Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fanhua Kang, Yuanliang Yan, Yuanhong Liu, Qiuju Liang, Zhijie Xu, Wei Zhu, Abhimanyu Thakur
Summary: Exosomes, secreted by various cells, play a crucial role in cell-cell communication and have gained attention for their cargoes, including protein, lipids, DNA, and RNA. Among these cargoes, exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown promising functional roles in cancer chemotherapeutic response by regulating gene expression. This review focuses on the important roles of exosomal circRNAs in cancer-associated signaling pathways and their potential effect on cancer therapeutic resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Shi-Cong Tao, Ji-Yan Huang, Yuan Gao, Zi-Xiang Li, Zhan-Ying Wei, Helen Dawes, Shang-Chun Guo
Summary: OA is a common age-related degenerative joint disease with disturbance of ECM balance. CircRNA3503, increased after MT-induced cell sleep, acts as a sponge of hsa-miR-181c-3p and hsa-let-7b-3p to rescue IL-1 beta effects on OA. PLEL@circRNA3503-OE-sEVs show potential as an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent OA progression.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Na Zhao, Bo Zhang, Lei Jia, Xiaoxu He, Baolong Bao
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a regulatory role in intracellular and intercellular transmission through various biological information molecules. piRNAs, a type of small regulatory RNAs in these vesicles, were isolated from skin mucus of Cynoglossus semilaevis and screened for potential biomarkers related to bacterial infections. Different piRNA profiles were compared between infected and healthy fish, with specific piRNAs identified as potential markers for disease detection and resistance breeding.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Qian Zeng, Jiaodi Cai, Hengquan Wan, Simin Zhao, Yao Tan, Chi Zhang, Shunlin Qu
Summary: piRNAs and PIWI proteins, traditionally considered to be expressed in germline cells, are now emerging as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac injury and various forms of CVD. They are associated with molecular and cellular pathways in cardiovascular disease.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Weiqiang Tang, Min Xia, Yajie Liao, Yuan Fang, Gebo Wen, Jing Zhong
Summary: Exosomes are lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles that play critical roles in cancer initiation and progression, including TNBC. Tumor-derived exosomes have been found to be involved in various key processes of cancer, such as invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. Their dysregulation has been linked to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of TNBC patients, making them a potential target for diagnosis and treatment.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bin Zeng, Ting Chen, Jun-Yi Luo, Lin Zhang, Qian-Yun Xi, Qing-Yan Jiang, Jia-Jie Sun, Yong-Liang Zhang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are crucial for intercellular communication. Milk-derived EV ncRNAs have been shown to play significant roles in biological processes and may have epigenetic regulatory effects in recipients. Further research is needed to fully understand the precise functions of milk EV ncRNAs.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fang Wei, Yan Li
Summary: Exosomes, as important messengers, play a crucial role in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. Noncoding RNAs encapsulated in exosomes have significant regulatory functions in the tumor immune microenvironment.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Artur Slomka, Miroslaw Kornek, William C. Cho
Summary: Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes or small EVs (sEVs), have been found to play a significant role in modulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents through the delivery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The mechanisms involved include translational repression of anti-oncogenes by exosomal microRNAs (miRs) and lack of translational repression of oncogenes by sponging of miRs through long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). These processes ultimately result in increased proliferation and survival of cancer cells, enhanced metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis, leading to chemotherapy failures in different types of cancer patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fereshteh Nazari-Khanamiri, Nima Abdyazdani, Reza Abbasi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Jafar Rezaie
Summary: Exosomes are membrane-bound nanoparticles that originated from eukaryotic cells and contribute to intracellular communication. Noncoding RNAs carried by exosomes play important roles in tumor angiogenesis, with some promoting tumor progression and others inhibiting angiogenesis. Understanding the roles of exosomal noncoding RNAs can aid in the development of exosome-based cancer therapies and biomarkers.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenguang Chang, Mengyang Li, Lin Song, Suo Miao, Wanpeng Yu, Jianxun Wang
Summary: This article reviews the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and noncoding RNAs in diabetes and its complications. Noncoding RNA sorting into sEVs is selective, and the function of sEVs varies according to their tissue origin. Understanding the roles of sEVs from different tissues is important for studying their molecular mechanisms and applying them as therapeutic agents for diabetes treatment.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying-Bing Zuo, Yin-Feng Zhang, Rui Zhang, Jia-Wei Tian, Xiao-Bing Lv, Rong Li, Shu-Ping Li, Meng-Die Cheng, Jing Shan, Zheng Zhao, Hui Xin
Summary: This review provides a systematic summary of the relationship between ferroptosis-associated ncRNAs and cancer progression and highlights the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in ferroptosis. It also suggests the potential of utilizing ncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yaxiong Fang, Xiaoyan Dai
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by cells, carry various components and can be found in blood and other biofluids. Extracellular non-coding RNAs, mainly encapsulated in EVs, play critical roles in cell-cell communication and human health and disease. Vascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis, caused by dysregulated vascular functions, are serious medical and public health issues.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Turner W. Seay, Zucai Suo
Summary: Liver cancer is a global health challenge and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by HCC cells play a critical role in HCC progression and metastasis by transferring oncogenic factors to surrounding cells. This review summarizes the roles of EVs and their cargos in HCC progression and metastasis, and identifies potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
Review
Cell Biology
Sina Taghvimi, Omid Vakili, Elahe Soltani Fard, Seyyed Hossein Khatami, Neda Karami, Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh, Mahsa Salehi, Babak Negahdari, Hassan Ghasemi, Ahmad Movahedpour
Summary: Lung cancer therapeutic resistance, especially chemoresistance, remains a major challenge in treating this disease. Recent studies have shown that transfer of exosomes, specifically noncoding RNAs, plays a crucial role in lung cancer chemoresistance by modulating various proteins and genes. Understanding these molecular mechanisms can help improve lung cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chao Jiang, Zhe Chen, Xiaohui Wang, Yongyuan Zhang, Xinyu Guo, Zhengwei Xu, Hao Yang, Dingjun Hao
Summary: Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal symptom that severely affects quality of life. Intervertebral disc degeneration is considered a major cause, and non-coding RNAs play crucial roles in its development. Their potential as therapeutic targets for IDD remain to be explored.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
