Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hoda Hatoum, Scott Lilly, Pablo Maureira, Juan Crestanello, Lakshmi Prasad Dasi
Summary: This study evaluated the hemodynamic performance of different TAV-in-TAV configurations and found that the best hemodynamic parameters are TAV-specific. Additionally, the study showed that the Reynolds shear stress levels after TAV-in-TAV are 2- to 3-fold higher, indicating a potential increased risk of blood damage.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dong Qiu, Ali N. Azadani
Summary: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis is a common complication in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Clinical data shows that approximately one-third of patients develop HALT within one year after the procedure. This suggests a potential role of leaflet design in the development of HALT, and further research is needed to improve leaflet design and reduce this risk.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Jihun Kang, Hyun Jung Koo, Dong Hyun Yang, Hojin Ha
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of thrombus formation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and suggests that patients with long native leaflets in their aortic sinus are at a higher risk of thrombosis and may require additional treatment.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthias Bogyi, Rudiger E. Schernthaner, Christian Loewe, Gloria M. Gager, Al Medina Dizdarevic, Christina Kronberger, Marek Postula, Jacek Legutko, Poonam Velagapudi, Christian Hengstenberg, Jolanta M. Siller-Matula
Summary: This meta-analysis evaluated the clinical relevance of subclinical leaflet thrombosis (SLT) post transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The use of intra-annular valves was associated with a higher risk of SLT, while oral anticoagulation showed a significant risk reduction. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of screening tests and antithrombotic therapy on valve functionality and clinical prognosis.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Phillip M. Trusty, Sanchita S. Bhat, Vahid Sadri, Md Tausif Salim, Emelia Funnell, Norihiko Kamioka, Rahul Sharma, Raj Makkar, Vasilis Babaliaros, Ajit P. Yoganathan
Summary: This study is the first patient-specific study that correlates flow stasis with thrombus volume in the neosinus post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement, covering multiple valve types and sizes. The results show a significant positive correlation between flow stasis and thrombus volume. Neosinus-specific factors lead to hemodynamic and thrombotic variability among individual patients. Measurement of neosinus flow stasis may guide strategies to improve outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ofir Koren, Vivek Patel, Tarun Chakravarty, Hasan Jilaihawi, Aakriti Gupta, Shirin Sadri, Raj R. Makkar
Summary: Transcatheter aortic valve intervention (TAVR) has emerged as an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis. Leaflet thrombosis, which refers to blood clot formation on bioprosthetic valve leaflets, can affect valve function and patient outcomes. This study provides an overview of the mechanisms, prevention strategies, and treatment options for leaflet thrombosis in TAVR.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Susanne Jung, Fabian Ammon, Silvia Smolka, Maximilian Moshage, Mohamed Marwan, Stephan Achenbach
Summary: This study compared the commissural alignment of native and prosthetic aortic valves in patients with and without HALT after TAVI. It found that patients with HALT had a larger angular deviation and more severe misalignment of the valve. Severe misalignment was independently associated with the occurrence of HALT after TAVI.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vincent Roule, Paul Guedeney, Johanne Silvain, Farzin Beygui, Michel Zeitouni, Sabato Sorrentino, Mathieu Kerneis, Olivier Barthelemy, Frederic Beaupre, Jean -Jacques Portal, Eric Vicaut, Gilles Montalescot, Jean-Philippe Collet
Summary: The proportion of leaflet thrombosis and reduced leaflet motion after transcatheter aortic valve replacement varies according to different screening methods, valve types, and use of oral anticoagulation. Leaflet thrombosis is associated with an increased risk of stroke but has no impact on survival.
ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Manuel Hein, Simon Schoechlin, Undine Schulz, Jan Minners, Philipp Breitbart, Cornelius Lehane, Franz-Josef Neumann, Philipp Ruile
Summary: Early hypoattenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) is a common finding in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients, but its long-term prognostic impact remains uncertain. This study found that HALT was not associated with patient survival or cardiovascular mortality during a median follow-up of more than 3 years, but it was associated with symptomatic hemodynamic valve deterioration.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giuseppe Tarantini, Janarthanan Sathananthan, Tommaso Fabris, Uri Landes, Vinayak N. Bapat, Jaffar M. Khan, Luca Nai Fovino, Syed Zaid, Nicolas M. Van Mieghem, Azeem Latib, Ron Waksman, Ole De Backer, Toby Rogers, Lars Sondergaard, Gilbert H. L. Tang
Summary: The article discusses the increasing use of TAVR in younger and lower surgical risk patients and the potential need for redo-TAVR in the future due to the longer life expectancy of these patients. It provides an overview of indications, procedural planning, implantation technique, and outcomes in failed transcatheter bioprosthetic aortic valves.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Minjung Bak, Sung-Ji Park, Kihong Choi, Jihoon Kim, Taek Kyu Park, Eun Kyoung Kim, Sung Mok Kim, Seung-Hyuk Choi
Summary: This study investigated the risk factors and effects on hemodynamics and clinical course of subclinical leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Larger indexed sinus of Valsalva diameter, higher aortic valve calcium volume, and smaller post-procedure effective orifice area were identified as risk factors for subclinical leaflet thrombosis. Properly managed subclinical leaflet thrombosis has a benign course.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vahid Sadri, Keshav Kohli, Beatrice Ncho, Errol K. Inci, Emily Perdoncin, John C. Lisko, Robert Lederman, Adam B. Greenbaum, Vasilis Babaliaros, Ajit P. Yoganathan
Summary: Leaflet laceration can enhance the fluid mechanics of the neosinus and native sinus after TAVR, approaching that of SAVR. These findings may have potential clinical implications for reducing leaflet thrombosis and potentially improving TAVR durability.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hashrul N. Rashid, Ronak Rajani, Jonathon Leipsic, Pal Maurovitch-Horvat, Tiffany Patterson, Simon Redwood, Jack Lee, Harriet Hurrell, Stephen J. Nicholls, Arthur Nasis, Sujith Seneviratne, James D. Cameron, Bernard Prendergast, Robert P. Gooley
Summary: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis (LT) can occur after surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement, and computed tomography (CT) has become a reliable imaging modality for diagnosing this condition. However, the experience in utilizing CT imaging for subclinical LT is limited but growing. This review emphasizes a systematic approach to acquiring and analyzing CT imaging for subclinical LT, highlighting the clinical consequences of subclinical LT and the implications for anti-thrombotic treatment after diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alexandros Rosakis, Morteza Gharib
Summary: In this study, aortic valves were individually stiffened to observe the impact on wall shear stress (WSS) and residence time. The results indicate that leaflet asymmetry greatly affects WSS and stiffened leaflets increase the residence time. This finding is crucial for the development of customizable prosthetic heart valves.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Husam M. Salah, Nureddin Almaddah, Jack Xu, Malek Al-Hawwas, Shiv Kumar Agarwal, Barry F. Uretsky, Gaurav Dhar, Subhi J. Al'Aref
Summary: Pooling data from randomized trials and cohort studies, this meta-analysis examines the risk factors and outcomes associated with subclinical leaflet thrombosis (HALT) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The study finds that HALT is not significantly associated with stroke/TIA or all-cause mortality, but is correlated with increased post-procedural mean aortic valve gradient. There is a trend of higher HALT risk in men and lower risk in the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Further investigations are needed to understand the clinical significance of the increased post-procedural mean aortic valve gradient.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ana K. Velez, Eric Etchill, Marc K. Halushka, Stefano Schena
Summary: The radiologic evidence of aortic disease may not always align with the diagnosis, requiring reliance on imaging techniques for diagnosis and management. The case study highlights the importance of timely surgical intervention for suspected ascending intramural hematoma, especially in the presence of atypical symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Ana K. Velez, Joseph K. Canner, Eric Etchill, Katherine Giuliano, Diane E. Alejo, Chun Choi, Ahmet Kilic, Stefano Schena, Glenn Joseph Robert Whitman, Jennifer S. Lawton
