Review
Cell Biology
Tasuku Konno, Eduardo Pinho Melo, Joseph E. Chambers, Edward Avezov
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced in cells as important signal messengers, but excess production can lead to oxidative stress. The endoplasmic reticulum is a major source of potentially pathologic ROS.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Junbin Li, Lifei Song, Weiguo Hu, Qin Zuo, Roumei Li, Min Dai, Yibo Zhou, Zhihe Qing
Summary: This study reports a reversible fluorescent probe (M-HP) for real-time imaging of H2O2-related redox imbalance. M-HP demonstrated high sensitivity and rapid response to H2O2. In living cells, M-HP showed excellent reversibility and mitochondrial targeting. The study revealed that oxidative stress is significantly suppressed after enhancing mitophagy.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Junbin Li, Lifei Song, Weiguo Hu, Qin Zuo, Roumei Li, Min Dai, Yibo Zhou, Zhihe Qing
Summary: Mitophagy is a process of degrading damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria that is closely associated with H2O2-related redox imbalance and pathological processes. A reversible fluorescent probe (M-HP) was developed for real-time imaging of H2O2-related redox imbalance. The probe showed rapid response and high sensitivity to the H2O2/GSH redox cycle, with a detection limit of 17 nM for H2O2. In living cells, M-HP demonstrated excellent reversibility and mitochondrial targeting for imaging H2O2 fluctuation. The results revealed an increase in mitochondrial H2O2 under lipopolysaccharide stimulation and a decrease in H2O2 following combined treatment with rapamycin, suggesting significant suppression of oxidative stress after enhancement of mitophagy.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kathy K. Griendling, Livia L. Camargo, Francisco J. Rios, Rheure Alves-Lopes, Augusto C. Montezano, Rhian M. Touyz
Summary: The link between oxidative stress and hypertension has been established in animal models, but remains elusive in humans. Research has expanded our understanding of reactive oxygen species and their impact on signaling pathways, with potential for developing novel antihypertensive therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregory E. Conner
Summary: The redox status of cells is crucial for cellular activities; H2O2 metabolism regulates the redox status by modifying protein cysteine oxidation; Calcium-stimulated epithelial Duox H2O2 synthesis is transient and prevents harmful changes in redox tone following continuous stimulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gunes Parlakgul, Ana Paula Arruda, Song Pang, Erika Cagampan, Nina Min, Ekin Guney, Grace Yankun Lee, Karen Inouye, Harald F. Hess, C. Shan Xu, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil
Summary: This study reveals the complex structural organization of organelles in liver tissue and highlights the significant alterations in obese mice. The functional importance of these structural changes on cellular and systemic metabolism is also demonstrated.
Article
Plant Sciences
A. Diamond, S. Barnabe, I Desgagne-Penix
Summary: This article discusses the findings regarding the cellular localization and activity of enzymes involved in vanillin biosynthesis, as well as the controversies arising from these findings. This helps to further understand the pathway of vanillin biosynthesis and emphasizes the need for additional research to resolve the debate.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jueun Jeon, Been Yoon, Anup Dey, Seok Ho Song, Yuce Li, Hyeyeon Joo, Jae Hyung Park
Summary: To enhance the immunogenicity of Doxorubicin (DOX), researchers developed a ROS-responsive self-immolative polymer (R-SIP) that efficiently destroys redox homeostasis in cancer cells. The DOX-encapsulated R-SIP (DR-SIP) induces immunogenic cell death and promotes dendritic cell maturation. In vivo studies showed that DR-SIP significantly inhibits tumor growth.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Si Xu, Haihui Liu, Chen Wang, Yu Deng, Bin Xu, Tianyao Yang, Wei Liu
Summary: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response mechanism that is induced by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins. It restores organelle homeostasis and promotes cell survival by increasing the expression of chaperone proteins, regulating protein quality control systems, and enhancing the protein degradation pathway. However, abnormal UPR can lead to cell death and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Biao Cai, Mengfei Hou, Shijun Zhang, Zhixiang Xin, Jiwei Huang, Jingxing Yang, Yueming Wang, Xingyun Cai, Shaowei Xie, Chunfu Zhang, Yiran Huang
Summary: The study utilized a phase change material to encapsulate iron oxide nanoparticles and a UPR modulator for enhanced cancer therapy. The theranostic platform showed excellent tumor-targeting properties and effective photothermal-enhanced tumor inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. By inducing ER stress and apoptosis in cancer cells through redox imbalance, the strategy offers novel directions for treating therapy-resistant cancers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olena Odnokoz, Noah Earland, Marziyeh Badinloo, Vladimir I. Klichko, Judith Benes, William C. Orr, Svetlana N. Radyuk
Summary: Aberrant immune responses and chronic inflammation can increase health risks and promote premature aging. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) play a critical role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and regulating the immune response. The activity of mitochondrial Prxs in the intestinal epithelium is important for preventing intestinal barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and premature aging.
