Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shujie Wang, Qiao Li, Yanan Gao, Zhenlei Zhou, Zhen Li
Summary: Elevated levels of environmental lead pose serious health hazards to animals and humans. In this study, ISA Brown layers were fed with daily diets containing three different levels of lead. The results showed that kidneys and livers had relatively high lead concentrations, while meat had low lead levels. Eggshell and yolk were identified as potential pathways for lead excretion in hens, with egg white remaining at safe levels. Additionally, even low doses of lead intake could negatively impact bone health. Carotenoids in the humerus of hens exposed to high doses of lead increased significantly, serving as an indicator for stress resistance. Lead exposure not only affects organ toxicity and physiological features in poultry immediately, but also harms bone quality in the long term. The risk of excessive lead in poultry meat is lower compared to viscera and eggs, indicating a low risk to food safety.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Marie Meziere, Philippe Marchand, Sebastien Hutinet, Frederic Larvor, Elisabeth Baeza, Bruno Le Bizec, Gaud Dervilly, Ronan Cariou
Summary: The transfer of CPs from feed to eggs of laying hens was evaluated in this study. It was found that CP accumulation in eggs increased with chain length and chlorine content, with significant differences in transfer patterns observed depending on the homologue.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lorry Becot, Nicolas Bedere, Jenna Coton, Thierry Burlot, Pascale Le Roy
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for traits related to nest preference and laying duration. The results showed that selecting hens that have no preference for particular nests and spend little time in the nests could help reduce the occurrence of floor eggs.
GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abubakar Bello, Jerome Henri, Alexis Viel, Jonathan Paul Mochel, Blazej Pozniak
Summary: Poultry production is associated with the use of veterinary medicinal products to manage diseases. Ionophore coccidiostats, although prohibited for use in laying hens, are frequently found in commercial poultry eggs. Various factors influence the presence of residues in eggs, with the carryover of coccidiostats from feed to laying hens being the main reason. This paper reviews the causes of residue occurrence and highlights the potential application of pharmacokinetic modeling for predicting residue transfer in eggs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiaoyan Zhang, Xiajun Wang, Qiang Wang, Dake Qi, Yali Huang, Riping Chen, Ying Shan, Weihuan Fang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fipronil on laying hens. The results showed that doses at or below 20 mg/kg bw had no significant effects on body weight and egg production. However, hens exposed to 63.3 mg/kg bw showed significant adverse effects, including reduced body weight, lower egg yield, and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. Furthermore, fipronil-sulfone, a metabolite of fipronil, was found to have higher concentrations and longer withdrawal periods in eggs. This highlights the potential food safety risk of fipronil-sulfone.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasil Radoslavov Pirgozliev, Isobel Margaret Whiting, Kristina Kljak, Stephen Charles Mansbridge, Atanas Georgiev Atanasov, Stephen Paul Rose, Stanimir Bojidarov Enchev
Summary: This study investigated the impact of feeding dried stevia leaves on the quality and antioxidant content of eggs. The results showed that feeding stevia-enriched feed can improve the color of egg yolks, and birds fed 2% stevia had the highest carotenoid content in their eggs. Storage also affected the quality of egg albumen.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chu Wang, Shujun Dong, Pu Wang, Yanfen Hao, Ruiguo Wang, Su Zhang, Yaxin Wang, Mengdie Fan, Qinghua Zhang, Guibin Jiang
Summary: The research highlighted the importance of updated assessments on transfer of toxic substances in poultry products to better understand human exposure risks. Results showed that different exposure levels of contaminants in feed can affect the transfer rate and depletion rate in eggs, with hens with higher laying rates expediting the clearance of toxic substances. Lower chlorinated congeners tend to be retained in eggs, while transfer rates of toxic substances were lower than previous studies, possibly due to short exposure time and low bioavailability of contaminants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eun-Young Ko, Ramesh Kumar Saini, Young-Soo Keum, Byoung-Ki An
Summary: This study compared the nutritional compounds in eggs from laying hens of different ages and found that early-age eggs contained higher levels of vital compounds, while intermediate and late-age eggs had better fat quality. Surprisingly, cholesterol levels did not differ significantly among the age groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petru Alexandru Vlaicu, Tatiana Dumitra Panaite, Raluca Paula Turcu
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of feeding laying hens different combined vegetable by-products on egg quality and yolk fatty acids. Results showed that diets containing flaxseed and sea buckthorn meals significantly increased the n-3 fatty acid content in egg yolks, improved antioxidant capacity, and lowered thrombogenicity indices. This suggests that these combinations of meals can be beneficial for producing functional eggs with enhanced health properties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Anne-Margarethe Enge, Heike Sprenger, Albert Braeuning, Stefanie Hessel-Pras
