Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Rita Strack
Summary: The ChromExM technique allows for detailed visualization of chromatin organization and gene expression machinery in embryos.
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jianwei Miao, Margaret M. Murnane
Summary: Lorentz electron ptychography, a coherent diffractive imaging method, reveals magnetization singularities in a skyrmion lattice in FeGe and captures subtle internal structures near the skyrmion cores, boundaries, and dislocations.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Lagerqvist Alidoost, Marei Hacke, Thea Winther, Tom Sandstroem
Summary: The state of preservation of the Azzolino collection at the Swedish National Archives, which contains historically significant documents, has been investigated. The focus was on the analysis of iron gall inks and their corrosion levels. XRF spectrometry was used to characterize the writing ink and determine if the composition could be linked to authorship or geography. The results showed that elemental analysis was not effective in predicting ink deterioration, but XRF-mapping could be used to differentiate authors and provide valuable information on attribution and historical context.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aurelien Barrau, Leonard Ferdinand, Killian Martineau, Cyril Renevey
Summary: Recent studies have intensively explored the possibility of Planck-mass black holes tunneling into metastable white holes after evaporation, which are considered as a candidate for dark matter. The model is severely constrained, with potential detection paths highlighted. Furthermore, the distortion of the initial black hole mass spectrum by bouncing effects and Hawking evaporation is investigated in a more general setting.
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Ana Marta Capaz, Nicolas Renier
Summary: Unlocking the secrets of the brain requires precise tools to capture neuronal activity. Neuroscientists now have unprecedented tools to record activity with speed, precision, and fidelity. A new sensor, created through redesigning the linker peptide of GCaMP proteins, bridges the gap between calcium imaging and electrophysiology.
Review
Plant Sciences
Gina Garland, Samiran Banerjee, Anna Edlinger, Emily Miranda Oliveira, Chantal Herzog, Raphael Wittwer, Laurent Philippot, Fernando T. Maestre, Marcel G. A. van Der Heijden
Summary: In recent years, studies on ecosystem multifunctionality have increased, but there is still a lack of consistency in determining and measuring appropriate functions. Views on ecosystem functions vary depending on the field of ecology.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Diego Velazquez, Pau Rodriguez, Josep M. Gonfaus, F. Xavier Roca, Jordi Gonzalez
Summary: Supervised training of neural networks requires a large amount of annotated data but is sensitive to out-of-distribution data. Self- and semi-supervised training can reduce the amount of labeled data required but out-of-distribution generalization remains a challenge. Embedding propagation, a method that promotes smoother decision boundaries, has shown improvements in out-of-distribution performance.
JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brian T. O'Callahan, Patrick Z. El-Khoury
Summary: Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for high-resolution chemical imaging. It can track plasmon-induced/enhanced chemical reactions and provide accurate spectral assignments.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andres Anabalon, Sasha Brenner, Gaston Giribet, Luciano Montecchio
Summary: The study examines accelerated black hole horizons with and without defects, showing that these geometries exhibit an infinite set of symmetries in their near horizon region and deriving the associated conserved charges through transformations. It also considers other physical scenarios, including accelerated black holes in anti-de Sitter and binary black hole systems.
