Article
Plant Sciences
Mirai Endo Naoya Fukuda, Hideo Yoshida, Miyako Kusano
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of blue and red light, photoperiod, CO2 concentration, and air temperature on the accumulation of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and rutin in lettuce. It was found that continuous blue light and high CO2 concentration increased CGA levels, while low air temperature induced CGA accumulation. The study also revealed that these environmental factors modulate the activity of relevant biosynthesis pathways to affect the accumulation of CGA and rutin.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gui-Li Huang, Ling-Xiang Sun, Jia-Jia Ma, Si-Yao Sui, Yu-Ning Wang
Summary: The study revealed that purified total flavonoids (PTF) from young loquat fruits are efficient inhibitors of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which could contribute to their utilization in the food industry.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ajay Prasanth Ramalingam, Williams Mohanavel, Ameena Premnath, Raveendran Muthurajan, P. V. Vara Prasad, Ramasamy Perumal
Summary: This genetic profile variation study on 61 sorghum accessions identified distinct metabolic profiles between tropical and temperate sorghums, with grain-color-based analysis identifying two lines with rich amounts of antioxidants. The study provides new opportunities for developing biofortified sorghum with enhanced nutraceutical and therapeutic values through molecular breeding and metabolic engineering.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muxin Zheng, Shenghao Chen, Yi Liu, Yang He
Summary: In this study, the water extract and isolated compounds from guava leaves were found to have a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The compounds ellagic acid, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, avicularin, isoquercitrin, and quercetin-3-galactoside showed inhibitory activity against a-glucosidase, with IC50 values ranging from 25.0 to 72.1 μg/mL. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of Psidium guajava in the treatment of hyperglycemia.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jun Gu Kim, Jin Woo Lee, Thi Phuong Linh Le, Jae Sang Han, Yong Beom Cho, Haeun Kwon, Dongho Lee, Mi Kyeong Lee, Bang Yeon Hwang
Summary: Three new guaianolide lactones and four new 9-oxonerolidol glucosides were isolated from the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum. Some of these compounds showed inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in cells, indicating their potential pharmacological activities.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Qingqing Liu, Liangsheng Wang, Dasheng Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the nutritional qualities of three flower parts (receptacle, stamen, and petal) of 7 different lotuses, including total polyphenol content, flavonol content and constituent, antioxidant activity, and inhibition capacity against alpha-glucosidase. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of each part was correlated with total polyphenol content. The receptacle of 'Yijian Lian' had the highest total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and inhibition capacity against alpha-glucosidase. The receptacle of 'Bianlian' had the highest inhibition capacity against alpha-glucosidase. 14 flavonols were identified in all lotus flowers, with the American lotus having the highest levels. This characterization of different lotuses provides valuable insights and resources for the development of food or medicine from lotus flowers.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wei Zheng, Guixia Sun, Jianhua Chen, Zhihui Li, Ting Zhang, Guijie Wei, Hongya Wang, Xiurui Sun, Zhe Zhang, Wenwen Zhao, Pengkai Ma, Yujie Zhang, Chunyue Zhang
Summary: The study found that Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) decreased the metabolism and absorption of flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix (SR), especially exerting different effects on aglycones and glycosides. This may be one of the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of the combination of SR and CR on diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shengsuo Ma, Bing Yang, Yucong Shi, Yang Du, Yiwen Lv, Jiarong Liu, Enyan Liu, Huachong Xu, Li Deng, Xiao-yin Chen
Summary: The study investigated the effects of adlay polyphenol (AP) on lipid metabolism and regulation of intestinal flora. The results showed that AP can reduce lipid accumulation in the liver and improve lipid metabolism by activating the AMPK pathway.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tao Liao, Lei Zhou, Junping Liu, Liqiang Zou, Taotao Dai, Wei Liu
Summary: This study found that salicylic acid plays an important role in inhibiting PPO through acidification and binding effects. As buffer concentration increased, the acidification effect decreased while the binding effect became more predominant. Additionally, salicylic acid competitively inhibited PPO, inducing changes in secondary structure.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Abid Naeem, Yang Ming, Hu Pengyi, Kang Yong Jie, Liu Yali, Haiyan Zhang, Xiao Shuai, Wenjing Li, Wu Ling, Zhang Ming Xia, Liu Shan Shan, Zheng Qin
Summary: Despite advances in synthetic chemistry, nature remains the primary source of drug discovery. Flavonoids have shown significant therapeutic activities, yet they face absorption disorders leading to low bioavailability. Further investigation is needed to understand these interactions and enhance their effectiveness in clinical applications.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Isabelle A. Kagan
