Article
Hematology
Zuojia Chen, Jialie Luo, Jian Li, Girak Kim, Andy Stewart, Yuefeng Huang, Chuan Wu
Summary: Intestinal inflammation enhances platelet activation and blood coagulation, with intestinal epithelial damage leading to elevated levels of IL-33 and promotion of platelet activation through 5-HT release. Intestinal IL-33 and peripheral IL-33 have a protective role in acute inflammation.
Review
Cell Biology
Yun Han Kwon, Waliul I. Khan
Summary: This review examines the interactions between serotonin and the gut microbiota, and discusses their importance for intestinal health. Recent studies have shown bidirectional interactions between the host serotonergic system and the gut microbiota, which may have implications for conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liangen Yu, Yihang Li
Summary: The number of neurological and psychiatric patients has increased dramatically, but effective treatments are limited due to unclear disease mechanisms. Further exploration of the biological aspects of these diseases and identifying new targets for alternative treatments is urgently needed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emily L. Brooks, Khalil K. Hussain, Khushboo Kotecha, Aya Abdalla, Bhavik Anil Patel
Summary: Common symptoms of food intolerance are caused by chemicals in food that affect gastrointestinal motility. Diagnosing food intolerance requires a long process of eliminating responsible foods. Intestinal EC cells release 5-HT in response to chemical stimuli, which directly affects intestinal motility. This study developed a 3D-printed electrochemical multiwell plate to monitor changes in 5-HT levels from intestinal organoids exposed to different food components. The results show that this approach can be a high-throughput platform for rapid screening of food intolerance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siobhan Crittenden, Marie Goepp, Jolinda Pollock, Calum T. Robb, Danielle J. Smyth, You Zhou, Robert Andrews, Victoria Tyrrell, Konstantinos Gkikas, Alexander Adima, Richard A. O'Connor, Luke Davies, Xue-Feng Li, Hatti X. Yao, Gwo-Tzer Ho, Xiaozhong Zheng, Amil Mair, Sonja Vermeren, Bin-Zhi Qian, Damian J. Mole, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Jurgen K. J. Schwarze, Richard M. Breyer, Mark J. Arends, Valerie B. O'Donnell, John P. Iredale, Stephen M. Anderton, Shuh Narumiya, Rick M. Maizels, Adriano G. Rossi, Sarah E. Howie, Chengcan Yao
Summary: The study finds that the inflammation mediator prostaglandin E-2 inhibits T-reg cells by affecting gut microbiota, leading to exacerbation of intestinal inflammation. The mechanism involves PGE(2) altering gut microbiota, adjusting T-reg cell response and intestinal mononuclear phagocyte activity, ultimately resulting in aggravated inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Ryota Yamagishi, Fumitaka Kamachi, Masaru Nakamura, Shota Yamazaki, Tomonori Kamiya, Masaki Takasugi, Yi Cheng, Yoshiki Nonaka, Yoshimi Yukawa-Muto, Le Thi Thanh Thuy, Yohsuke Harada, Tatsuya Arai, Tze Mun Loo, Shin Yoshimoto, Tatsuya Ando, Masahiro Nakajima, Hayao Taguchi, Takamasa Ishikawa, Hisaya Akiba, Sachiko Miyake, Masato Kubo, Yoichiro Iwakura, Shinji Fukuda, Wei-Yu Chen, Norifumi Kawada, Alexander Rudensky, Susumu Nakae, Eiji Hara, Naoko Ohtani
Summary: In this study, the release mechanism of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors from senescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was identified in a mouse model of obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). IL-33 release from HSCs promoted HCC development via the activation of ST2-positive T-reg cells in the liver tumor microenvironment. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of inhibitors of gasdermin D-mediated pore formation for HCC treatment.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rita Rezzani, Caterina Franco, Lorenzo Franceschetti, Marzia Giano, Gaia Favero
Summary: Intestinal enterochromaffin cells play a crucial role in gastrointestinal inflammation and hyperalgesia, as well as in regulating intestinal function and motility. They also sense metabolic and nutritional changes. Their activities can sometimes be confused with other enteroendocrine cells, making it difficult to define their functions. Understanding the role of these cells is vital for preventing and treating metabolic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hiroki Nagai, Luis Augusto Eijy Nagai, Sohei Tasaki, Ryuichiro Nakato, Daiki Umetsu, Erina Kuranaga, Masayuki Miura, Yuichiro Nakajima
Summary: Nutrient fluctuation induces dedifferentiation in Drosophila adult midgut and drives adaptive intestinal growth by converting enteroendocrine cells into functional intestinal stem cells.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ye Wang, Wing-Yu Fu, Kit Cheung, Kwok-Wang Hung, Congping Chen, Hongyan Geng, Wing-Ho Yung, Jianan Y. Qu, Amy K. Y. Fu, Nancy Y. Ip
