Article
Cell Biology
Nina Germic, Timothee Fettrelet, Darko Stojkov, Aref Hosseini, Michael P. Horn, Alexander Karaulov, Dagmar Simon, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon
Summary: This study investigated the time-dependent release of EPX and mtDNA in activated human and mouse eosinophils. The results showed rapid degranulation within 1 minute and slower release of mtDNA reaching maximal levels between 30 and 60 minutes. These data suggest different molecular pathways for degranulation and mtDNA release, with the association between mtDNA scaffold and granule proteins likely occurring in the extracellular space.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose M. Rodrigo-Munoz, Marta Gil-Martinez, Beatriz Sastre, Victoria del Pozo
Summary: Eosinophils are complex immune cells with diverse functions in various organs and can be both beneficial and detrimental to human health. While our understanding of eosinophils continues to evolve, their roles in homeostasis and disease remain complex and multifaceted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Juliana da Costa Silva, Glaucia de Azevedo Thompson-Souza, Marina Valente Barroso, Josiane Sabbadini Neves, Rodrigo Tinoco Figueiredo
Summary: Fungal infections are a global health problem, with neutrophils and eosinophils playing key roles in controlling fungal infections by releasing extracellular traps (ETs) that exhibit antifungal activities.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y. Shi, J. S. Gauer, S. R. Baker, H. Philippou, S. D. Connell, R. A. S. Ariens
Summary: Neutrophils and NETs have procoagulant effects in plasma, but not in purified fibrinogen, indicating other factors mediate the interaction. NETs increase clot density, while neutrophils induce less stable and more porous clots. Additionally, neutrophils and NETs may induce clotting through different pathways, with NETs possibly mediated by FXI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Edgar Ramos-Martinez, Leticia Hernandez-Gonzalez, Ivan Ramos-Martinez, Laura Perez-Campos Mayoral, Georgina Lopez-Cortes, Eduardo Perez-Campos, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Maria Teresa Hernandez-Huerta, Marco Jose
Summary: Extracellular DNA traps (ETs) are evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial mechanisms found in protozoa, plants, and animals. By comparing similarities in ETs across different taxa, it is suggested that ETs may have multiple origins. The presence of a mechanism initiating the formation of ETs in multicellular organisms indicates a relationship between multicellularity and the development of ETs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Siyuan Zhang, Zhenlin Wang
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and deepens the understanding of the functions of these extracellular traps in CRS.
CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Karen Aymonnier, Julie Ng, Laura E. Fredenburgh, Katherin Zambrano-Vera, Patrick Muenzer, Sarah Gutch, Shoichi Fukui, Michael Desjardins, Meera Subramaniam, Rebecca M. Baron, Benjamin A. Raby, Mark A. Perrella, James A. Lederer, Denisa D. Wagner
Summary: Infection by SARS-CoV-2 can induce activation of the inflammasome in neutrophils, which is associated with the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
Review
Respiratory System
Kunlu Shen, Mengyuan Zhang, Ruiheng Zhao, Yun Li, Chunxiao Li, Xin Hou, Bingqing Sun, Bowen Liu, Min Xiang, Jiangtao Lin
Summary: This article examines the role of EETs in asthma, highlighting their protective effect in limiting pathogen migration and antimicrobial activity, but emphasizing that their overproduction may exacerbate allergic asthma.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Magdalena Smolarz, Marcin Zawrotniak, Dorota Satala, Maria Rapala-Kozik
Summary: Neutrophils utilize various antimicrobial mechanisms, including the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) through NETosis, to combat invading pathogens. Fungal infections, particularly those caused by Candida albicans, can be defended against using NETosis strategy. The ability of C. albicans to form biofilms and release extracellular nucleic acids plays a significant role in developing drug resistance and promoting NET release by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell migration.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michal Walczak, Ryan A. Brady, Leonardo Mancini, Claudia Contini, Roger Rubio-Sanchez, William T. Kaufhold, Pietro Cicuta, Lorenzo Di Michele
Summary: This article introduces a class of synthetic DNA-based particles that, upon exposure to an external cue, can aggregate, disrupt lipid membranes, and arrest the motion of bacteria.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Teppei Hashimoto, Shigeharu Ueki, Yosuke Kamide, Yui Miyabe, Mineyo Fukuchi, Yuichi Yokoyama, Tetsuya Furukawa, Naoto Azuma, Nobuyuki Oka, Hiroki Takeuchi, Kyoko Kanno, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Masami Taniguchi, Akira Hashiramoto, Kiyoshi Matsui