Summary: Perennial ryegrass contains phenolic compounds that may be important for grazing animals, but the complete profile of these compounds has not been identified, making it challenging to determine which compounds are significant for animal performance. The composition and concentration of soluble phenolic compounds in perennial ryegrass are influenced by various factors, including sample preparation, environmental stresses, and genetic background. Challenges in characterizing these compounds include the need for consistent extraction and separation methods across studies.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaofang Li, Haoze Chen, Yan Jia, Jinming Peng, Chunmei Li
Summary: In this study, an efficient method for enriching polyphenols from mangosteen pericarp (MPPs) was developed, and its inhibitory effects on starch digestion were evaluated. The results showed that MPPs had inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase and could reduce blood glucose peak and glucose response AUC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mine Aksoy, Aykut Oztekin
Summary: The study aimed to prevent enzymatic browning in potatoes by limiting the polyphenol oxidase activity with selected flavonoids. Myricetin was found to be a remarkable inhibitor in this process with a Ki value of 5 μM on potato PPO. These flavonoids have the potential to be used as antibrowning agents in potato processing.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xin Li, Jingyi Wang, Xueqin Gao, Bijun Xie, Zhida Sun
Summary: This study demonstrated that lotus seedpod procyanidins (LSPC) effectively prevented lipid and protein oxidation in chilled beef during storage, reduced microbial contamination, improved physicochemical characteristics, and extended shelf life.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Rui Cui, Shengnan Ji, Minquan Xia, Xing Fu, Xi Huang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of polyphenols on the trypsin inhibitory activity (TIA) of ovomucoid (OVM) in eggs. The results showed that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA) individually reduced TIA by 62.34% and 90.41% respectively. Both EGCG and GA interacted with OVM through static quenching and hydrophobic interaction, causing a conformational transition in OVM from disorder to order.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stepan Feduniw, Lidia Korczynska, Konrad Gorski, Magdalena Zgliczynska, Monika Baczkowska, Maciej Byrczak, Jakub Kociuba, Mohamed Ali, Michal Ciebiera
Summary: Menopause is a physiological change in women, but its symptoms can be difficult to accept and hormone therapy may not always be desirable. Vitamin E, as a phytoestrogen, is believed to be useful in alleviating some menopausal symptoms. This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of vitamin E in alleviating menopausal symptoms and found that it influences hot flashes, vascular modulation, lipid profile, and vaginal changes. However, estrogen administration has better clinical effects. Additional high-quality data is needed for conclusive findings.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ko-Chieh Huang, Yi-Fen Chiang, Tsui-Chin Huang, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Po-Han Lin, Mohamed Ali, Shih-Min Hsia
Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of capsaicin against cisplatin-induced muscle loss and atrophy. The study demonstrates that capsaicin can restore the balance between protein synthesis and degradation pathways, ameliorate muscle atrophy induced by cisplatin, and improve muscle strength. Capsaicin also shows potential in alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in muscle cells. These findings suggest that capsaicin may be a valuable therapeutic agent to prevent muscle loss and atrophy caused by cisplatin therapy.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Fen Chiang, Ko-Chieh Huang, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Tsui-Chin Huang, Mohamed Ali, Hsin-Yi Chang, Tzong-Ming Shieh, Yin-Hwa Shih, Kai-Lee Wang, Yun-Ju Huang, Cheng-Pei Chung, Shih-Min Hsia
Summary: Obesity is a risk factor for cancer progression as it increases adipokine secretion. Visfatin, a novel adipokine highly expressed in cancer patients, is associated with breast cancer risk. In this study, the effect of visfatin on stemness-related properties in high-malignancy breast cancer cells was investigated. Visfatin treatment significantly increased sphere formation, protein expression of stemness markers, and angiogenesis markers. These effects were reduced by the visfatin inhibitor FK866. The results suggest that visfatin promotes breast cancer stemness and enriches the tumorigenic microenvironment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yin-Hwa Shih, Chieh-Chieh Chen, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Lih-Jyh Fuh, Wan-Chen Lan, Tong-Hong Wang, Kuo-Chou Chiu, Thanh-Hien Vu Nguyen, Shih-Min Hsia, Tzong-Ming Shieh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the anticancer properties and mechanisms of CAPE and caffeamide derivatives in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. The results showed that 26G and 36M exhibited stronger cytotoxicity in SAS cells. Additionally, treatment with 26G and 36M inhibited malignant phenotypes through the activation of autophagic signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shih Min Hsia
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yi-Chun Chen, Yi-Fen Chiang, Ying-Jiun Lin, Ko-Chieh Huang, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Nadia M. Hamdy, Tsui-Chin Huang, Hsin-Yi Chang, Tzong-Ming Shieh, Yun-Ju Huang, Shih-Min Hsia
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on relieving the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed that vitamin D treatment significantly reduced the pain level in individuals with dysmenorrhea. The results indicated that vitamin D supplementation is an alternative treatment for relieving the pain symptoms of dysmenorrhea.
