Journal
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
Volume 179, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2021.111345
Keywords
Dissimilar welding; Intermetallics; EBSD; TEM; SAED
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Funding
- Government of Spain (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico -CDTI) [CIEN IDI-20150692]
- XUNTA DE GALICIA [ED431C 2019/23, ED481A 2017/307, ED481D 2017/010, ED481B 2016/047-0]
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This study provides a thorough characterization of the IMC layer within dissimilar joints of aluminum alloy to structural steel, using electron diffraction-based techniques. The study identifies the eta-Fe2Al5 and theta-Fe4Al13 phases unequivocally, and for the first time, the ternary Fe4Al17.5Si1.5 phase is identified within an aluminum-steel dissimilar weld.
The welding of dissimilar materials such as aluminum and steel is increasingly gaining importance as a strategy to obtain lightweight multi-material assemblies. However, brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed at the interface of dissimilar aluminum-steel joints, strongly influencing the mechanical properties of the joints. The identification of such phases is commonly carried out only based on morphology or energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, potentially leading to incorrect identification. In the present work, a thorough characterization of the IMC layer within dissimilar joints of 6061 aluminum alloy to S235 structural steel is reported. The joints were characterized by electron diffraction-based techniques such as electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The EBSD experiments allowed for the identification of a layer of eta phase crystals that grow directly at the top of the steel, followed by another layer of smaller 0 crystals. The SAED and HRTEM analysis allowed for the unequivocal identification of the eta-Fe2Al5 and 0-Fe4Al13 phases. The presence of the ternary Fe4Al17.5Si1.5 phase has been unambiguously identified for the first time within an aluminum-steel dissimilar weld.
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