Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Einav G. Levin, Yaniv Lustig, Carmit Cohen, Ronen Fluss, Victoria Indenbaum, Sharon Amit, Ram Doolman, Keren Asraf, Ella Mendelson, Arnona Ziv, Carmit Rubin, Laurence Freedman, Yitshak Kreiss, Gili Regev-Yochay
Summary: A study in Israel revealed that waning immunity after receiving two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine led to an increase in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Levels of spike-binding IgG and neutralizing antibodies decreased more significantly in men, individuals aged 65 or older, and immunosuppressed individuals in a longitudinal study involving nearly 4000 healthcare workers.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mikail Dogan, Lina Kozhaya, Lindsey Placek, Courtney Gunter, Mesut Yigit, Rachel Hardy, Matthew Plassmeyer, Paige Coatney, Kimberleigh Lillard, Zaheer Bukhari, Michael Kleinberg, Chelsea Hayes, Moshe Arditi, Ellen Klapper, Noah Merin, Bruce Tsan-Tang Liang, Raavi Gupta, Oral Alpan, Derya Unutmaz
Summary: Development of highly sensitive SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and neutralization assays revealed that hospitalized individuals have higher IgG antibody responses and neutralization titers compared to outpatient or convalescent plasma donors, providing insights into the host humoral response to SARS CoV-2.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Anne-Cathrine S. Vogt, Gilles Augusto, Byron Martina, Xinyue Chang, Gheyath Nasrallah, Daniel E. Speiser, Monique Vogel, Martin F. Bachmann, Mona O. Mohsen
Summary: This study reveals that both the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have a higher affinity for the ACE2 receptor, allowing for easier infection and evasion of antibody neutralization through receptor affinity. Unlike the Delta variant, the Omicron variant escapes antibody recognition due to a mutation that reduces its ability to be recognized by antibodies, resulting in further reduced neutralization. However, RNA-based vaccine immunizations still induce significant viral neutralization for all variants.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nina Kreuzberger, Caroline Hirsch, Marike Andreas, Lena Boehm, Paul J. Broeckelmann, Veronica Di Cristanziano, Martin Golinski, Renate Ilona Hausinger, Sibylle Mellinghoff, Berit Lange, Tina Lischetzki, Verena Kappler, Agata Mikolajewska, Ina Monsef, Yun Soo Park, Vanessa Piechotta, Christoph Schmaderer, Miriam Stegemann, Kanika Vanshylla, Florencia Weber, Stephanie Weibel, Caspar Stephani, Nicole Skoetz
Summary: This study provides an overview of the available literature on immune response and long-term clinical outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination, and maps the evidence according to different population subgroups, specific vaccines, immunity parameters, and outcome measures.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miriam Merad, Catherine A. Blish, Federica Sallusto, Akiko Iwasaki
Summary: Considerable research effort has been focused on deciphering the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infections and understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19, including Long Covid syndrome. The hope is that knowledge gained from this research will be applied to studies of inflammatory processes in critical and chronic illnesses in the future.
Article
Immunology
Jiaqi Zhang, Shan Xing, Dan Liang, Wei Hu, Changwen Ke, Jinyong He, Runyu Yuan, Yile Huang, Yizhe Li, Dongdong Liu, Xuedong Zhang, Lin Li, Jianhua Lin, Weili Li, Xiangyun Teng, Yijun Liu, Wei Wen, Qiang Kang, Dawei Wang, Wanli Liu, Jianhua Xu
Summary: A study showed that 90.7% of vaccinated individuals had NAb seroconversion, with all participants who seroconverted after the first dose being females with relatively high prevaccine estradiol levels. Individuals without seroconversion tended to have lower lymphocyte counts and higher serum SAA levels. Additionally, young vaccine recipients had significantly higher peak NAb titers compared to elderly recipients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aysan Moeinafshar, Niloufar Yazdanpanah, Nima Rezaei
Summary: COVID-19 is a viral disease caused by a coronavirus. The immune system plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, making immune-based therapeutic approaches an interesting field of research.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Laura Mansi, Laurie Spehner, Etienne Daguindau, Kevin Bouiller, Hamadi Almotlak, Ulrich Stein, Adeline Bouard, Stefano Kim, Elodie Klajer, Marine Jary, Guillaume Meynard, Angelique Vienot, Charlee Nardin, Fernando Bazan, Quentin Lepiller, Virginie Westeel, Olivier Adotevi, Christophe Borg, Marie Kroemer
Summary: Cancer patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2 produced a high rate of specific antibodies, but lacked T-cell responses against the virus, indicating a deficiency in protective T-cell immunity. However, their immune memory against common viruses remained intact.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Smriti Mallapaty
Summary: Innate immunity may be the reason why children have better outcomes with the virus, but the Delta variant introduces new uncertainties.
