Article
Oncology
Yuet Ping Kwan, Melissa Hui Yen Teo, Jonathan Chee Woei Lim, Michelle Siying Tan, Graciella Rosellinny, Walter Wahli, Xiaomeng Wang
Summary: This study revealed the important role of LRG1 in melanoma development and progression, with significant induction of LRG1 expression in melanoma cells and its mediation of melanoma cell invasiveness through the EGFR/STAT3 pathway. Targeting LRG1 may present a new strategy to control melanoma metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Wang, Nan Lou, Min Zuo, Fuqiang Zhu, Yan He, Zhiqiang Cheng, Xiaomei Wang
Summary: The study found that high expression of ZBED3-AS1 in melanoma was associated with poor patient survival. ZBED3-AS1 promoted malignant progression by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through miR-381-3p/ARID4B axis in melanoma.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Min Pan, Xiaohui Yin, Yi-Chuan Huang
Summary: PEAK1 promotes melanoma cell growth, invasion, and metastasis by activating JAK/STAT3 signals, while PEAK1 knockdown inhibits these processes by inactivating JAK/STAT3 signals. Treatment with P6 can reverse the effects induced by PEAK1 in melanoma cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Ya Jiang, Guan-Hao Wang, Jing-Jiao Xu, Xiao-Li Li, Xiao-Yan Lin, Xiang Fang, Hong-Xu Zhang, Mei Feng, Chun-Ming Jiang
Summary: This study reveals the importance of LINC00473 in regulating temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma (GB) and its potential mechanism. By regulating the expression of CEBP alpha and MGMT, LINC00473 promotes the formation of chemoresistance. Furthermore, LINC00473 can transfer chemoresistance to adjacent sensitive cells through exosomes.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhe Zhang, Chengying Sun, Yan Zheng, Yanying Gong
Summary: circFCHO2 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and activates the JAK1/STAT3 pathway by binding to miR-194-5p, promoting proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and cancer stem cell characteristics in gastric cancer cells.
Article
Oncology
Guangyao Liu, Yujian Xia, Huijin Wang, Xinghan Jin, Songyao Chen, Wei Chen, Changhua Zhang, Yulong He
Summary: This study investigated the clinical significance, biological function, and molecular mechanism of CYRI-B in gastric cancer. CYRI-B protein levels were found to be downregulated in gastric cancer, and low expression was associated with later tumor stage and poorer prognosis. The study also revealed that CYRI-B expression was regulated by collagen type I and activation of the Rac1-STAT3 pathway. These findings suggest that CYRI-B is important in the tumor microenvironment and may provide new targets for metastasis treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mehmet Berkoz, Ferbal Ozkan-Yilmaz, Arzu Ozluer-Hunt, Miroslaw Krosniak, Omer Turkmen, Duygu Korkmaz, Siddik Keskin
Summary: The study demonstrated that artesunate inhibits cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, suppressing cell migration, invasion, and colony formation, likely by blocking the STAT3 pathway and related protein expressions. It suggests that artesunate may be a promising candidate for melanoma treatment.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Roberto Coppo, Francesca Orso, Federico Virga, Alberto Dalmasso, Desiree Baruffaldi, Lei Nie, Fabiana Clapero, Daniela Dettori, Lorena Quirico, Elena Grassi, Paola Defilippi, Paolo Provero, Donatella Valdembri, Guido Serini, Mehran M. Sadeghi, Massimiliano Mazzone, Daniela Taverna
Summary: ESDN plays a critical role in melanoma progression by regulating the expression of E-selectin in endothelial cells, affecting melanoma cell adhesion, extravasation, and metastasis formation. The study proposes a protective role for ESDN in melanoma spread and highlights its therapeutic potential.