Summary: In antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), levels of cfDNA are increased and associated with disease activity. Among AAV patients, those with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) had the highest levels of cfDNA, and in vitro experiments showed that EETs are more stable against DNase and provide a scaffold for platelet adhesion.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Vitor H. Neves, Cinthia Palazzi, Kennedy Bonjour, Shigeharu Ueki, Peter F. Weller, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: This study examined the ultrastructure of eosinophilic diseases using transmission electron microscopy. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of tissue-infiltrated eosinophils in various diseases undergo cytolysis and release extracellular granules. Eosinophils in early ETosis showed increased nuclear area, and ETosis led to the release of inflammatory markers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederic V. Schwabe, Lotta Happonen, Sofie Ekestubbe, Ariane Neumann
Summary: This study investigated the effects of LL-37 and LTF on blood-derived CD14(+) monocytes and found that these HDPs can induce the release of TNF alpha, nucleosomes, and monocyte ETs. The formation of ETs by LL-37 is dependent on SOCE, MAPK, and ERK1/2, while the release of ETs by LTF is not affected by any inhibitors used in this study.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Annika Seifert, Tina Tylek, Carina Blum, Naomi Hemmelmann, Bettina Boettcher, Uwe Gbureck, Juergen Groll
Summary: This study investigated the response of human macrophages to different CaPs and pore structures. The study found that macrophages are capable of releasing ETs in biomaterials, and METs associated with calcium deficient hydroxyapatite were significantly weaker or absent.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas C. Harper, Elaine M. Oberlick, Tomas J. Smith, Duncan E. Nunes, Mark-Anthony Bray, Seonmi Park, Corey D. Driscoll, Sarah F. Mowbray, Christophe Antczak
Summary: Researchers improved the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neutrophils by deleting GATA1 and CYBB molecules, making them more similar to primary neutrophils. These improved neutrophils can be used as a more accurate model to study various diseases, including COVID-19.
Article
Parasitology
Stefan Schlabe, Patricia Korir, Christine Laemmer, Frederic Landmann, Bettina Dubben, Marianne Koschel, Anna Albers, Linda Batsa Debrah, Alexander Yaw Debrah, Marc P. Huebner, Kenneth Pfarr, Ute Klarmann-Schulz, Achim Hoerauf
Summary: The study developed a qPCR-based method to quantify Wolbachia from a small number of microfilariae obtained from skin biopsies. This method can be used as a surrogate parameter for monitoring Wolbachia depletion in adult worms of new anti-wolbachial candidates.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy J. Humpton, Andreas K. Hock, Christos Kiourtis, Marco De Donatis, Frederic Fercoq, Colin Nixon, Sheila Bryson, Douglas Strathdee, Leo M. Carlin, Thomas G. Bird, Karen Blyth, Karen H. Vousden
Summary: Genetically encoded probes are commonly used to visualize cellular processes, but traditional fluorescent protein tags are suboptimal for in vivo studies due to poor tissue penetration and high background signal. A new knock-in reporter mouse model linking near-infrared fluorescent protein expression to a synthetic p53-responsive promoter enables noninvasive, longitudinal analysis of p53 activity in vivo. This model has provided insights into the timing and localization of p53 activation in response to various stimuli, potentially advancing our understanding of physiological and pathophysiological p53 responses.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jack Leslie, John B. G. Mackey, Thomas Jamieson, Erik Ramon-Gil, Thomas M. Drake, Frederic Fercoq, William Clark, Kathryn Gilroy, Ann Hedley, Colin Nixon, Saimir Luli, Maja Laszczewska, Roser Pinyol, Roger Esteban-Fabro, Catherine E. Willoughby, Philipp K. Haber, Carmen Andreu-Oller, Mohammad Rahbari, Chaofan Fan, Dominik Pfister, Shreya Raman, Niall Wilson, Miryam Muller, Amy Collins, Daniel Geh, Andrew Fuller, David McDonald, Gillian Hulme, Andrew Filby, Xabier Cortes-Lavaud, Noha-Ehssan Mohamed, Catriona A. Ford, Ximena L. Raffo Iraolagoitia, Amanda J. McFarlane, Misti McCain, Rachel A. Ridgway, Edward W. Roberts, Simon T. Barry, Gerard J. Graham, Mathias Heikenwalder, Helen L. Reeves, Josep M. Llovet, Leo M. Carlin, Thomas G. Bird, Owen J. Sansom, Derek A. Mann
Summary: This study found that targeting neutrophils using a CXCR2 small molecule inhibitor can enhance the sensitivity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC) to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (ICI). The combination therapy can reprogram the tumor immune microenvironment, increase the number of anti-tumor immune cells, and improve treatment outcomes.