Summary: Research has shown that blocking neuronal activity increases IL-33 expression in hippocampal astrocytes, leading to the formation of excitatory synapses. IL-33 plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostatic synaptic plasticity, and blocking IL-33 signaling impairs synaptic plasticity in pyramidal neurons and spatial memory formation in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kamilla Blecharz-Klin, Magdalena Swierczynska, Agnieszka Piechal, Adriana Wawer, Ilona Joniec-Maciejak, Justyna Pyrzanowska, Ewa Wojnar, Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak, Anna Sulima-Celinska, Daniel Mlocicki, Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of intestinal infection by the tapeworm on the behavior and functions of the central nervous system (CNS) in rats. The infection caused changes in exploratory behavior, decreased anxiety levels, and improved spatial memory and object recognition. These changes were related to alterations in neurotransmitter levels in the CNS structures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Zeve, Eric Stas, Joshua de Sousa Casal, Prabhath Mannam, Wanshu Qi, Xiaolei Yin, Sarah Dubois, Manasvi S. Shah, Erin P. Syverson, Sophie Hafner, Jeffrey M. Karp, Diana L. Carlone, Jose Ordovas-Montanes, David T. Breault
Summary: Here the authors report protocols to induce human intestinal stem cells into enteroendocrine cells producing multiple gut hormones, including SST, 5-HT, CCK and GIP, using directed differentiation with small molecules targeting FOXO1, JNK and CB1 signaling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa Perruzza, Francesco Strati, Matteo Raneri, Hai Li, Giorgio Gargari, Tanja Rezzonico-Jost, Martina Palatella, Ivo Kwee, Diego Morone, Frauke Seehusen, Paolo Sonego, Claudio Donati, Pietro Franceschi, Andrew J. Macpherson, Simone Guglielmetti, Victor Greiff, Fabio Grassi
Summary: This study demonstrates that hydrolysis of extracellular ATP by apyrase results in amplification of the SIgA repertoire, influencing the distribution of bacteria and gene expression in the intestinal epithelium in mice. Apyrase-induced SIgA improves intestinal homeostasis, attenuating barrier impairment and susceptibility to infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Jun-Kit Hu, Jina Yun, Justin Elstrott, Heinrich Jasper
Summary: The study demonstrates that enteroendocrine cells coordinate stem cell migration towards sites of injury in the Drosophila intestine by activating non-canonical Wnt signaling. This coordination is crucial for efficient tissue repair during injury.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Yu, Wenjing Yang, Anthony J. Bilotta, Xiaojing Zhao, Yingzi Cong, Yanqing Li
Summary: The study found that host-derived L-lactate can promote intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) migration by increasing mitochondrial ATP production in IEC, aiding in promoting intestinal wound healing. Additionally, administering mice with L-lactate can suppress colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium.
Article
Physiology
Ryo Kajihara, Kei Amari, Nariaki Arai, Sachiho Nagashio, Moyuru Hayashi, Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka, Maki Kaidoh, Yumiko Yokoyama, Daisuke Maejima, Yoshiko Kawai, Toshio Ohhashi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of water intake on serotonin production and release in rat jejunum. The results showed that water intake increased serotonin concentration in the portal vein, possibly leading to increased mesenteric lymph formation through the activation of 5-HT2 receptor.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ahmed Metwali, Sarah Winckler, Joseph F. Urban, Mark H. Kaplan, M. Nedim Ince, David E. Elliott
Summary: Intact but regulated T cell expression of Stat6 signaling is crucial for the regulation of pathogenic intestinal inflammation associated with helminth infection. Loss of Stat6 signaling may result in colitis that is not attenuated by helminth exposure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Hanchen Li, Ambily Abraham, David Gazzola, Yan Hu, Gillian Beamer, Kelly Flanagan, Ernesto Soto, Florentina Rus, Zeynep Mirza, Austin Draper, Sridhar Vakalapudi, Cheryl Stockman, Perry Bain, Joseph F. Urban, Gary R. Ostroff, Raffi Aroian
Summary: Gastrointestinal nematodes have a negative impact on childhood growth, cognition, nutrition, education, productivity, income, and pregnancy. The development of an anthelmintic for mass drug administration must be safe, effective, inexpensive, stable without a cold chain, and massively scalable. The Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5B (IBaCC) has been proven to be a safe, inexpensive, highly effective, easy-to-manufacture, and scalable anthelmintic for treating human GINs.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pritesh Desai, Hana Janova, James P. White, Glennys V. Reynoso, Heather D. Hickman, Megan T. Baldridge, Joseph F. Urban, Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck, Larissa B. Thackray, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: The study shows that infections with enteric helminths can increase mortality when coinfected with other pathogens, due to type 2 immune skewing. Additionally, activation of tuft cell-IL-4 receptor circuits in the gut exacerbates neurotropic virus infection and disease.
