Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rebecca J. Birch, Nicholas Burr, Venkataraman Subramanian, Jim P. Tiernan, Mark A. Hull, Paul Finan, Azmina Rose, Matthew Rutter, Roland Valori, Amy Downing, Eva J. A. Morris
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer (IBD-CRC). It found that IBD patients have a higher risk of developing CRC, are diagnosed at a younger age, and have worse outcomes compared to sporadic CRC. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind these differences and inform screening, surveillance, and treatment strategies for this high-risk group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jordan E. Axelrad, Raymond K. Cross
Summary: Patients with chronic ulcerative and Crohn's colitis have a higher risk of developing colorectal neoplasia (CRN [dysplasia and cancer]) compared to the general population. Risk factors for CRN include the extent of colitis, cumulative inflammatory burden, family history of colorectal cancer, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Best practices for preventing CRN involve controlling colonic inflammation, conducting high quality surveillance colonoscopy with or without enhanced imaging techniques, removing visible dysplasia if possible, and considering colectomy for patients with unresectable dysplasia, invisible multifocal low-grade dysplasia, or invisible high-grade dysplasia. The decision to stop dysplasia surveillance should be individualized and based on factors such as age, frailty, comorbid conditions, life expectancy, previous surveillance exam results, and risk factors for CRN.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brigida Barberio, Lesley A. Houghton, Yan Yiannakou, Edoardo Savarino, Christopher J. Black, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: The study found that among individuals self-identifying as having IBS, the diagnosis and subtype of IBS were less stable, and starting new treatments did not affect symptom stability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Istvan Fedor, Eva Zold, Zsolt Barta
Summary: The prevalence of autoimmune diseases is higher in patients with colonic involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases than in those with ileal involvement. Crohn's disease patients have a higher rate of gluten-related disorders compared to ulcerative colitis and microscopic colitis patients. Ulcerative colitis patients may have laboratory markers of autoimmunity without fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for definite autoimmune disorders.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jose Maria Huguet, Luis Ferrer-Barcelo, Patricia Suarez, Eva Sanchez, Jose David Prieto, Victor Garcia, Javier Sempere
Summary: The detection of dysplasia in IBD patients is important and chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsy remains the preferred technique. However, other techniques such as virtual chromoendoscopy are being compared due to their similar results and fewer technical difficulties. New endoscopy techniques and improved devices have the potential to revolutionize the screening and follow-up of dysplasia in IBD patients. Further research is needed to define the optimal follow-up strategy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shailja C. Shah, Steven H. Itzkowitz
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the development of neoplastic progression, resulting in dysplastic precursor lesions. Colitis-associated CRC shares molecular similarities with sporadic CRC and the microbiome and host immune system may also play a role. However, further research is needed to understand the specific molecular differences and their role in inflammation-associated cancers.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Frederikke S. Troelsen, Henrik T. Sorensen, Seth D. Crockett, Lars Pedersen, Rune Erichsen
Summary: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), postcolonoscopy colorectal cancers (PCCRC) account for 50% of cases and have distinct characteristics, while the survival rates are similar to those of colorectal cancer (dCRC) with immediate diagnosis after colonoscopy.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vivek C. Goodoory, Lesley A. Houghton, Christopher J. Black, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: In this study, individuals with Rome IV-defined IBS exhibited higher levels of anxiety, depression, or somatoform-type symptom reporting compared to other functional bowel disorders. IBS was found to be the most stable disorder among the five functional bowel disorders, with the highest likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria consistently for at least 12 months.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Sara Deleu, Lihi Godny, Valentina Petito, Pierluigi Puca, Federica Facciotti, Harry Sokol, Gianluca Ianiro, Luca Masucci, Maria Abreu, Iris Dotan, Samuel Paul Costello, Ailsa Hart, Tariq H. Iqbal, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Silvio Danese, Herbert Tilg, Fabio Cominelli, Theresa T. Pizarro, Alessandro Armuzzi, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Severine Vermeire, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: An international panel of experts has generated evidence-based guidelines for the evaluation and management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The guidelines provide specific statements and recommendations to promote FMT as a recognized strategy for the treatment of IBD.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ross J. Porter, Mark J. Arends, Antonia M. D. Churchhouse, Shahida Din
Summary: The cumulative impact of chronic inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases predisposes to the development of IBD-CRC. Inflammation can induce mutagenesis, and the molecular pathogenesis of IBD-CRC is well described, while the immunopathogenesis is less understood. The impact of novel immunosuppressive therapies on achieving deep remission in IBD-CRC remains mostly unknown.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anouk M. Wijnands, Michiel E. de Jong, Maurice W. M. D. Lutgens, Frank Hoentjen, Sjoerd G. Elias, Bas Oldenburg
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis identified 13 risk factors and 5 protective factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia in IBD patients. These findings could contribute to an improved surveillance based on CRC risk stratification in IBD.