Review
Cell Biology
Mohamed Ali, Michal Ciebiera, Somayeh Vafaei, Samar Alkhrait, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Yi-Fen Chiang, Ko-Chieh Huang, Stepan Feduniw, Shih-Min Hsia, Ayman Al-Hendy
Summary: Uterine fibroids are a significant benign neoplastic threat to women's health globally, affecting up to 80% of premenopausal women and causing symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pain, and infertility. Progesterone signaling is crucial for the development and growth of uterine fibroids, promoting cell proliferation through genetic and epigenetic pathways. This review discusses the role of progesterone signaling in uterine fibroid pathogenesis and explores the therapeutic potential of compounds that modulate progesterone signaling, including selective progesterone receptor modulator drugs and natural compounds. Further research is needed to ensure safety and understand the exact molecular mechanisms of selective progesterone receptor modulator drugs, while clinical trials are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of natural compounds as a potential long-term treatment option, particularly for women planning pregnancy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Fen Chiang, Ngan Thi Kim Nguyen, Shih-Min Hsia, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Shyh-Hsiang Lin, Ching- Lin
Summary: Hypoglycemia is a potential factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The ketone body, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), may protect against hypoglycemia-induced injury.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed Ali, Michal Ciebiera, Marta Wlodarczyk, Samar Alkhrait, Elise Maajid, Qiwei Yang, Shih-Min Hsia, Ayman Al-Hendy
Summary: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasm in reproductive age women, and current treatment options have limitations. There is an urgent need for safe and effective non-surgical treatments.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michal Ciebiera, Obianuju Sandra Madueke-Laveaux, Stepan Feduniw, Mara Ulin, Robert Spaczynski, Magdalena Zgliczynska, Monika Baczkowska, Elzbieta Zarychta, Tomasz Lozinski, Mohamed Ali, Ayman Al-Hendy
Summary: Uterine fibroids are commonly seen in women of childbearing age. Hormonal therapy, particularly the use of GnRH analogs, is widely used for treatment. Further research and development of new release systems or methods of administration, as well as the search for drugs that can decrease side effects when combined with GnRH analogs, is crucial.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Somayeh Vafaei, Michal Ciebiera, Mervat M. Omran, Mohammad Mousaei Ghasroldasht, Qiwei Yang, Tanya Leake, Rochelle Wolfe, Mohamed Ali, Ayman Al-Hendy
Summary: Understanding the risk factors and implementing secondary prevention measures for uterine fibroids are crucial for early detection, preserving quality of life, and reducing unnecessary surgical interventions. The current approach of watchful observation for early disease is considered a missed opportunity, and the ESCAPE method provides a simple, affordable, and safe alternative to prevent the progression of uterine fibroids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thanh-Hien Vu Nguyen, Kuo-Chou Chiu, Yin-Hwa Shih, Chung-Ji Liu, Tran Van Bao Quach, Shih-Min Hsia, Yi-Hung Chen, Tzong-Ming Shieh
Summary: This animal study aimed to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) as a means of preventing xerostomia induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The results showed that EA treatment can prevent 5-FU damage to the salivary gland, increase salivary flow rate and salivary gland weight, and decrease inflammation and tumor necrosis factor expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiwei Yang, Mohamed Ali, Lindsey S. Trevino, Aymara Mas, Nahed Ismail, Ayman Al-Hendy
Summary: The developmental exposure to the endocrine-disrupting chemical, diethylstilbestrol (DES), activates inflammatory pathways in myometrial stem cells (MMSCs), which are the origin of uterine fibroids (UFs), leading to a hyper-inflammatory phenotype and an increased risk of hormone-dependent diseases. The epigenetic mechanisms involving mixed-lineage leukemia protein-1 (MLL1) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a key role in the reprogramming of MMSCs and the aberrant expression of inflammatory responsive genes (IRGs) induced by DES exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)