamid Azad, Richard Stouthamer
Article
Biology
Leonard Nunney
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2018)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Derek O'Meara, Leonard Nunney
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Leonard Nunney
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Antoine M. Dujon, Athena Aktipis, Catherine Alix-Panabieres, Sarah R. Amend, Amy M. Boddy, Joel S. Brown, Jean-Pascal Capp, James DeGregori, Paul Ewald, Robert Gatenby, Marco Gerlinger, Mathieu Giraudeau, Rodrigo K. Hamede, Elsa Hansen, Irina Kareva, Carlo C. Maley, Andriy Marusyk, Nicholas McGranahan, Michael J. Metzger, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Robert Noble, Leonard Nunney, Kenneth J. Pienta, Kornelia Polyak, Pascal Pujol, Andrew F. Read, Benjamin Roche, Susanne Sebens, Eric Solary, Katerina Stankova, Holly Swain Ewald, Frederic Thomas, Beata Ujvari
Summary: The integration of ecological and evolutionary principles into cancer research has become increasingly important in the past 50 years. It is crucial to broaden the research directions and stimulate novel approaches at the interface of oncology and ecological and evolutionary sciences. Effective cross-disciplinary collaborations among experts in ecology, evolution, and cancer are essential to address current and future questions about cancer.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Leonard Nunney, Kevin Thai
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Leonard Nunney
Summary: This study investigates the origin and evolution of 19 tumor suppressor genes in African elephants. The findings suggest that these genes primarily accumulated through segmental duplication and drift, rather than spreading through selection. The enhanced sensitivity of elephant cells to DNA damage may be attributed to one or a few tumor suppressor genes favored by selection.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Ujvari, Nynke Raven, Thomas Madsen, Marcel Klaassen, Antoine M. Dujon, Aaron G. Schultz, Leonard Nunney, Jean-Francois Lemaitre, Mathieu Giraudeau, Frederic Thomas
Summary: Recent developments in telomere and cancer evolutionary ecology have shown that there is a complex relationship between tissue repair and controlling abnormally proliferating cells. The trade-off is balanced by natural and sexual selection as well as intrinsic and environmental factors. Studies indicate that the relationship between telomere length and cancer risk is likely nonlinear, with evidence suggesting that both long and short telomeres may be associated with increased cancer risk. Accurate interpretation of telomere-cancer dynamics requires an integrative and multidisciplinary approach.