Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duriye Nur Dagdelen, Aysenur Akkulak, Gizem Donmez Yalcin
Summary: This study investigated the regulation of glutamate metabolism by the GLT-1 degradation pathway in glioblastoma and glial cell lines. The results showed increased expression of GLT-1 in glioblastoma cells, with decreased levels of PKC protein and total ubiquitin. Glutamate accumulation in glioblastoma cells was also found to be reduced compared to glial cells. Exciting opportunities for drug and treatment development may arise from further research focusing on GLT-1 degradation or activation pathway in glioblastoma.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alain M. Guillem, Elizabeth N. Krizman, Michael B. Robinson
Summary: Glutamate, the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, is regulated by signals and post-translational modifications through a family of transporters. Abnormal glutamatergic signaling has been linked to various psychiatric and neurological disorders, but understanding the mechanisms involved in regulation will be crucial for further advancements in the field.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dong Sun, Zhi-Bing Tan, Xiang-Dong Sun, Zhi-Peng Liu, Wen -Bing Chen, Leena Milibari, Xiao Ren, Ling-Ling Yao, Daehoon Lee, Chen Shen, Jin-Xiu Pan, Zhi-Hui Huang, Lin Mei, Wen-Cheng Xiong
Summary: The loss of NEO1 is associated with the development of epilepsy, as evidenced by reduced NEO1 expression in the hippocampi of epilepsy patients and elevated seizure susceptibility in Neo1 knockout mice. The interaction between NEO1 and GLAST in astrocytes plays a crucial role in regulating the epileptic phenotype by affecting GABAergic transmission and extracellular glutamate clearance. The findings suggest that NEO1 could be a potential therapeutic target for protecting the brain from epilepsy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carmela Serpe, Lucia Monaco, Michela Relucenti, Ludovica Iovino, Pietro Familiari, Ferdinando Scavizzi, Marcello Raspa, Giuseppe Familiari, Laura Civiero, Igea D'Agnano, Cristina Limatola, Myriam Catalano
Summary: The study demonstrates that microglia-derived sEVs affect cancer cell metabolism by carrying miR-124, reducing the release of certain chemicals by glioma cells, and increasing the expression of Glu transporter Glt-1 on astrocytes. This in turn leads to significantly reduced tumor mass and increased survival of glioma-bearing mice, depending on miR-124.
Review
Neurosciences
Ares Orlando Cuellar-Santoyo, Victor Manuel Ruiz-Rodriguez, Teresa Belem Mares-Barbosa, Araceli Patron-Soberano, Andrew G. Howe, Diana Patricia Portales-Perez, Amaya Miquelajauregui Graf, Ana Maria Estrada-Sanchez
Summary: Previous research mainly focused on the function of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, relegating astrocytes to a secondary role of ensuring neurotransmission. Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes actively contribute to and regulate neuronal transmission. This review compares glutamatergic components in neurons and astrocytes to explore how astrocytes modulate or influence neuronal transmission. Despite knowing their role in synaptic modulation, the specific contributions of astrocytes to physiological and pathological conditions remain unclear. Understanding the role of astrocytes in neuronal processing could lead to new therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rhea Temmermand, James E. Barrett, Andreia C. K. Fontana
Summary: Neuropathic pain is a common disease that lacks effective pharmacotherapies. Modulating glutamate transporters may be a novel approach to treating pain. This review summarizes the physiology of the glutamatergic system, preclinical evidence in animal models, and emerging therapies that modulate glutamate transport in neuropathic pain.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Darshan Sapkota, Mandy S. J. Kater, Kristina Sakers, Kayla R. Nygaard, Yating Liu, Sarah K. Koester, Stuart B. Fass, Allison M. Lake, Rohan Khazanchi, Rana R. Khankan, Mitchell C. Krawczyk, August B. Smit, Susan E. Maloney, Mark H. G. Verheijen, Ye Zhang, Joseph D. Dougherty
Summary: Neuronal activity can regulate transcriptional and translational responses in astrocytes, providing an additional mechanism for astrocytes to dynamically modulate nervous system functioning.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fiorenzo Conti, Daniela Pietrobon
Summary: Glutamate transporters play a crucial role in regulating glutamate levels in the brain and are involved in various brain functions and neurological diseases. Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) is a rare form of migraine with aura caused by loss-of-function mutations in alpha 2NKA. FHM2 mice exhibit reduced expression of glutamate transporters and impaired glutamate clearance, leading to enhanced susceptibility to cortical spreading depression and increased pain response to migraine triggers.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eva Perez-Jimenez, Rosa Viana, Carmen Munoz-Ballester, Carlos Vendrell-Tornero, Raquel Moll-Diaz, Maria Adelaida Garcia-Gimeno, Pascual Sanz
Summary: Lafora disease is a fatal rare form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy caused by mutations in the EPM2A or EPM2B genes, resulting in early adolescent onset. Dysfunction of the laforin/malin complex may lead to alterations in the ubiquitination of GLT-1, potentially contributing to the epilepsy associated with LD.
Article
Neurosciences
Allison R. Peterson, Terese A. Garcia, Kyle Cullion, Seema K. Tiwari-Woodruff, Ernest Pedapati, Devin K. Binder
Summary: Astrocytic glutamate transporters play a crucial role in maintaining glutamate homeostasis in the brain, and targeting glutamate uptake may be a promising therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Upregulation of GLT-1 in astrocytes has shown to be neuroprotective, reducing seizure frequency and eliminating large behavioral seizures in epilepsy models.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Longze Sha, Guanjun Li, Xiuneng Zhang, Yarong Lin, Yunjie Qiu, Yu Deng, Wanwan Zhu, Qi Xu
Summary: The dysregulation of EAAT2 is involved in the development of TLE. The E3 ubiquitin ligase AMFR interacts with EAAT2 and increases its oligomeric level. Acetaminophen (APAP) induces the transcriptional activation of AMFR via SP1, leading to reduced occurrence of epileptic seizures. APAP treatment enhances the antiepileptic effects of the Hsp90 inhibitor 17AAG.