Article
Immunology
Simona Arientova, Katerina Matuskova, Oldrich Bartos, Michal Holub, Ondrej Beran
Summary: This study examined the dynamics and duration of immune responses after a three-dose regimen of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. The results showed that the vaccine induced potent and enduring humoral and cellular immune responses, with enhanced protection after the third dose that remained stable up to a year later.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Chen, Ajay Nirula, Barry Heller, Robert L. Gottlieb, Joseph Boscia, Jason Morris, Gregory Huhn, Jose Cardona, Bharat Mocherla, Valentina Stosor, Imad Shawa, Andrew C. Adams, Jacob Van Naarden, Kenneth L. Custer, Lei Shen, Michael Durante, Gerard Oakley, Andrew E. Schade, Janelle Sabo, Dipak R. Patel, Paul Klekotka, Daniel M. Skovronsky
Summary: LY-CoV555, a neutralizing antibody, showed promising results in reducing viral load, improving symptoms, and lowering the risk of hospitalization among patients with mild or moderate Covid-19. While one of the doses appeared to accelerate the decline in viral load, others did not show significant effects by day 11.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zheng Wang, Dan Li, Yulu Chen, Yeping Sun, Changzhong Jin, Caiqin Hu, Yi Feng, Junwei Su, Li Ren, Yanling Hao, Shuo Wang, Meiling Zhu, Ying Liu, Jianxun Qi, Biao Zhu, Yiming Shao
Summary: In this study, memory B cells specific to the receptor binding domain (RBD) were isolated from two COVID-19 convalescents, and their antibodies were tested for neutralizing activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Three potent RBD-specific neutralizing antibodies were identified, and the complex structures of two antibodies with RBD were resolved. The analysis of antibody repertoire showed higher CDR3 frequencies in the light chain compared to the heavy chain. This research contributes to the development of RBD-specific antibody-based drugs and immunogens against multiple variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chan Mi Lee, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Chang Kyung Kang, Eunyoung Lee, Kyoung-Ho Song, Ji Hwan Bang, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Nam Joong Kim, Hang-Rae Kim, Youngju Kim, Chang-Han Lee, Hyun Mu Shin, Sang-Won Park, Wan Beom Park, Myoung-don Oh
Summary: This study investigates the immune responses in individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 who develop breakthrough COVID-19, comparing severe and non-severe cases. The study finds that severe breakthrough cases have lower levels of anti-S1 IgG antibodies within the first week of symptom onset compared to non-severe cases, and non-severe cases have higher antibody levels compared to vaccinated individuals without infection. The cellular immune response is also diminished in breakthrough cases, particularly in severe cases. Advanced age and low anti-S1 IgG titer are associated with severe breakthrough COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Qihong Yan, Ping He, Xiaohan Huang, Kun Luo, Yudi Zhang, Haisu Yi, Qian Wang, Feng Li, Ruitian Hou, Xiaodi Fan, Pingchao Li, Xinglong Liu, Huan Liang, Yijun Deng, Zhaoming Chen, Yunfei Chen, Xiaoneng Mo, Liqiang Feng, Xiaoli Xiong, Song Li, Jian Han, Linbing Qu, Xuefeng Niu, Ling Chen
Summary: Recent research has shown an increase in shared VH3-53-encoded antibodies targeting RBD in COVID-19 patients' antibody repertoires post-infection, with the identification of a highly shared VH3-53-J6 clonotype. These antibodies possess RBD binding and virus-neutralizing activities, recognizing the ACE2 binding site via the same molecular interface.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hao Chen, Xinyu Zhang, Wanjun Liu, Mingshan Xue, Chenxi Liao, Zhifeng Huang, Haisheng Hu, Baoqing Sun
Summary: Diagnosing COVID-19 poses challenges, with serum antibody testing serving as a supplementary method to improve accuracy and aid in understanding infection stages and monitoring treatment efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Amelie Jaeger, Sudheer Madan Mohan Gambheer, Xiaoyang Sun, Dmitry Chernyakov, Oleksandra Skorobohatko, Thomas Mack, Sandra Kissel, Dietmar Pfeifer, Robert Zeiser, Paul Fisch, Geoffroy Andrieux, Daniela Braeuer-Hartmann, Marcus Bauer, Susann Schulze, Marie Follo, Melanie Boerries, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Jose Villacorta Hidalgo, Claudius Klein, Thomas Weber, Claudia Wickenhauser, Mascha Binder, Christine Dierks
Summary: Inflammatory granulocytes and activated cytokine signaling play crucial roles in the development and symptoms of T-cell follicular helper-type PTCL (TFH-PTCL). By inhibiting inflammatory granulocytes and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, we can alleviate inflammatory symptoms, reduce lymphoma infiltration, and improve patient survival. Therefore, broad JAK inhibitors may be an effective treatment strategy in the early stages of the disease.