Review
Oncology
Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari, Niloufar Targhazeh, Soheila Moein, Durdi Qujeq, Forough Alemi, Maryam Majidina, Simin Younesi, Zatollah Asemi, Bahman Yousefi
Summary: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with relapse and remission periods, and it increases the risk of colorectal cancer, especially in patients with Ulcerative colitis. The importance of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of IBD and colorectal cancer has been recognized, and they may be potential therapeutic targets.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sanjay K. Murthy, Joseph D. Feuerstein, Geoffrey C. Nguyen, Fernando S. Velayos
Summary: Improvements in disease management, endoscopic technology, and quality have significantly transformed the conceptualization and management of inflammatory bowel disease-related dysplasia over the past 20 years. A conceptual model and best practice advice have been proposed for the prevention, detection, and management of colorectal dysplasia in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. This expert review, commissioned by the American Gastroenterological Association, aims to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to its membership.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaochun Yang, Deyong Zeng, Chongyang Li, Wenchen Yu, Guilin Xie, Yingchun Zhang, Weihong Lu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition with increasing prevalence worldwide. The current conventional strategies for IBD treatment often have serious adverse effects, highlighting the need for effective and safe alternatives. Functional oligosaccharides have gained significant attention due to their safe physiological activities and therapeutic potential for IBD. This review focuses on the attenuating effects of functional oligosaccharides on IBD, highlighting their role in regulating gut flora, repairing intestinal barrier, modulating immune function, and mediating signaling pathways. Oligosaccharides show great promise as safe and functional ingredients in the health food and pharmaceutical industry.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ondrej Fabian, Lukas Bajer
Summary: Advances in diagnostics and treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel diseases have led to the establishment of new therapeutic goals. Achieving endoscopic remission is desired, but a significant proportion of patients in remission still show microscopic disease activity. Histological evaluation has shown better predictive value for clinical complications, but validated scoring indices are currently lacking.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sophie Parker, Olafur Palsson, David S. Sanders, Magnus Simren, Ami D. Sperber, Hans Tornblom, Heidi Urwin, William Whitehead, Imran Aziz
Summary: Individuals with celiac disease can experience gastrointestinal symptoms despite adhering to a gluten-free diet. This study found that half of the individuals with celiac disease who adhered to a gluten-free diet had functional gastrointestinal disorders, which was twice the rate compared to a matched control group. Furthermore, these individuals were more likely to have anxiety, depression, somatization, and reduced quality of life. Addressing gut-brain interaction disorders may improve outcomes in this specific group of patients.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anupam Rej, Michael D. E. Potter, Nicholas J. Talley, Ayesha Shah, Gerald Holtmann, David Surendran Sanders
Summary: Diet plays a crucial role in the manifestation and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, and there are potential dietary interventions for small bowel disorders. A gluten-free diet is the cornerstone of treatment for nonceliac gluten/wheat sensitivity, while elimination and elemental diets show promise in managing eosinophilic gastroenteritis, and antimicrobials are currently the established management option for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders, Christian C. Shaw, Rachel Buckle, Nick Trott, Anurag Agrawal, Imran Aziz
Summary: This randomized trial compared the efficacy of traditional dietary advice (TDA) with low FODMAP diet (LFD) and gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The results showed that while all three diets were effective, TDA was the most suitable for patients in terms of cost and convenience.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders, Imran Aziz