Article
Oncology
Xin Zhang, Hongwei Zhang, Zhibin Liao, Jiacheng Zhang, Huifang Liang, Weixing Wang, Jia Yu, Keshuai Dong
Summary: This study reveals that SHC4 activates STAT3 signaling to promote hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. SHC4 overexpression in HCC is associated with poor prognosis, increased migration and invasion. SHC4 enhances cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, as well as cell cycle progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC cells. Additionally, the activation of STAT3 signaling is observed in SHC4 overexpressed HCC cells and tissues. Moreover, intervention of STAT3 confirms its importance in the oncogenic role of SHC4 in HCC.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Amal Gorrab, Alessandra Pagano, Khouloud Ayed, Mohamed Chebil, Amine Derouiche, Herve Kovacic, Asma Gati
Summary: The study found that high doses of leptin promote migration and EMT transition in prostate cancer cells through the activation of the STAT3 pathway, and there is a positive correlation between Ob-R mRNA expression and prostate cancer prognosis.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Oyama, Haruka Ogawa, Yoko Shirai, Hideaki Abe, Takanori Kamiya, Takehiko Abe, Sei-ichi Tanuma
Summary: The natural compound hinokitiol has been found to inhibit the activity of the key enzyme tyrosinase (TYR) involved in melanin production. This study investigated the mechanisms by which hinokitiol decreases intracellular levels of TYR and the transcription factor MITF. The findings suggest that hinokitiol induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and triggers the degradation of TYR and MITF through the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vipin Rawat, Parmanand Malvi, Deborah Della Manna, Eddy S. Yang, Suresh Bugide, Xuchen Zhang, Romi Gupta, Narendra Wajapeyee
Summary: Metabolic deregulation in cancer cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, PSPH, a key enzyme in serine metabolism pathway, was found to be upregulated in melanoma samples. Knocking down PSPH resulted in inhibition of melanoma growth and metastasis through suppression of 2-HG levels and subsequent activation of pro-oncogenic gene expression pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anwar Shabna, Jayesh Antony, Vinod Vijayakurup, Minakshi Saikia, Vijayasteltar B. Liju, Archana P. Retnakumari, Nisthul A. Amrutha, Vijai V. Alex, Mundanattu Swetha, Sreekumar U. Aiswarya, Somaraj Jannet, Uma Subramanian Unni, Sankar Sundaram, Daisy R. Sherin, Nikhil Ponnoor Anto, Smitha Bava, Sadasivan Chittalakkottu, Sophia Ran, Ruby John Anto
Summary: This article investigates the mechanism of drug resistance in melanoma and the anti-tumor activity of tryptanthrin, a compound from Wrightia tinctoria, in melanoma. The study found that tryptanthrin inhibits melanoma invasion and metastasis by down-regulating MITF-M expression.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sivan Izraely, Shlomit Ben-Menachem, Sapir Malka, Orit Sagi-Assif, Matias A. Bustos, Orit Adir, Tsipi Meshel, Maharrish Chelladurai, Suyeon Ryu, Romela I. Ramos, Metsada Pasmanik-Chor, Dave S. B. Hoon, Isaac P. Witz
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the interaction between brain-metastasizing melanoma cells and microglia plays a crucial role in promoting metastasis. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of melanoma-microglia interactions and discovered a pro-metastatic molecular mechanism that drives the melanoma-brain metastasis cycle. By analyzing different human brain-metastasizing melanoma cell lines, we found that exposure of microglia cells to melanoma-derived IL-6 resulted in increased STAT3 phosphorylation and SOCS3 expression, leading to enhanced melanoma cell viability and metastatic potential. Inhibitors targeting the IL-6/STAT3 pathway diminished the pro-metastatic functions of microglia and reduced melanoma progression. Furthermore, overexpression of SOCS3 in microglia cells increased melanoma cell migration and proliferation, providing support for melanoma brain metastasis. However, different melanomas exhibited heterogeneity in their ability to activate microglia and respond to microglia-derived signals. Overall, the activation of the IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway in microglia appears to be a major mechanism by which melanoma-microglia signaling contributes to the progression of melanoma brain metastasis.
Article
Oncology
Erbao Chen, Yu He, Jing Jiang, Jing Yi, Zhilin Zou, Qiuzi Song, Qingqi Ren, Zewei Lin, Yi Lu, Jikui Liu, Jian Zhang
Summary: This study identified CDCA8 as a novel oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. High expression of CDCA8 was associated with worse HCC prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that CDCA8 inhibition suppressed HCC cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. Mechanistically, CDCA8 was found to regulate the MEK/ERK pathway and NF-YA to promote HCC progression.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Naveed Akbar, Adam T. Braithwaite, Emma M. Corr, Graeme J. Koelwyn, Coen van Solingen, Clement Cochain, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Alastair Corbin, Daniela Pezzolla, Malene Moller Jorgensen, Rikke Baek, Laurienne Edgar, Carla De Villiers, Mala Gunadasa-Rohling, Abhirup Banerjee, Daan Paget, Charlotte Lee, Eleanor Hogg, Adam Costin, Raman Dhaliwal, Errin Johnson, Thomas Krausgruber, Joey Riepsaame, Genevieve E. Melling, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Christoph Bock, David R. F. Carter, Keith M. Channon, Paul R. Riley, Irina A. Udalova, Kathryn J. Moore, Daniel Anthony, Robin P. Choudhury
Summary: Acute myocardial infarction leads to a rapid increase in blood neutrophils. While chemokine elevation has been considered their source, this study shows that endothelial cell activation can release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that promote mobilization of neutrophils from the spleen to peripheral blood. These EVs carry VCAM-1 and miRNA-126, and their accumulation in the spleen induces inflammatory gene expression and mobilizes splenic neutrophils.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Katharina Woess, Sabine Macho-Maschler, Dorette S. van Ingen Schenau, Miriam Butler, Caroline Lassnig, Daniel Valcanover, Andrea Poelzl, Katrin Meissl, Barbara Maurer, Tania Brandstoetter, Claus Vogl, Anna Koren, Stefan Kubicek, Anna Orlova, Richard Moriggl, Birgit Strobl, Veronika Sexl, Frank N. van Leeuwen, Roland P. Kuiper, Mathias Muelle
Summary: TYK2 mutations can cause leukemia, and this study shows that TYK2 inhibitors combined with mTOR or CDK4/6 inhibitors can be a potential treatment for TYK2-driven acute leukemia.