Article
Immunology
Bruce A. Rosa, Caroline Snowden, John Martin, Kerstin Fischer, Jonah Kupritz, Ethiopia Beshah, Taniawati Supali, Lincoln Gankpala, Peter U. Fischer, Joseph F. Urban, Makedonka Mitreva
Summary: This study utilized a combined 16S rRNA gene OTU analysis approach to identify bacterial taxa associated with whipworm infection in both humans and mice, revealing differences across host species and infection status. The study identified bacterial taxa of interest for future association and mechanistic studies, providing valuable insights into the interaction between whipworm infection and the host intestinal microbiome.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shumao Ye, Nirupa R. Matthan, Stefania Lamon-Fava, Gloria Solano Aguilar, Jerrold R. Turner, Maura E. Walker, Zhi Chai, Sukla Lakshman, Joseph F. Urban, Alice H. Lichtenstein
Summary: Diet quality and statin therapy have known effects on coronary artery disease (CAD) progression, but their impact on the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent sequelae for CAD are less explored. This study found that different dietary patterns significantly influenced gene expression associated with lipid metabolism, interferon signaling, and inflammation in the jejunum of Ossabaw pigs.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zuojia Chen, Jialie Luo, Jian Li, Girak Kim, Eric S. Chen, Sheng Xiao, Scott B. Snapper, Bin Bao, Dingding An, Richard S. Blumberg, Cheng-hui Lin, Sui Wang, Jiaxin Zhong, Kuai Liu, Qiyuan Li, Chuan Wu, Vijay K. Kuchroo
Summary: Foxo1 protein regulates mucus secretion by goblet cells to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Loss of Foxo1 leads to defects in autophagy and mucus secretion by goblet cells, impacting gut microbiota and causing increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ernesto R. Soto, Florentina Rus, Hanchen Li, Carli Garceau, Jeffrey Chicca, Mostafa Elfawal, David Gazzola, Martin K. Nielsen, Joseph F. Urban, Raffi V. Aroian, Gary R. Ostroff
Summary: Terpenes are natural compounds produced by plants with various biological activities, and have commercial value in multiple industries. The development of a second generation YP encapsulated terpene technology, using biodegradable pro-terpene compounds for controlled release, has shown promising results in biological activity evaluations.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joseph F. Urban, Martin K. Nielsen, David Gazzola, Yue Xie, Ethiopia Beshah, Yan Hu, Hanchen Li, Florentina Rus, Kelly Flanagan, Austin Draper, Sridhar Vakalapudi, Robert W. Li, Gary R. Ostroff, Raffi Aroian
Summary: Ascaris and Parascaris, important parasites in the family Ascarididae, are becoming increasingly drug-resistant in both veterinary and human medicine. The paraprobiotic IBaCC showed significant therapeutic potential against these parasites, providing a new approach for their treatment.
Article
Hematology
Zuojia Chen, Jialie Luo, Jian Li, Girak Kim, Andy Stewart, Yuefeng Huang, Chuan Wu
Summary: Intestinal inflammation enhances platelet activation and blood coagulation, with intestinal epithelial damage leading to elevated levels of IL-33 and promotion of platelet activation through 5-HT release. Intestinal IL-33 and peripheral IL-33 have a protective role in acute inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yikun Yao, Girak Kim, Samantha Shafer, Zuojia Chen, Satoshi Kubo, Yanlong Ji, Jialie Luo, Weiming Yang, Sebastian P. Perner, Chrysi Kanellopoulou, Ann Y. Park, Ping Jiang, Jian Li, Safa Baris, Elif Karakoc Aydiner, Deniz Ertem, Daniel J. Mulder, Neil Warner, Anne M. Griffiths, Chani Topf-Olivestone, Michal Kori, Lael Werner, Jodie Ouahed, Michael Field, Chengyu Liu, Benjamin Schwarz, Catharine M. Bosio, Sundar Ganesan, Jian Song, Henning Urlaub, Thomas Oellerich, Stacy A. Malaker, Lixin Zheng, Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Yu Zhang, Helen Matthews, Will Montgomery, Han-Yu Shih, Jiansheng Jiang, Marcus Jones, Aris Baras, Alan Shuldiner, Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui, Scott B. Snapper, Aleixo M. Muise, Dror S. Shouval, Ahmet Ozen, Kuan-Ting Pan, Chuan Wu, Michael J. Lenardo
Summary: Intestinal mucus sialylation by ST6GALNAC1 is crucial for mucus integrity and protection against bacterial degradation. ST6 mutations lead to decreased sialylation, resulting in defective mucus proteins and congenital inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment with sialylated mucin or a Foxo3 inhibitor can ameliorate the disease.