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders, Imran Aziz
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo A. Penny, Anupam Rej, Elisabeth M. R. Baggus, Sarah. H. Coleman, Rosalie Ward, Graeme Wild, Gerd Bouma, Nick Trott, John A. Snowden, Josh Wright, Simon S. Cross, Marios Hadjivassiliou, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study characterized the causes of non-responsive coeliac disease (NRCD) and provided contemporary mortality data in refractory coeliac disease (RCD). The study also found a high frequency of positive urine gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) in patients with RCD1, suggesting common gluten exposure in this group.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Rej, A. Avery, I Aziz, C. J. Black, R. K. Bowyer, R. L. Buckle, L. Seamark, C. C. Shaw, J. Thompson, N. Trott, M. Williams, D. S. Sanders
Summary: There is a renewed interest in using dietary therapies to manage irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with traditional dietary advice (TDA), gluten-free diet (GFD) and low FODMAP diet (LFD) being the main focus. Evidence shows that TDA is effective based on case control studies and clinical experience, while randomized controlled trials (RCT) have proven the benefits of soluble fiber in IBS. Short-term studies show the efficacy of GFD, but long-term outcomes are lacking. LFD has good evidence for short-term and long-term benefits. There is currently no evidence to suggest one diet is superior to another, but TDA is more acceptable to patients. Dietitians should assess dietary triggers and tailor interventions according to patient choice. Alternative approaches like group clinics and online webinars can improve accessibility for patients. Further research is needed to compare dietary therapies with other management strategies for IBS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Millie Newton, Emily A. Greenaway, William J. Holland, Suneil A. Raju, Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study compared the clinical presentation of potential coeliac disease (PCD) with coeliac disease (CD). The findings showed that PCD patients had fewer extraintestinal manifestations and less haematinic deficiencies compared to CD patients. It was also observed that a gluten-free diet improved symptoms in PCD patients.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hannah Lorraine-Francis, Ellen Newberry, Imran Aziz
Summary: Approximately 1 in 10 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies are performed in patients with symptoms compatible with FD and no alarm features, but these endoscopies do not provide any diagnostic yield. It is recommended to diagnose FD in these patients without the need for endoscopy.
FRONTLINE GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hussain Jaafari, Lesley A. Houghton, Robert M. West, Anurag Agrawal, Imran Aziz, Christopher J. Black, Maura Corsetti, Farag Shuweihdi, Maria Eugenicos, Peter A. Paine, Alexander C. Ford, Peter J. Whorwell, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Olafur S. Palsson, Ami D. Sperber, Dipesh H. Vasant
Summary: This study compared the prevalence of disorders of gut brain interaction (DGBI) in the UK with other countries and found that the proportion of DGBI participants was lower in the UK. The prevalence of 14 out of 22 Rome IV DGBI was similar between the UK and other countries, while some specific DGBI were more prevalent in the UK. Differences in opioid prescribing, cultural, dietary, and lifestyle factors may contribute to variations in the prevalence of DGBI between the UK and other countries.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Connor Cotton, Suneil A. Raju, Hamza Ahmed, Grace Webster, Rachel Hallam, Iain Croall, Sarah Coleman, Nick Trott, Anupam Rej, Mohamed G. Shiha, Imran Aziz, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study compared adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with coeliac disease (CD) and non-coeliac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS), and assessed its impact on quality of life and sleep. Results showed that patients with NCGWS had poorer adherence to GFD compared to CD, and this poorer adherence was associated with worse quality of life and sleep performance.