Article
Neurosciences
Chao Ren, Kai-Jie He, Hua Hu, Jin-Bao Zhang, Li-Guo Dong, Dan Li, Jing Chen, Cheng-Jie Mao, Fen Wang, Chun-Feng Liu
Summary: This study found that knocking down astrocytic GLT-1 could lead to PD-like changes, including impaired motor function, abnormal gait, and depression-like features. Additionally, the dopaminergic system was impaired and the count of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons was reduced in astrocytic GLT-1 knockdown rats. Blocking glutamate excitotoxicity may provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of PD.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Xiang Li, Wenjun Wang, Jianghong Yan, Fancai Zeng
Summary: This review discusses the role of glutamate transporters in Parkinson's disease, comparing the expression of different types of glutamate transporter genes using bioinformatics and suggesting that they may be potential targets for the treatment of PD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Flavia A. Tejeda-Bayron, David E. Rivera-Aponte, Christian J. Malpica-Nieves, Geronimo Maldonado-Martinez, Hector M. Maldonado, Serguei N. Skatchkov, Misty J. Eaton
Summary: The GLT-1 translational activator LDN improved stroke outcomes in young adult male mice by reducing infarct size and enhancing sensorimotor performance, while no such improvement was observed in female mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Dabrowska-Bouta, Grzegorz Sulkowski, Magdalena Gewartowska, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: The widespread use of silver nanoparticles poses a potential threat to the environment and raises questions about biosafety. This study investigates the neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on the developing brain. The results show that prolonged exposure to low doses of silver nanoparticles induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurons, while neurons promote protective mechanisms to compensate for the stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beata Dabrowska-Bouta, Grzegorz Sulkowski, Jolanta Orzelska-Gorka, Lidia Struzynska, Ewa Kedzierska, Grazyna Biala
Summary: The study revealed significant deposition of silver nanoparticles in the brains of exposed rats, resulting in transcriptional changes in the cellular components of the neurovascular unit that may lead to blood-brain barrier disintegration. Ultrastructural analysis showed enhanced permeability of cerebral microvessels, causing perivascular edema.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Magdalena Cieslik, Magdalena Gassowska-Dobrowolska, Aleksandra Zawadzka, Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz, Magdalena Gewartowska, Agnieszka Dominiak, Grzegorz A. Czapski, Agata Adamczyk
Summary: The study showed widespread synaptic changes in the hippocampi of adolescent offspring prenatally exposed to MIA, including alterations in cell structure, mitochondrial activity, and reactive oxygen species generation.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Dabrowska-Bouta, Grzegorz Sulkowski, Mikolaj Salek, Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: Silver nanoparticles have strong antimicrobial properties, but also exhibit neurotoxicity by affecting the NMDA receptor complex and signaling pathways in immature rats, potentially leading to health hazards in children and infants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that leads to progressive disability of patients. Glial cells and P2X7 receptors play crucial roles in the inflammatory reaction in the pathological process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Dabrowska-Bouta, Lidia Struzynska, Marta Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Grzegorz Sulkowski
Summary: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is commonly used in research on the pathomechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The study found that the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine improved neurological deficits and reduced oxidative stress in EAE rats. Early administration of the antagonist was partially effective in suppressing NMDAR-induced oxidative stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Agnieszka Pawlak, Magdalena Gewartowska, Maciej Przybylski, Mateusz Kuffner, Diana Wiligorska, Robert Gil, Zbigniew Krol, Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz
Summary: This study investigated the ultrastructural changes in mitochondria in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and parvovirus B19 (PB19V) infection. The presence of PB19V in heart tissue without inflammation was associated with distinctive ultrastructural pathologies in mitochondria. These findings provide new insights into the impact of PB19V in DCM and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Dabrowska-Bouta, Grzegorz Sulkowski, Magdalena Gewartowska, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: The widespread use of silver nanoparticles poses a potential threat to the environment and raises questions about biosafety. This study investigates the neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on the developing brain. The results show that prolonged exposure to low doses of silver nanoparticles induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurons, while neurons promote protective mechanisms to compensate for the stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Kawalec, Piotr Wojtyniak, Ewelina Bielska, Anita Lewczuk, Anna Boratynska-Jasinska, Malgorzata Beresewicz-Haller, Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz, Magdalena Gewartowska, Barbara Zablocka
Summary: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) occur due to temporary blockage of blood circulation in the brain. This study found that changes in mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and biogenesis may contribute to a reduced susceptibility to TIA.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Agnieszka Pawlak, Agata Niedzwiedzka, Magdalena Gewartowska, Maciej Przybylski, Konstanty Szuldrzynski
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Slawomir Wajman, Magdalena Gewartowska, Robert Antoniak, Marek Stanczyk
Summary: This case report describes a rare case of appendicitis due to an uncommon anatomical location of the appendix. Prior repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia may alter the position of the appendix, leading to an unusual course of appendicitis. Surgeons should maintain a high index of suspicion for appendicitis at rare locations, and CT imaging may be helpful in avoiding inadvertent complications.
JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Marta Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: Astrocytes play a fundamental role in neurodegeneration, with their interactions with neurons and microglia being crucial for disease progression. Understanding the multifaceted functions of astrocytes and their communication pathways is essential for the development of novel mechanism-based therapies against neurodegenerative disorders.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)