Article
Microbiology
Alex A. Knowles, Susan G. Campbell, Neil A. Cross, Prachi Stafford
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which P. gingivalis infection alters translation attenuation during oxidative stress-induced activation of the ISR in oral epithelial cells, using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and immunoblotting. The findings revealed that infection coupled with stress caused differential stress granule formation and composition, and heightened stress-induced translational repression independently of core ISR mediators. The study also implicated the gingipain-mTOR axis as the effector of host translational dysregulation during stress.
Article
Microbiology
Mariusz Madej, Zuzanna Nowakowska, Miroslaw Ksiazek, Anna M. Lasica, Danuta Mizgalska, Magdalena Nowak, Anna Jacula, Monika Bzowska, Carsten Scavenius, Jan J. Enghild, Joseph Aduse-Opoku, Michael A. Curtis, F. Xavier Gomis-Ruth, Jan Potempa
Summary: The T9SS component PorZ interacts with sortase and specifically binds A-LPS, mediated by a phosphorylated branched mannan repeat in A-LPS polysaccharide. ALPS-bound PorZ interacts with sortase with significantly higher affinity, facilitating modification of cargo proteins by the cell surface attachment complex of the T9SS.
Article
Microbiology
Anna Gasiorek, Ewelina Dobosz, Barbara Potempa, Izabela Ciaston, Mateusz Wilamowski, Zuzanna Oruba, Richard J. Lamont, Jolanta Jura, Jan Potempa, Joanna Koziel
Summary: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by dysbiotic biofilm on the tooth surface. The negative regulator MCPIP-1 plays a key role in controlling inflammatory responses, but its stability can be influenced by periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis. The proteolytic activity of gingipains from these pathogens can lead to rapid degradation of MCPIP-1, exacerbating the inflammatory response. This provides insights into potential new treatment strategies for periodontitis.
Article
Immunology
Sejal Patel, Derek Howard, Nityananda Chowdhury, Casey Derieux, Bridgette Wellslager, Ozlem Yilmaz, Leon French
Summary: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium associated with periodontal disease, is suspected to be linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Research on gingipain proteases and differentially expressed genes in brain samples with detected P. gingivalis sequences have revealed potential connections to periodontal disease, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia. Analysis of gene expression in mice and humans has highlighted specific neuroanatomical patterns related to P. gingivalis infection and its possible association with Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zhaolei Zou, Juan Fang, Wanting Ma, Junyi Guo, Zhongyan Shan, Da Ma, Qiannan Hu, Liling Wen, Zhi Wang
Summary: In this study, it was found that gingipains from P. gingivalis can degrade PECAM-1 to facilitate bacterial penetration and at the same time reduce leukocyte TEM capacity. The role of gingipains in modulating vascular barrier permeability and TEM processes provides a new understanding of the distal colonization of P. gingivalis and its associated systemic diseases.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eng Sze Wei, Ramasamy Kavitha, Mohammad Auwal Sa'ad, Pattabhiraman Lalitha, Neeraj Kumar Fuloria, Manickam Ravichandran, Shivkanya Fuloria
Summary: The isolation and characterization of gingipains from the periodontitis-causing bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis is important for studying its invasion mechanism and potential links to periodontitis, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular disease. This study introduces simpler methods using passive-mediated diffusion gel elution and gelatin zymography for the isolation and characterization of gingipains, which are easier and more cost-effective than traditional chromatographic processes and molecular cloning.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Christine A. Seers, A. Sayeed M. Mahmud, N. Laila Huq, Keith J. Cross, Eric C. Reynolds
Summary: Analysis of P. gingivalis isolates revealed significant variability in growth characteristics and proteinase activities, both in solid media and extracellularly. The different strains exhibited diverse levels of activity, with substantial differences in the amount of soluble proteinases released into the environment.
JOURNAL OF ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
George Hajishengallis
Summary: The study using a zebrafish larvae infection model found that Porphyromonas gingivalis may cause vascular damage and increased endothelial permeability by degrading key proteins, leading to endothelial dysfunction and potentially atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sharon Kim, Yasuhiko Bando, Chungyu Chang, Jeonga Kwon, Berta Tarverti, Doohyun Kim, Sung Hee Lee, Hung Ton-That, Reuben Kim, Peter L. Nara, No-Hee Park
Summary: This study successfully induced local infection, including periodontitis and systemic vascular inflammation, by topically applying Pg into the gingival pockets of wild-type mice. Pathohistological changes included Pg colonization, increased gingival pocket depths, gingival inflammation, alveolar bone loss, and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Izabela Ciaston, Joanna Budziaszek, Dorota Satala, Barbara Potempa, Andrew Fuchs, Maria Rapala-Kozik, Danuta Mizgalska, Ewelina Dobosz, Richard J. Lamont, Jan Potempa, Joanna Koziel
Summary: The study found that inactive gingipains still elicit a strong inflammatory response in gingival tissues, which may contribute to the progression of periodontitis and bone resorption. Moreover, host molecules were identified as receptors for proteolytically inactivated gingipains. The broad distribution of these receptors in human tissues suggests their involvement in systemic diseases associated with periodontal pathogens.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ingar Olsen, Sim K. Singhrao
Summary: Recent reports suggest that reduced levels of salivary lactoferrin may be linked to amyloid beta accumulation in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. This could potentially trigger oral dysbiosis, leading to changes in the oral microbiota and contributing to the development of AD pathophysiology.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Zuzanna Nowakowska, Mariusz Madej, Sylwia Grad, Tiansong Wang, Murray Hackett, Daniel P. Miller, Richard J. Lamont, Jan Potempa
Summary: The phosphorylated proteome of the anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis mainly consists of phosphotyrosine residues, affecting major virulence factors and maturation pathways. Phosphorylation of specific domains in key proteins influences secretion, processing, and enzymatic activity, suggesting multiple phosphorylation-dependent pathways of gingipain maturation in P. gingivalis. The role of candidate kinases like Ptk1 BY kinase and Ubiquitous bacterial kinase 1 (UbK1) in gingipain processing and activation remains to be confirmed.