Correction
Immunology
Alexandra Ehrens, Nikolas Ruediger, Lennart Heepmann, Lara Linnemann, Wiebke Hartmann, Marc P. Huebner, Minka Breloer
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Natalie Hawryluk, Dale Robinson, Yixing Shen, Graham Kyne, Matthew Bedore, Sanjay Menon, Stacie Canan, Thomas von Geldern, Simon Townson, Suzanne Gokool, Alexandra Ehrens, Marianne Koschel, Nathaly Lhermitte-Vallarino, Coralie Martin, Achim Hoerauf, Geraldine Hernandez, Deepak Dalvie, Sabine Specht, Marc Peter Hubner, Ivan Scandale
Summary: This article describes the discovery of a new type of macrofilaricide for the treatment of human filarial infections, which is of great importance for controlling and eliminating filarial diseases.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Natalie Hawryluk, Li Zhiru, Clotilde Carlow, Suzanne Gokool, Simon Townson, Tamara Kreiss, Agnieszka Chojnowski, Monika Prorok, John Siekierka, Alexandra Ehrens, Marianne Koschel, Nathaly Lhermitte-Vallarino, Coralie Martin, Achim Hoerauf, Geraldine Hernandez, Stacie Canan, Vikram Khetani, Jerome Zeldis, Sabine Specht, Marc P. Huebner, Ivan Scandale
Summary: Filarial diseases, such as lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, affect over 86 million people worldwide. This study describes a platform using various surrogate nematodes for phenotypic ex vivo assays to assess activity across different parasites. The screening cascade established in this platform identified potential macrofilaricidal compounds for further drug discovery efforts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Julia J. Reichwald, Frederic Risch, Anna-Lena Neumann, Stefan J. Frohberger, Johanna F. Scheunemann, Benjamin Lenz, Alexandra Ehrens, Wiebke Strutz, Beatrix Schumak, Achim Hoerauf, Marc P. Huebner
Summary: This study investigated the role of ILC2s during filarial infection using a rodent model of Litomosoides sigmodontis. The results showed that ILC2s were increased in C57BL/6 mice, accompanied by a stronger type 2 immune response. Furthermore, ILC2s were found to be essential in controlling microfilaremia in Rag2(-/-) C57BL/6 mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sean Harrington, Jessica J. Knox, Andrew R. Burns, Ken-Loon Choo, Aaron Au, Megan Kitner, Cecile Haeberli, Jacob Pyche, Cassandra D'Amata, Yong-Hyun Kim, Jonathan R. Volpatti, Maximillano Guiliani, Jamie Snider, Victoria Wong, Bruna M. Palmeira, Elizabeth M. Redman, Aditya S. Vaidya, John S. Gilleard, Igor Stagljar, Sean R. Cutler, Daniel Kulke, James J. Dowling, Christopher M. Yip, Jennifer Keiser, Inga Zasada, Mark Lautens, Peter J. Roy
Summary: Nematode parasites have a significant impact on human health, livestock, and crops. Researchers have discovered a compound called nementin that selectively kills and immobilizes these parasites. Nementin enhances cholinergic signaling and has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of toxic acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used to control nematode infections.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Katharina Rox, Tim Becker, Andrea Schiefer, Miriam Grosse, Alexandra Ehrens, Rolf Jansen, Tilman Aden, Stefan Kehraus, Gabriele M. Koenig, Anna K. Krome, Marc P. Huebner, Karl G. Wagner, Marc Stadler, Kenneth Pfarr, Achim Hoerauf
Summary: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a high priority pathogen organism, causing significant global mortality. The natural product CorA, currently in preclinical development, demonstrates effectiveness against MRSA in vitro. This study evaluates the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CorA, suggesting its potential for MRSA and MSSA-related infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Lenz, Beng Amuam Andrew, Manuel Ritter, Indulekha Karunakaran, Narcisse Victor Tchamatchoua Gandjui, Lucy Cho Nchang, Jayagopi Surendar, Anita Obi Bate Ebob, Alexandra Ehrens, Ute Klarmann-Schulz, Arcangelo Ricchiuto, Janina M. M. Kuehlwein, Fanny Fri Fombad, Ambe Marius Ngwa, Tatiana Djikeussi Katcho, Achim Hoerauf, Samuel Wanji, Marc P. P. Huebner
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of filarial infections on metabolic diseases and the effects of anti-filarial treatment on metabolic and immunological parameters. The results may reveal a potential protective effect of filarial infections on metabolic diseases.