Article
Oncology
Ganesh Shenoy, James R. Connor
Summary: Iron plays an important role in human physiology but its role in the progression of glioblastoma (GBM) is not well understood. This review summarizes the existing literature on iron's role in GBM progression and patient outcomes, and investigates its effects on major cell types within the GBM microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level. Iron represents a potential target for improving patient outcomes in GBM through iron-modulating approaches using already approved iron supplements and chelators.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rupert Coy, Aritra Gupta
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate a one-to-one correspondence between dark matter physics and the seesaw parameters controlling neutrino masses in simple neutrino portal extensions of the Standard Model. We investigate the scenarios of freeze-in and relativistic freeze-out processes. The allowed regions for the neutrino portal coupling are identified, and the parameter space is further constrained by observational and theoretical considerations. Additionally, a distribution function for a doubly frozen-in particle is derived to improve the calculation of its free-streaming horizon.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Orhan Ercan
Summary: Land is crucial to social, economic, and environmental activities. The completion of a cadastre in Turkey has accelerated land-related projects and reduced costs. The investment in cadastre can be recovered within 20 years, and the revolving fund becomes a significant financial resource.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jan Sedlacek, Ondrej Babek, Tomas Matys Grygar, Zuzana Lendakova, Jan Pacina, Jiri Stojdl, Michal Hosek, Jitka Elznicova
Summary: This study aims to improve understanding of sedimentation processes and particle size distribution in dam reservoirs. By combining sonar and ground penetrating radar surveys with stratigraphic data, the sedimentation patterns in two valley-type reservoirs were analyzed. The results showed a strong correlation between sediment accumulation and reservoir morphology and management strategy.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chuangguan Ye, Hongyuan Zhu, Bo Zhang, Tao Chen
Summary: Few-shot learning (FSL) has gained rapid growth in the 2D image domain due to less labeled training data requirement and better generalization, but its application in 3D point cloud data is relatively unexplored. 3D FSL is more challenging with irregular structures, subtle inter-class differences, and high intra-class variances. This work performs systematic investigations of applying recent 2D FSL works to 3D point cloud backbone networks and proposes a new network, Point-cloud Correlation Interaction (PCIA), with novel plug-and-play components to improve feature distinction. Experimental results demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance for 3D FSL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Theivanayagam Maharajan, Gayathri Chellasamy, T. P. Ajeesh Krishna, Stanislaus Antony Ceasar, Kyusik Yun
Summary: Pollution of the environment by heavy metals (HMs) is a global issue, affecting the health of all living organisms. Human activities, such as industrialization and urbanization, are the major causes of HM release into the environment. Traditional methods to reduce HMs in polluted environments are inefficient and expensive, while phytoremediation, using hyper-accumulator plants, is a highly efficient, cost-effective, and ecofriendly alternative.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rongya Tao, Caixia Wang, Oliver Stohr, Wei Qiu, Yue Hu, Ji Miao, X. Charles Dong, Sining Leng, Margaret Stefater, Nicholas Stylopoulos, Lin Lin, Kyle D. Copps, Morris F. White
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rongya Tao, Caixia Wang, Oliver Stohr, Wei Qiu, Yue Hu, Ji Miao, X. Charlie Dong, Sining Leng, Margaret Stefater, Nicholas Stylopoulos, Lin Lin, Kyle D. Copps, Morris F. White
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaocheng Charlie Dong, Kushan Chowdhury, Menghao Huang, Hyeong Geug Kim
Summary: Fatty liver disease is a major liver disorder in modern societies, requiring comprehensive understanding of its pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms. Remarkable progress has been made in basic and translational research, but critical issues such as reliable biomarkers, molecular targets, and prevention strategies still need to be addressed. As more data are generated, integrative approaches are needed to understand the disease at various levels and investigate gene-environment interactions for personalized treatment.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhigang Fang, Hyeong-Geug Kim, Menghao Huang, Kushan Chowdhury, Ming O. Li, Suthat Liangpunsakul, X. Charlie Dong
Summary: This study demonstrates the protective role of Sesn1/2/3 in hepatic lipotoxicity-induced oxidative stress by reducing JNK phosphorylation and activity, leading to decreased lipotoxicity and oxidative stress in liver cells.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kushan Chowdhury, Menghao Huang, Hyeong-Geug Kim, X. Charlie Dong
Summary: Hepatic fibrosis is a response to liver tissue injury, and SIRT6 and HSCs play important roles in this process. This study found that SIRT6-deficient HSCs are prone to induce hepatic fibrosis, and the Hippo pathway proteins YAP and TAZ are highly activated in SIRT6-deficient HSCs. Further research revealed that SIRT6 regulates YAP and TAZ through deacetylation, thereby suppressing fibrosis-related genes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
X. Charlie Dong
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaolin Zhong, Menghao Huang, Hyeong-Geug Kim, Yang Zhang, Kushan Chowdhury, Wenjie Cai, Romil Saxena, Robert F. Schwabe, Suthat Liangpunsakul, X. Charlie Dong
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2020)