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanchun Wang, Yilong Dong, Wenbo Zhang, Yanmei Wang, Yang Jao, Jianjun Liu, Mingzhu Zhang, Hongbing He
Summary: Epithelial disruption is the initial factor of most infectious diseases, and the regulation of epithelium apoptosis plays a vital role in the competition between resident bacteria and host cells. This study investigates the role of the mTOR/p70S6K pathway in preventing apoptosis of human gingival epithelial cells (hGECs) infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), aiming to understand the survival strategy of epithelial cells during Pg infection.
Article
Microbiology
Nanami Yoshino, Tsuyoshi Ikeda, Ryoma Nakao
Summary: The study found that fennel has significant activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen in periodontitis. Fennel extracts showed rapid lethal action against P. gingivalis and minimal effects on other oral bacteria. The extracts formed protruding nanostructures and induced overproduction of outer membrane vesicles. Fennel also inhibited the activity of gingipain enzymes produced by P. gingivalis, preventing damage to oral epithelial cells. Petroselinic acid was identified as the major bactericidal and gingipain-inhibiting component of fennel.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shiho Sugawara, Taichi Ishikawa, Shu Sato, Hidemichi Kihara, Masayuki Taira, Minoru Sasaki, Hisatomo Kondo
Summary: The use of nanotitania derived from titanium in the oral cavity may exacerbate the onset of peri-implantitis, and the presence of periodontal pathogens could further worsen the condition. These findings suggest that titanium materials may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenichi Imai, Yorimasa Ogata
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryo Koike, Marni E. Cueno, Keiko Nodomi, Muneaki Tamura, Noriaki Kamio, Hajime Tanaka, Ai Kotani, Kenichi Imai
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Norihisa Watanabe, Sho Yokoe, Yorimasa Ogata, Shuichi Sato, Kenichi Imai
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuwa Takahashi, Norihisa Watanabe, Noriaki Kamio, Sho Yokoe, Ryuta Suzuki, Shuichi Sato, Toshimitsu Iinuma, Kenichi Imai
Summary: Periodontitis may be a risk factor for exacerbating COVID-19, promoting SARS-CoV-2 infection and worsening inflammation in the lower respiratory tract.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noriaki Kamio, Mayumi Hayata, Muneaki Tamura, Hajime Tanaka, Kenichi Imai
Summary: Chronic periodontitis is a risk factor for pneumonia, and periodontopathic bacteria enhance pneumococcal adhesion to human alveoli by inducing PAFR expression. Among the virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingipains play a key role in this process.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenichi Imai, Hajime Tanaka
Summary: The oral cavity has gained attention in the context of COVID-19 as a potential route for SARS-CoV-2 transmission and replication. Saliva, containing infective viral loads, is crucial in viral spread, while oral bacteria may complicate COVID-19 progression. Oral health management not only prevents comorbidities but also has a potential impact on COVID-19 advancement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yu Kono, Muneaki Tamura, Marni E. Cueno, Morio Tonogi, Kenichi Imai
Summary: The study showed that ions released from the S-PRG filler can suppress the growth and pathogenicity of oral bacterial flora, potentially preventing diseases inside and outside the oral cavity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sho Yokoe, Akira Hasuike, Norihisa Watanabe, Hideki Tanaka, Hiroyuki Karahashi, Shin Wakuda, Osamu Takeichi, Takayuki Kawato, Hideki Takai, Yorimasa Ogata, Shuichi Sato, Kenichi Imai
Summary: Periodontitis is a common inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of teeth. The role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the etiology of periodontitis is not well understood. This study found that inactivated EBV induces high levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), leading to inflammation and osteoclast differentiation, suggesting that EBV may contribute to the onset and progression of periodontitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryuta Suzuki, Noriaki Kamio, Tadayoshi Kaneko, Yoshiyuki Yonehara, Kenichi Imai
Summary: Fusobacterium nucleatum may play a role in exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), causing inflammatory responses and exacerbating disease progression.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Kenichi Imai, Toshimitsu Iinuma, Shuichi Sato
Summary: The global aging population has a higher incidence of lower airway diseases, which are related to oral bacteria and periodontal diseases. Oral health management can reduce mortality and prevent pneumonia, highlighting the importance of collaboration between physicians and dentists.
JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Review
Virology
Masami Takei, Noboru Kitamura, Yosuke Nagasawa, Hiroshi Tsuzuki, Mitsuhiro Iwata, Yasuko Nagatsuka, Hideki Nakamura, Kenichi Imai, Shigeyoshi Fujiwara
Summary: It is believed that viral infections can trigger autoimmune diseases, with EBV potentially playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