Article
Immunology
Johanna F. Scheunemann, Frederic Risch, Julia J. Reichwald, Benjamin Lenz, Anna-Lena Neumann, Stephan Garbe, Stefan J. Frohberger, Marianne Koschel, Jesuthas Ajendra, Maximilian Rothe, Eicke Latz, Christoph Coch, Gunther Hartmann, Beatrix Schumak, Achim Hoerauf, Marc P. Huebner
Summary: This study explored the use of cytosolic nucleic acid receptors as adjuvants to improve the efficacy of vaccination against filarial infections. The results showed that combining irradiated L3 larvae with poly(I:C) or 3pRNA injections significantly reduced adult-worm counts by 73% and 57%, respectively, compared to vaccination with irradiated L3 larvae alone (45%).
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Richard J. Hewitt, Franz Puttur, David C. A. Gaboriau, Frederic Fercoq, Maryline Fresquet, William J. Traves, Laura L. Yates, Simone A. Walker, Philip L. Molyneaux, Samuel V. Kemp, Andrew G. Nicholson, Alexandra Rice, Edward Roberts, Rachel Lennon, Leo M. Carlin, Adam J. Byrne, Toby M. Maher, Clare M. Lloyd
Summary: This study reveals the impact of changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition secreted by lung fibroblasts on the migration and function of KRT5(+) cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), contributing to tissue remodeling in the fibrotic lung.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Frederic Risch, Johanna F. Scheunemann, Julia J. Reichwald, Benjamin Lenz, Alexandra Ehrens, Josephine Gal, Frederic Fercoq, Marianne Koschel, Martina Fendler, Achim Hoerauf, Coralie Martin, Marc P. Huebner
Summary: This study investigated the role of the immune system during treatment with OXF and FBZ and explored the potential to enhance treatment efficacy through immune system stimulation. The results showed that treatment significantly reduced adult worm burden in wild type mice, but had lower efficacy in immunodeficient mice. Flow cytometric analysis revealed treatment-specific immunological changes. These findings suggest that various components of the immune system contribute to the filaricidal effect of benzimidazoles in vivo and present an opportunity for treatment enhancement.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna K. Krome, Tim Becker, Stefan Kehraus, Andrea Schiefer, Michael Gutschow, Lillibeth Chaverra-Munoz, Stephan Huttel, Rolf Jansen, Marc Stadler, Alexandra Ehrens, Domen Pogorevc, Rolf Muller, Marc P. Hubner, Thomas Hesterkamp, Kenneth Pfarr, Achim Hoerauf, Karl G. Wagner, Gabriele M. Konig
Summary: From August 1984 to January 2022, there has been a worldwide increase in morbidity and mortality caused by antibiotic-resistant microbial infections. Effective prevention and control of infectious diseases, along with appropriate use of approved antibacterial drugs, are vital. The continuous development and supply of novel antibiotics are urgently needed. This review focuses on the discovery and development of corallopyronin A, a natural antibiotic compound, and highlights its potential as a preclinical candidate for the treatment of human filarial infections.
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2022)