Review
Water Resources
Elisabeth S. Gruber, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Verena Pichler, Katharina Resch-Fauster, Andrea Todorovic, Thomas C. Meisel, Sibylle Trawoeger, Oldamur Holloczki, Suzanne D. Turner, Wolfgang Wadsak, A. Dick Vethaak, Lukas Kenner
Summary: In this review article, the potential adverse health effects of ingested micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are summarized, along with discussions on analytical and molecular modeling tools and bioethical perspectives. Prominent research questions are also mapped out.
EXPOSURE AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jiri Reinis, Oleksandr Petrenko, Benedikt Simbrunner, Benedikt S. Hofer, Filippo Schepis, Marco Scoppettuolo, Dario Saltini, Federica Indulti, Tomas Guasconi, Agustin Albillos, Luis Tellez, Candid Villanueva, Anna Brujats, Juan Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Lucile Moga, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Wihelmus J. Kwanten, Sven Francque, Jonel Trebicka, Wenyi Gu, Philip G. Ferstl, Lise Lotte Gluud, Flemming Bendtsen, Soren Moller, Stefan Kubicek, Mattias Mandorfer, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: Machine learning models based on standard laboratory parameters can predict the severity of portal hypertension in individuals with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). The models performed well in the Vienna cohort but had heterogeneous results in external validation.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lukas Kenner, Samuel Kenner, Barbara Prainsack, Peter Wallner, Kathrin Lemmerer, Lisbeth Weitensfelder, Hans-Peter Hutter
Summary: Climate change poses a threat to the health and well-being of billions of people, affecting quality of life and exacerbating inequality. Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are crucial to mitigate the negative health impacts, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged regions.
WIENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Thomas Krausgruber, Anna Redl, Daniele Barreca, Konstantin Doberer, Daria Romanovskaia, Lina Dobnikar, Maria Guarini, Luisa Unterluggauer, Lisa Kleissl, Denise Atzmuller, Carolina Mayerhofer, Aglaja Kopf, Simona Saluzzo, Clarice X. Lim, Praveen Rexie, Thomas Weichhart, Christoph Bock, George Stary
Summary: By analyzing granulomas from sarcoidosis patients, researchers reconstructed the gene regulatory networks involved in granuloma formation. They found that granulomas adopt aspects of lymphoid organ development and involve processes related to immunometabolism, cytokine and chemokine signaling, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Three cell types, including metabolically reprogrammed macrophages, cytokine-producing Th17.1 cells, and fibroblasts with inflammatory and tissue-remodeling phenotypes, were identified as key players in granuloma formation. Inhibiting one of the identified processes attenuated granuloma formation in a mouse model of sarcoidosis.