Article
Virology
Yingyi Duan, Xinhui Wang, Kehui Sun, Yuezhi Lin, Xuefeng Wang, Kewei Chen, Guangpu Yang, Xiaojun Wang, Cheng Du
Summary: This study found that SYNJ2BP can promote the production of lentiviral Env proteins by increasing the formation of MAMs and enhance the infectivity of the virus. Additionally, MAMs can provide ATP and calcium ions to the ER, reduce ER stress, and increase the production of Env.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kazuya Ishikawa, Ryota Konno, Satoyuki Hirano, Yuta Fujii, Masayuki Fujiwara, Yoichiro Fukao, Yutaka Kodama
Summary: Plant cells alter the intracellular positions of chloroplasts to ensure efficient photosynthesis. A newly discovered protein interacts with the blue light receptor phototropin and facilitates chloroplast movement by restructuring the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network. This finding provides evidence that plant cells respond to environmental changes by controlling the movements of multiple organelles.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Lingna Xu, Liquan Wang, Chao Tong
Summary: Miga is an important protein that localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria and mediates ER-mitochondrial contacts. It regulates phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate levels and stabilizes proteins involved in autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshiyuki Matsuo
Summary: The presence of a large number of thioredoxin superfamily members indicates a complex redox-based regulation mechanism in mammalian cells. Thioredoxin-like proteins are found in the endoplasmic reticulum, with a specific family of TMX proteins residing in the ER membrane and playing crucial roles in cellular processes. Further research is needed to understand the physiological roles of TMX family proteins and how they can be targeted for drug discovery in various human diseases.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jay Jethva, Sophie Lichtenauer, Romy Schmidt-Schippers, Anja Steffen-Heins, Gernot Poschet, Markus Wirtz, Joost T. van Dongen, Juergen Eirich, Iris Finkemeier, Wolfgang Bilger, Markus Schwarzlaender, Margret Sauter
Summary: Submergence stress is a growing problem for global agriculture, and the cellular mechanisms for reoxygenation stress management are not fully understood. Our study on Arabidopsis revealed that alternative NADH dehydrogenases (NDs) play a crucial role in the management of anoxia-reoxygenation stress.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florian Grziwotz, Chun -Wei Chang, Vasilis Dakos, Egbert H. van Nes, Markus Schwarzlaender, Oliver Kamps, Martin Hessler, Isao T. Tokuda, Arndt Telschow, Chih-hao Hsieh
Summary: Critical transitions occur in various real-world systems and forecasting their occurrence is of great interest. This study introduces a powerful early warning signal called dynamical eigenvalue (DEV) that estimates the dominant eigenvalue of a system using bifurcation theory. The efficacy of the DEV approach is demonstrated in model systems with known bifurcation types and tested on various critical transitions in real-world systems.
