Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuan Cui, Qianqian Xiao, Yuese Yuan, Yimeng Zhuang, Weidong Hao, Jianjun Jiang, Qinghe Meng, Xuetao Wei
Summary: The impacts of environmental PM 2.5 on public health are a global concern. Studies have shown that PM 2.5 poses a threat to public health even at low levels. Ozone-oxidized black carbon (oBC) is a key component of PM 2.5 and can cause necroptosis in macrophages, weakening innate immune function. This study explored the crosstalk mechanism between necroptosis and macrophages extracellular traps (METs) after oBC exposure, finding that inhibition of necroptosis restored the formation of METs.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Phei Er Saw, Jianing Chen, Erwei Song
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in both infection control and tumor metastasis. The study by Mousset et al. published in Cancer Cell reveals that chemotherapy-induced inflammation promotes NETosis in malignant tumors, leading to chemoresistance. This finding highlights the potential of targeting inflammatory NETs for cancer treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zeyu Jiang, Xiangwu Chen, Yang Lin, Qian Li, Xinxin Nie, Guixiang Xu, Cancan Yu, Xinke Zhang, Yuxia Luan
Summary: A B7-H4 checkpoint-based photodynamic nanodrug combined with NETs-degrading enzyme DNase I is designed for treating immune-cold triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This synergistic approach enables cascade amplification of B7-H4 target-based outcomes and disrupts NETs-mediated metastasis, providing a potent strategy to reinvigorate the antitumor immune response and enhance the efficacy of TNBC immunotherapy.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Apparao B. Kummarapurugu, Shuo Zheng, Jonathan Ma, Shobha Ghosh, Adam Hawkridge, Judith A. Voynow
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NE) increase cystic fibrosis (CF) airway inflammation. This study found that NE triggers the release of macrophage extracellular traps (METs), thereby enhancing NE-induced CF airway inflammation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Urszula Demkow
Summary: This article reviews the current understanding of NETs degradation mechanisms and their role in various diseases. It discusses the involvement of DNases and macrophages in NETs clearance, as well as potential therapeutic interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hannes A. Baukmann, Justin L. Cope, Colin Bannard, Alexander R. E. C. Schwinges, Margaretha R. J. Lamparter, Sarah Groves, Charles N. J. Ravarani, Borko Amulic, Joern E. Klinger, Marco F. Schmidt
Summary: Despite the availability of vaccines to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, treating critically ill COVID-19 patients remains crucial. This study presents an alternative method for identifying drug repurposing targets by screening disease-causing traits, leading to the discovery of potential treatment targets for critical illness.
Article
Cell Biology
Hidehito Kimura, Akiko Mii, Jun Shoji, Yusuke Arakawa, Akira Shimizu
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between infiltrating citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit)-positive neutrophils and disease specificity and activity in various glomerulonephritides. The presence of H3Cit+ neutrophils was found to be a potential marker for disease activity in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV).
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Erin B. Taylor
Summary: This article discusses the importance of dysregulation of neutrophil extracellular trap formation in viral infections and explores treatment methods targeting NET formation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina Stoimenou, Georgios Tzoros, Panagiotis Skendros, Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
Summary: Several studies suggest that NETs may play a role in inflammatory and thrombotic disorders, thus serving as potential therapeutic or diagnostic tools. This article compares commonly used techniques for assessing NET formation and discusses the challenges and advantages in evaluating NETs. The review provides insights into the molecular analysis of NETs in translational medicine today.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Maria Garcia-Bengoa, Marita Meurer, Ralph Goethe, Mahavir Singh, Rajko Reljic, Maren von Koeckritz-Blickwede
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infections are a significant cause of mortality, and their control is difficult due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. M.tb is able to persist in the body for years without causing clinical manifestations, and it evades the host-defense by manipulating host-signalling pathways. Both macrophages and neutrophils play important roles in the immune response against M.tb.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Alexandre Le Joncour, Patrice Cacoub, Yacine Boulaftali, David Saadoun
Summary: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic systemic vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, articular, neurological, vascular and sight-threatening ocular inflammation. BD is thought to share both autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease features. Neutrophils seem to play an instrumental role in BD and recent works regarding the role of neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) provides new insight in the pathophysiology of BD and the mechanisms involved in immune thrombosis. This review provides a recent overview on the role of neutrophils and NETs in the pathogenesis of BD.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nathan L. Sanders, Ian M. C. Martin, Arjun Sharma, Matthew R. Jones, Lee J. Quinton, Markus Bosmann, Joseph P. Mizgerd
Summary: Neutrophils release NETs to defend against microbes, but the histones in NETs can also induce inflammation and cytotoxicity. This study found that the concentration of citrullinated histone H3, a component of NETs, was elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with bacterial pneumonia, and it correlated with lung inflammation, cell death, and levels of histone H4. In a neutrophilic inflammation environment, histone H4 increased lung damage, but blocking it during pneumonia did not significantly alter lung injury measures.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederic V. Schwabe, Lotta Happonen, Sofie Ekestubbe, Ariane Neumann
Summary: This study investigated the effects of LL-37 and LTF on blood-derived CD14(+) monocytes and found that these HDPs can induce the release of TNF alpha, nucleosomes, and monocyte ETs. The formation of ETs by LL-37 is dependent on SOCE, MAPK, and ERK1/2, while the release of ETs by LTF is not affected by any inhibitors used in this study.
Review
Immunology
Edgar Ramos-Martinez, Leticia Hernandez-Gonzalez, Ivan Ramos-Martinez, Laura Perez-Campos Mayoral, Georgina Lopez-Cortes, Eduardo Perez-Campos, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Maria Teresa Hernandez-Huerta, Marco Jose
Summary: Extracellular DNA traps (ETs) are evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial mechanisms found in protozoa, plants, and animals. By comparing similarities in ETs across different taxa, it is suggested that ETs may have multiple origins. The presence of a mechanism initiating the formation of ETs in multicellular organisms indicates a relationship between multicellularity and the development of ETs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Fei Chen, Min Yu, Yonghong Zhong, Lina Wang, Huaqiong Huang
Summary: Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease with increasing incidence. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role in asthma by enriching anti-bacterial substances and limiting pathogen migration, but they may also exacerbate asthma progression.