Summary: This study investigated the mode of action of the hepatotoxic PAs component Senecionine (Sc) and found target genes and miRNAs associated with apoptosis and cellular death. The results showed a significant correlation between PA-induced miRNA-4434 induction and PAK1 downregulation. This reveals a new function of Sc-mediated toxicity in human liver cells, related to cell cycle arrest.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuhan Yin, Nannan Zhao, Liu Yifei, Zhiming Xiao, Xiaolu Liu, Xiaoou Su, Peilong Wang, Xiaomin Li
Summary: The study found that concentrations of tri-OPEs increased in chicken feed but decreased in eggs, with both tri-OPEs and di-OPEs mainly depositing in egg albumen.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Giancarlo Bozzo, Nicola Pugliese, Rossella Samarelli, Antonella Schiavone, Michela Maria Dimuccio, Elena Circella, Elisabetta Bonerba, Edmondo Ceci, Antonio Camarda
Summary: Mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, can contaminate foods and feeds, posing a risk to consumers due to their toxicity and carcinogenicity. This report presents a case in a certified antibiotic-free laying hen farm, where the concurrent action of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A caused production decrease and increased mortality. Pathologic examinations revealed severe kidney degeneration, liver lesions, hypoplastic ovary and oviduct, and signs of anemia. Aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A were detected in linseed-added foodstuff and organs. This case emphasizes the importance of careful feedstuff checks in quality-oriented poultry farms to prevent contaminations that can harm animal welfare and public health.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xinmeng Chen, Jiang Ma, Yisheng He, Junyi Xue, Zijing Song, Qihe Xu, Ge Lin
Summary: This study provides experimental evidence regarding liver injury, liver fibrosis, and gene expression changes induced by Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in rats.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Marcelo Bahuti, Tadayuki Yanagi Jr, Edison Jose Fassani, Bruna Pontara Vilas Boas Ribeiro, Renato Ribeiro de Lima, Alessandro Torres Campos
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different illuminances on laying hens. The results showed that the tested illuminances did not influence the responses of the birds and the quality of the eggs. However, the illuminance exposure time influenced the temperature, feed intake, body mass, and albumen percentage of the birds. An acclimatization period of 28 days is recommended for laying hens at the peak laying period.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Anne-Margarethe Enge, Florian Kaltner, Christoph Gottschalk, Angelina Kin, Michael Kirstgen, Joachim Geyer, Anja These, Helen Hammer, Oliver Poetz, Albert Braeuning, Stefanie Hessel-Pras
Summary: This study investigates the transporter-mediated uptake of PAs and its implications in PA toxicity, finding that treatment with PAs affects transporter expression levels in HepaRG cells. Knockdown of the two uptake transporters results in reduced PA uptake and attenuated cytotoxic effects of PAs in a time-dependent manner. The results confirm the importance of toxicokinetic studies for the risk assessment of PAs.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Matthew G. Parry, Julie Nossiter, Melanie Morris, Arunan Sujenthiran, Ted A. Skolarus, Brendan Berry, Arjun Nathan, Paul Cathcart, Ajay Aggarwal, Jan van der Meulen, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Heather Payne, Noel W. Clarke
Summary: There are differences in the treatment of prostate cancer between the United States and England, with US patients more likely to receive radical local treatment. This raises concerns of potential over-treatment for low-risk disease (CPG1) in the US and under-treatment of clinically significant disease (CPG3-5) in England.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
K. J. Fitzsimons, M. J. Hamilton, J. van der Meulen, J. Medina, M. A. H. Wahedally, M. H. Park, C. J. H. Russell
Summary: This study analyzed data from children receiving cleft care in English NHS hospitals between 2000 and 2012 and found that congenital malformations are common among children born alive with a cleft, affecting over half of some cleft subgroups.
CLEFT PALATE CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ajay Aggarwal, Lu Han, Alison Tree, Daniel Lewis, Tom Roques, Vijay Sangar, Jan van Der Meulen
Summary: This study assesses the impact of centralization of prostate cancer surgery and radiotherapy services on the choice of treatment for patients. The results show that the type of treatment received by patients is influenced by the relative proximity of treatment centers to their place of residence.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Harriet Aughey, Jennifer Jardine, Hannah Knight, Ipek Gurol-Urganci, Kate Walker, Tina Harris, Jan van der Meulen, Jane Hawdon, Dharmintra Pasupathy
Summary: This cohort study analyzed electronic health records to describe the rates and risk factors associated with iatrogenic and spontaneous preterm birth, as well as the variation in rates between different hospitals. The study found that just over half of all preterm births were iatrogenic and that iatrogenic and spontaneous sub-groups had different maternal demographic and clinical risk factors. There was also more variation between hospitals in rates of iatrogenic preterm births compared to spontaneous preterm births.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lu Han, Jemma M. Boyle, Kate Walker, Angela Kuryba, Michael S. Braun, Nicola Fearnhead, David Jayne, Richard Sullivan, Jan van der Meulen, Ajay Aggarwal
Summary: This study found that hospitals located in areas of high competition for rectal cancer surgery are associated with better patient outcomes and improved processes of care.