Review
Plant Sciences
Luca Pedroletti, Anna Moseler, Andreas J. Meyer
Summary: Significant efforts have been made to examine the nature of the autonomous iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly machinery in mitochondria. The synthesis and assembly of Fe-S clusters occur in two distinct steps, but the transfer and distribution among their respective apoproteins are still not well understood. This review explores the mitochondrial assembly machinery of Arabidopsis and highlights the demand for cluster replenishment and the essential salvage pathway in plant mitochondria.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Sophie Hendrix, Avilien Dard, Andreas J. Meyer, Jean-Philippe Reichheld
Summary: As sessile organisms, plants are susceptible to climate change, especially increasing temperature variations. They have developed sophisticated signalling mechanisms to respond to these environmental constraints. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in plants under stress conditions such as high temperatures and play a key role in signalling pathways. ROS can diffuse through cells and membranes, modify cellular redox status, and modulate the functions of target proteins. This review summarizes current knowledge on the functions of ROS and oxidoreductase systems in integrating high temperature signals and activating stress responses and developmental acclimation mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Manuel Balparda, Maroua Bouzid, Maria del Pilar Martinez, Ke Zheng, Markus Schwarzlaender, Veronica G. Maurino
Summary: The flexibility of plant growth, development and stress responses is controlled by signaling cascades and genetic programs, while metabolism executes these programs through selective delivery of building blocks and energy. Photosynthetic carbon fixation is essential for plant metabolism, which is influenced by environmental fluctuations. The regulation of carbon assimilation metabolism requires versatility and rapidity to maintain efficiency. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have a significant impact on carbon assimilation metabolism, altering protein characteristics and function. The exploitation of PTMs has the potential to control metabolic flux, influence crop yields, modify metabolite composition, optimize stress tolerance, and regulate growth and developmental programs.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jose Manuel Ugalde, Henryk Straube
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jose Manuel Ugalde, Aida Maric
News Item
Plant Sciences
Stefanie Wege, Jose Manuel Ugalde
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jose Manuel Ugalde
Article
Plant Sciences
Valeria F. Lima, Francisco Bruno S. Freire, Silvio A. Candido-Sobrinho, Nicole P. Porto, David B. Medeiros, Alexander Erban, Joachim Kopka, Markus Schwaerzlander, Alisdair R. Fernie, Danilo M. Daloso
Summary: Evidence suggests that guard cells have higher rate of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc)-mediated dark CO2 assimilation than mesophyll cells. However, it is unknown which metabolic pathways are activated following dark CO2 assimilation in guard cells. Furthermore, it remains unclear how the metabolic fluxes throughout the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and associated pathways are regulated in illuminated guard cells.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madita Knieper, Andrea Viehhauser, Karl-Josef Dietz
Summary: The redox regulatory network plays a crucial role in maintaining proper levels of ROS, and the interaction between oxylipins and the redox network is essential for stress defense signaling pathways in plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonas Giese, Juergen Eirich, Dirk Walther, Youjun Zhang, Ines Lassowskat, Alisdair R. Fernie, Marlene Elsaesser, Veronica G. Maurino, Markus Schwarzlaender, Iris Finkemeier
Summary: The transition from dark to light in the diurnal cycle causes significant physiological changes in plant metabolism, which require specific modes of regulation. While the activities of key metabolic enzymes regulated by light-dependent post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been extensively studied at the protein level, a comprehensive understanding of the global dynamics of light-dependent PTMs is lacking. In this study, we investigated the changes in the metabolome and proteome in Arabidopsis rosettes in response to light in a time-dependent manner, focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation, and cysteine-based redox switches. Our findings revealed that over 1700 out of more than 24,000 detected PTM sites were altered during the transition from dark to light, with different compartments showing distinct PTM changes at different timepoints.
Letter
Plant Sciences
Philippe Fuchs, Elisenda Feixes-Prats, Paulo Arruda, Elias Feitosa-Araujo, Alisdair R. Fernie, Christopher Grefen, Sophie Lichtenauer, Nicole Linka, Ivan de Godoy Maia, Andreas J. Meyer, Soeren Schilasky, Lee J. Sweetlove, Stefanie Wege, Andreas P. M. Weber, A. Harvey Millar, Olivier Keech, Igor Florez-Sarasa, Pedro Barreto, Markus Schwarzlaender
Summary: UCP2 is localized to the Golgi, unlike its close homolog UCP1, which is abundant in the mitochondria.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jose Manuel Ugalde, Amanda A. Cardoso
Article
Plant Sciences
Lea Hembach, Philipp W. Niemeyer, Kerstin Schmitt, Jaccoline M. S. Zegers, Patricia Scholz, Dennis Brandt, Janis J. Dabisch, Oliver Valerius, Gerhard H. Braus, Markus Schwarzlaender, Jan de Vries, Stefan A. Rensing, Till Ischebeck
Summary: The establishment of moss spores is an important milestone in plant evolution. The proteomes of spores, seeds, and young seedlings show functional similarities, but also remarkable differences. There are similarities in terms of desiccation tolerance and lipid droplet proteome composition, but spores lack obvious storage proteins. The pathway for triacylglycerol degradation in moss differs from that in Arabidopsis seeds.