Article
Virology
Christoph Schultheiss, Edith Willscher, Lisa Paschold, Cornelia Gottschick, Bianca Klee, Lidia Bosurgi, Jochen Dutzmann, Daniel Sedding, Thomas Frese, Matthias Girndt, Jessica I. Hoell, Michael Gekle, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Mascha Binder
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection that significantly impact life quality. This study reveals pronounced dysregulation in immune factors and persistence of viral protein in individuals with PASC, highlighting its biological heterogeneity. Further correlation with clinically defined PASC subtypes is needed.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
David Luebbering, Max Preti, Lena Schlott, Christoph Schultheiss, Soeren Weidemann, Ansgar W. Lohse, Mascha Binder, Antonella Carambia, Johannes Herkel
Summary: This study found that in a model of autoimmune hepatitis driven by autoantigen-specific CD4(+) T cells, the spontaneous generation of infiltrating plasma cells and B cells in the liver indicated a role for B cells in the development of hepatitis. However, depletion of B cells did not prevent the occurrence of spontaneous hepatitis. Therefore, autoreactive B cells may be bystanders rather than drivers of liver inflammation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisa Paschold, Cornelia Gottschick, Susan Langer, Bianca Klee, Sophie Diexer, Ivona Aksentijevich, Christoph Schultheiss, Oliver Purschke, Peggy Riese, Stephanie Trittel, Roland Haase, Frank Dressler, Wolfgang Eberl, Johannes Huebner, Till Strowig, Carlos A. Guzman, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Mascha Binder
Summary: This study provides insights into the B and T cell repertoires in infants and their association with early life respiratory infections. Low antigen-dependent somatic hypermutation of B cell repertoires and low T and B cell repertoire clonality are observed at 12 months of age, reflecting immunological naivety. Infants with inadequate T cell repertoire diversity or high clonality experience more acute respiratory infections. There is no correlation between T or B cell repertoire metrics and other parameters such as sex, birth mode, siblings, pets, daycare, or breastfeeding duration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Luise Victoria Claass, Patrick Mayr, Lisa Paschold, Thomas Weber, Denis Terziev, Bertram Jehs, Richard Brill, Johannes Dober, Bruno Maerkl, Claudia Wickenhauser, Piotr Czapiewski, Martin Trepel, Rainer Claus, Mascha Binder
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines do not seem to be associated with the development of lymphomas in the lymph nodes of the deltoid region used for vaccination. The study found that cases of unilateral axillary lymphomas occurred both before and after the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and there was no evidence of a correlation between the vaccines and the malignant clonotypes.