Article
Oncology
A. J. Kuryba, J. M. Boyle, J. van der Meulen, A. Aggarwal, K. Walker, N. S. Fearnhead, M. S. Braun
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and dementia. The severity of dementia was found to be associated with 2-year overall survival. Therefore, comprehensive assessment for treatment decisions is crucial to ensure that the appropriate care is provided to these patients.
Article
Oncology
Jemma M. Boyle, Jan van der Meulen, Angela Kuryba, Thomas E. Cowling, Christopher Booth, Nicola S. Fearnhead, Michael S. Braun, Kate Walker, Ajay Aggarwal
Summary: This study evaluated hospital-level toxicity rates during systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT) delivery in national healthcare systems and found significant variation in care quality. The results showed substantial differences in toxicity rates between hospitals in both adjuvant and metastatic settings, despite risk-adjustment. Consequently, ongoing monitoring and reporting of this performance indicator can contribute to improving the quality of care.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sylvia Notenboom, Ans Punt, Rudolf Hoogenveen, Marco J. Zeilmaker, Ron L. A. P. Hoogenboom, Bas G. H. Bokkers
Summary: The calibration of a kinetic model for the transfer of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs from feed to the hen's body and eggs has been extended to individual congeners, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the transfer characteristics. The congener-specific approach showed that the fraction transferred to egg yolk fat varied among different congeners, with higher transfer rates for certain PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. Comparison with the total TEQ method demonstrated that the latter may overestimate the transfer, particularly for mixtures containing high levels of hexa-, hepta-, and octa-PCDD/Fs.
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Ajay Aggarwal, Lu Han, Jemma Boyle, Daniel Lewis, Angela Kuyruba, Michael Braun, Kate Walker, Nicola Fearnhead, Richard Sullivan, Jan Van Der Meulen
Summary: This study investigated factors associated with cancer patients' choice of treatment location. The results showed that travel time was strongly associated with treatment location. The association was weaker for younger, more affluent patients and those from rural areas. For rectal cancer patients, they were more likely to travel to hospitals designated as specialist colorectal cancer surgery centers and hospitals performing robotic surgery for rectal cancer. Patients were less likely to travel to hospitals deemed to have inadequate care by the national quality regulator. Patients were not more likely to travel to hospitals with better 2-year bowel cancer mortality outcomes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ajay Aggarwal, Lu Han, Richard Sullivan, Kate Haire, Vijay Sangar, Jan van der Meulen
Summary: This study estimated the potential 'spare surgical capacity' in the English NHS and identified regions more likely to have spare capacity based on patterns of patient mobility. The results showed that a significant proportion of hospitals providing cancer surgery did not fully utilize their maximum surgical capacity. Hospitals with a net loss of patients to hospitals further away had more potential spare capacity. At the national level, there is a considerable potential for spare surgical capacity.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Matthew G. Parry, Arunan Sujenthiran, Julie Nossiter, Melanie Morris, Brendan Berry, Arjun Nathan, Ajay Aggarwal, Heather Payne, Jan van der Meulen, Noel W. Clarke
Summary: This observational cohort study examines the 5-year failure-free survival (FFS) of 1381 men who received high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for localized prostate cancer. The study finds that four in five men were free from local salvage treatment at 5 years, but treatment failure rates varied significantly based on ISUP Grade Group.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Michael DeVito, Bas Bokkers, Majorie B. M. van Duursen, Karin van Ede, Mark Feeley, Elsa Antunes Fernandes Gaspar, Laurie Haws, Sean Kennedy, Richard E. Peterson, Ron Hoogenboom, Keiko Nohara, Kim Petersen, Cynthia Rider, Martin Rose, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Matthew W. Wheeler, Daniele S. Wikoff, Bin Zhao, Martin van den Berg
Summary: In October 2022, the World Health Organization reevaluated the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for chlorinated dioxin-like compounds in a panel convened in Lisbon. This effort utilized an updated database, Bayesian dose response modeling, and meta-analysis to derive Best-Estimate TEFs. Applying these new TEFs may result in lower total toxic equivalents for dioxin-like chemicals.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)