Article
Oncology
Alexandra Scheiflinger, Sega Al-Gboore, Bernhard J. Jank, Faris Brkic, Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke, Lukas Kenner, Gregor Heiduschka, Julia Schnoell
Summary: This study analyzed the association of USP4 expression with prognosis and clinicopathological features in HNSCC. The results showed that high USP4 mRNA levels were associated with prolonged overall survival, but this association was not independent after correction for confounding factors. High USP4 mRNA levels were linked to a lower T-stage, patient's age at diagnosis, and a positive HPV status. However, USP4 protein levels were not associated with prognosis or other features.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Stefan Stoiber, Faris F. Brkic, Tobias Maier, Julia Schnoell, Elisabeth Gurnhofer, Gregor Heiduschka, Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke, Lukas Kenner
Summary: This study evaluated the prognostic relevance of the Wnt/beta-CATENIN pathway in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC. High CTNNB1 expression was linked to better overall survival, and high beta-CATENIN expression was significantly associated with a better overall survival as well. Thus, beta-CATENIN expression may serve as a marker for better survival outcomes in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Bernhard J. Jank, Julia Schnoell, Katharina Kladnik, Carmen Sparr, Markus Haas, Elisabeth Gurnhofer, Alexander L. Lein, Markus Brunner, Lukas Kenner, Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke, Gregor Heiduschka
Summary: This study explored the role of the TGF-β pathway in HNSCC and evaluated the antineoplastic and radiosensitizing effects of the TGFBR1 inhibitor, vactosertib, in vitro.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Verena Kopatz, Kevin Wen, Tibor Kovacs, Alison S. Keimowitz, Verena Pichler, Joachim Widder, A. Dick Vethaak, Oldamur Holloczki, Lukas Kenner
Summary: The study found that nanometer-sized plastic particles can enter the brain of mice within two hours after oral administration, and the composition of the biomolecular corona surrounding the particles determines their passage through the blood-brain barrier. Cholesterol molecules enhance uptake, while protein models inhibit it. These findings contribute to our understanding of the long-term effects of polymeric materials on the environment and health.
Article
Oncology
Laura Urwanisch, Michael Stefan Unger, Helene Sieberer, Hieu-Hoa Dang, Theresa Neuper, Christof Regl, Julia Vetter, Susanne Schaller, Stephan M. Winkler, Emanuela Kerschbamer, Christian X. Weichenberger, Peter W. Krenn, Michela Luciano, Lisa Pleyer, Richard Greil, Christian G. Huber, Fritz Aberger, Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
Summary: Epigenetic alterations play a significant role in cancer development, and the reversible nature of epigenetic changes makes them attractive targets for therapy. In this study, the authors investigated the expression of HDAC genes in AML patients and cell lines, and the effects of the HDAC inhibitor TMP269 on AML cells. They found significant overexpression of various HDACs in AML and observed that TMP269 treatment had effects on the proteome and growth of AML cells. Additionally, they demonstrated that the combination of TMP269 and venetoclax resulted in enhanced cell apoptosis. These findings highlight the potential of TMP269 as a therapeutic compound for AML.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Pencik, Cecile Philippe, Michaela Schlederer, Emine Atas, Matteo Pecoraro, Sandra Grund-Groeschke, Wen (Jess) Li, Amanda Tracz, Isabel Heidegger, Sabine Lagger, Karolina Trachtova, Monika Oberhuber, Ellen Heitzer, Osman Aksoy, Heidi A. Neubauer, Bettina Wingelhofer, Anna Orlova, Nadine Witzeneder, Thomas Dillinger, Elisa Redl, Georg Greiner, David D'Andrea, Johnny R. Ostman, Simone Tangermann, Ivana Hermanova, Georg Schaefer, Felix Sternberg, Elena E. Pohl, Christina Sternberg, Adam Varady, Jaqueline Horvath, Dagmar Stoiber, Tim I. Malcolm, Suzanne D. Turner, Eileen E. Parkes, Brigitte Hantusch, Gerda Egger, Stefan Rose-John, Valeria Poli, Suneil Jain, Chris W. D. Armstrong, Gregor Hoermann, Vincent Goffin, Fritz Aberger, Richard Moriggl, Arkaitz Carracedo, Cathal McKinney, Richard D. Kennedy, Helmut Klocker, Michael R. Speicher, Dean G. Tang, Ali A. Moazzami, David M. Heery, Marcus Hacker, Lukas Kenner
Summary: PTEN and STAT3 are frequently co-deleted genes in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). STAT3 controls mPCa through the LKB1/pAMPK/mTORC1/CREB signaling pathway, and metformin can inhibit mPCa growth.
Article
Oncology
Evan K. Noch, Laura N. Palma, Isaiah Yim, Nayah Bullen, Yuqing Qiu, Hiranmayi Ravichandran, Junbum Kim, Andre Rendeiro, Melissa B. Davis, Olivier Elemento, David J. Pisapia, Kevin Zhai, Hongbiao Carl LeKaye, Jason A. Koutcher, Patrick Y. Wen, Keith L. Ligon, Lewis C. Cantley
Summary: This study investigated the critical role of insulin feedback in the poor clinical efficacy of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition in cancer and the independent association between hyperglycemia and poor prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM). It was found that combining anti-hyperglycemic therapy with PI3K inhibition improved treatment efficacy in a GBM mouse model. Analysis of clinical trial data revealed that hyperglycemia was independently associated with poor progression-free survival in GBM patients.