Summary: The study compared the use of multiple arterial grafts (MAGs) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) before and after the introduction of specific measures at the institution. The introduction of bundled measures led to a significant increase in MAG use, as well as a higher proportion of radial artery and internal mammary artery use, and an increase in triple arterial grafts. The study concluded that a programmatic emphasis on MAGs for CABG is an effective method to increase its use.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Mitsunori Nakano, Yohei Nomura, Glenn Whitman, Marc Sussman, Stefano Schena, Ahmet Kilic, Chun W. Choi, Kei Akiyoshi, Karin J. Neufeld, Jennifer Lawton, Elizabeth Colantuoni, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Matthew Wen, Peter Smielewski, Ken Brady, Brian Bush, Charles W. Hogue, Charles H. Brown
Summary: This study characterized cerebral autoregulation during cardiac surgery and early ICU care, finding altered autoregulation metrics in the ICU that may be clinically relevant to delirium. Further investigation is needed to determine the potential benefits of autoregulation-based MAP targeting in the ICU.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Niv Ad, Paul S. Massimiano, Anthony J. Rongione, Bradley Taylor, Stefano Schena, Diane Alejo, Clifford E. Fonner, Rawn Salenger, Glenn Whitman, Thomas S. Metkus, Sari D. Holmes
Summary: The study found that each additional blood product unit transfused, whether red blood cell or non-red blood cell, was associated with increased risk of complications for patients after cardiac surgery, with red blood cell transfusion carrying a greater risk compared to non-red blood cell transfusion.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Oliver K. Jawitz, Jennifer S. Lawton, Dylan Thibault, Sean O'Brien, Robert S. D. Higgins, Stefano Schena, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Kevin L. Thomas, Brittany A. Zwischenberger
Summary: Female patients with coronary artery disease may have lower rates of guideline-concordant revascularization techniques during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Further investigation is needed to understand the reasons behind these gender differences and their impact on outcomes.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chin Siang Ong, Erik Reinertsen, Haoqi Sun, Philicia Moonsamy, Navyatha Mohan, Masaki Funamoto, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Prem S. Shekar, Stefano Schena, Jennifer S. Lawton, David A. D'Alessandro, M. Brandon Westover, Aaron D. Aguirre, Thoralf M. Sundt
Summary: Machine learning models can accurately predict operative mortality risk in cardiac surgeries without established risk scores. This study highlights the importance of using local institutional data to train prediction models that account for institution-specific practices.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shantanu Bailoor, Jung-Hee Seo, Lakshmi Dasi, Stefano Schena, Rajat Mittal
Summary: This study presents a novel, non-invasive and non-toxic valve monitoring technique using pressure measurements from microsensors embedded on the valve stent to accurately predict the status of individual leaflets in TAV patients. By simulating hemodynamic differences and training a specific algorithm, high accuracy detection of leaflet dysfunction can be achieved through only two discrete pressure measurements per leaflet on the TAV stent.
CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eli Sherman, Diane Alejo, Zach Wood-Doughty, Marc Sussman, Stefano Schena, Chin Siang Ong, Eric Etchill, Joe DiNatale, Narges Ahmidi, Ilya Shpitser, Glenn Whitman
Summary: This study used machine learning models to predict readmission risk after cardiac surgery and found that length of stay and discharge to a rehabilitation facility were the most important predictive factors.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Michel Pompeu Sa, Jef Van den Eynde, Andrea Amabile, John H. Malin, Xander Jacquemyn, Panagiotis Tasoudis, Serge Sicouri, Stefano Schena, Gianluca Torregrossa, Basel Ramlawi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients undergoing aortic root enlargement (ARE) during surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The study found that there was no difference in overall survival between patients who underwent ARE and those who did not. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Giancarlo Suffredini, Charlie Slowey, Junfeng Sun, Wei Dong Gao, Chun (Dan) W. Choi, Hamza Aziz, Ahmet Kilic, Stefano Schena, Jennifer Lawton, James Peter Hamilton, Jeffrey M. Dodd-O
Summary: This prospective observational study found that preoperative liver stiffness is associated with hospital length of stay after cardiac surgery. An increase in liver stiffness is correlated with a longer hospital stay. The study suggests that preoperative liver stiffness can serve as a new predictor for hospital length of stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Dustin Hang, Zafar Iqbal, Yizez Gebrehiwot, Stefano Schena, Lyle D. Joyce, G. Hossein Almassi, Paul S. Pagel
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shantanu Bailoor, Jung-Hee Seo, Lakshmi Dasi, Stefano Schena, Rajat Mittal
Summary: This study presents a pressure microsensor based system for quantifying leaflet motion in transcatheter aortic valves (TAVs). By embedding sensors on the valve stent, leaflet mobility can be successfully correlated with recorded pressure, enabling monitoring of leaflet motion and early detection of valve failure.
CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Benjamin L. Shou, Stefano Schena
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefano Schena
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)