Article
Immunology
Ricards Marcinkevics, Pamuditha N. Silva, Anna-Katharina Hankele, Charlyn Doernte, Sarah Kadelka, Katharina Csik, Svenja Godbersen, Algera Goga, Lynn Hasenohrl, Pascale Hirschi, Hasan Kabakci, Mary P. LaPierre, Johanna Mayrhofer, Alexandra C. Title, Xuan Shu, Nouell Baiioud, Sandra Bernal, Laura Dassisti, Mara D. Saenz-de-Juano, Meret Schmidhauser, Giulia Silvestrelli, Simon Z. Ulbrich, Thea J. Ulbrich, Tamara Wyss, Daniel J. Stekhoven, Faisal S. Al-Quaddoomi, Shuqing Yu, Mascha Binder, Christoph Schultheiss, Claudia Zindel, Christoph Kolling, Jorg Goldhahn, Bahram Kasmapour Seighalani, Polina Zjablovskaja, Frank Hardung, Marc Schuster, Anne Richter, Yi-Ju Huang, Gereon Lauer, Herrad Baurmann, Jun Siong Low, Daniela Vaqueirinho, Sandra Jovic, Luca Piccoli, Sandra Ciesek, Julia E. Vogt, Federica Sallusto, Markus Stoffel, Susanne E. Ulbrich
Summary: In a study of 2,911 young adults, it was found that 65 individuals who had an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibited B and T cell responses, contributing to virus neutralization. The study suggests that next-generation COVID-19 vaccines should be designed to induce stronger cellular responses to sustain the generation of potent neutralizing antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Janka Massag, Sophie Diexer, Bianca Klee, Daniela Costa, Cornelia Gottschick, Anja Broda, Oliver Purschke, Nils Opel, Mascha Binder, Daniel Sedding, Thomas Frese, Matthias Girndt, Jessica Hoell, Irene Moor, Jonas Rosendahl, Michael Gekle, Rafael Mikolajczyk
Summary: The Russian invasion of Ukraine has had a negative impact on the mental health of the German population, with anxiety and distress levels remaining elevated even after 6 months. Low-income individuals, especially those experiencing fears related to their personal financial situation, were most affected. Those who initially reacted strongly with fear were more likely to experience persistent symptoms of depression and anxiety.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lisa Paschold, Alexander Stein, Benjamin Thiele, Joseph Tintelnot, Svenja-Sibylla Henkes, Cornelia Coith, Christoph Schultheiss, Klaus Pantel, Sabine Riethdorf, Mascha Binder
Summary: The addition of nivolumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy in first-line treatment for HER2 positive esophagogastric adenocarcinoma leads to improved survival. However, it is still unclear if specific subsets of patients can benefit from an immunotherapeutic but chemotherapy-free approach.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Anna Brandt, Benjamin Thiele, Christoph Schultheiss, Eveline Daetwyler, Mascha Binder
Summary: Tumors release cell-free DNA (cfDNA) into the bloodstream, and liquid biopsies have become a non-invasive diagnostic test to analyze cfDNA and monitor cancer progression. This technique is particularly useful in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) due to its genetic heterogeneity and limited imaging sensitivity. However, there are technical challenges that need to be addressed before widespread clinical application of liquid biopsy in HNSCC management.
Article
Oncology
Elisabeth Gross, Ralf-Axel Hilger, Franziska Lea Schuemann, Marcus Bauer, Alyssa Bouska, Christian Rohde, Edith Willscher, Jana Luetzkendorf, Lutz Peter Mueller, Bayram Edemir, Thomas Mueller, Marco Herling, Mascha Binder, Claudia Wickenhauser, Javeed Iqbal, Guido Posern, Thomas Weber
Summary: Histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2 is frequently altered in lymphoid tumors, and its overexpression or mutation is associated with tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, the combination treatment with SAM-competitive EZH2 inhibitors led to platinum resistance due to increased platinum efflux. Off-target effects of the inhibitors resulted in the upregulation of proteins associated with chemotherapy resistance.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Schultheiss, Silja Steinmann, Edith Willscher, Lisa Paschold, Ansgar W. Lohse, Mascha Binder
Summary: This study found that variant syndromes of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) share some immunological characteristics. Discriminative markers between AIH and PBC included T and B cell receptor repertoires, as well as soluble immune checkpoint molecules such as sCD25, sLAG-3, sCD86, and sTim-3. Another set of immune factors associated with AIH included TNF, IFN gamma, IL12p70, sCTLA-4, sPD-1, and sPD-L1. Clustering analysis revealed two pathological immunotypes consisting predominantly of either AIH or PBC cases. Overall, variant syndromes may represent an immunological spectrum from PBC to AIH-like disease rather than separate entities.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)