Review
Plant Sciences
Qia Wang, Steven M. Smith, Jinling Huang
Summary: Strigolactones and karrikins are hormones that affect plant growth and development. D14 and KAI2 act as receptors for these hormones and their formation is linked to horizontal gene transfer from bacteria. This discovery reveals the origin and evolution of butenolide signaling systems.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dinshaw J. Patel, You Yu, Ning Jia
Summary: Second-messenger-mediated signaling by cyclic oligonucleotides plays a significant role in immune-mediated antiviral defense. Bacteria and archaea have evolved various complexes to activate effectors for viral defense. The defense mechanism includes the abortive infection mechanism and the suppression of host immunity by phages.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Fei Teng
Summary: Credibility and ambition are crucial in international climate pledges, and the flexibility of the Paris agreements encourages countries to have both ambition and credibility.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Andrea Iacona, Samuele Iaquinto
Summary: The paper discusses the crucial distinction between truth and credibility regarding future contingents. It suggests using branching structures to define an epistemic property, credibility, closely related to knowledge and assertibility, ultimately reducible to probability. This allows for smooth handling of claims about future contingents within a single semantic framework.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Minju Kim, Adena Schachner
Summary: Dance is a universal human behavior that develops early in infancy and shows qualitative changes over the first two years. Parental influence on infant dance behavior is also evident, with implications for cognitive, emotional, social, and motor development in infants.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Kaarthik Sundar, Sidhant Misra, Russell Bent, Feng Pan
Summary: This article introduces novel formulations and algorithms for N - k interdiction problems in transmission networks, incorporating spatial and topological resource constraints to model different types of attacks. A constraint-generation algorithm is presented to solve these resource-constrained interdiction problems, and detailed case studies analyzing their behavior are provided along with comparisons to traditional N - k interdiction problems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL OF NETWORK SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Allan, Nir Oren, Jacqui Hutchison, Douglas Martin
Summary: Researchers suggest that social cognition mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating the influence of artificial intelligence. Experimental results show that, during interactions with AI, individuals tend to trust sources with higher credibility and pay more attention to the accuracy of the sources.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Benjamin Faude, Michal Parizek
Summary: This paper analyzes the impact of contested multilateralism (CM) strategy pursued by a group of states led by a major power on patterns of international cooperation. In the short run, CM reduces the gains actors can reap from cooperation, but in the long run, it can have positive effects on international cooperation. CM conveys a credible signal of resolve of a dissatisfied group of states to contest the institutional status quo in institutional adjustment bargaining.
REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
(2021)
Article
Management
Pedro M. Gardete, Liang Guo
Summary: Consumer information acquisition can increase valuation heterogeneity and undermine a firm's ability to extract consumer surplus. Higher product quality may not necessarily increase information acquisition, and could negatively impact firm profitability.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Moumita Chakraborty, Subhashis Ghosal
Summary: This study investigates the coverage of a Bayesian credible interval for a regression function under a monotonicity constraint, using a projection-posterior distribution for analysis. Sample projections onto the space of monotone increasing functions are used to obtain credible intervals for a specific point. The study also examines the phenomenon of higher coverage compared to nominal credibility levels, with a proposed recalibration method for achieving the right asymptotic coverage.
ANNALS OF STATISTICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Perri Klass
Summary: Reading Camus' The Plague, a physician finds it hard to believe why the protagonist does not prescribe sulfa drugs. She questions whether it is the questionable prescribing of a fictional character or the reader's too-literal interpretation that may amount to literary malpractice.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Changhe Song, Cheng Yang, Huimin Chen, Cunchao Tu, Zhiyuan Liu, Maosong Sun
Summary: Rumors spread quickly on online social media, and there is a need for efficient methods to automatically detect rumors. This paper proposes a novel early rumor detection model, Credible Early Detection (CED), which significantly reduces the time span for prediction with better accuracy performance than existing methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Chao Qiu, Haotian Qi, Zhicheng Liu, Xiaofei Wang, Jing Jiang, Qinghua Hu
Summary: This article discusses the methodology of edge intelligence and proposes a credible Internet of Intelligence (IoI) framework based on deep networks segmentation and aggregation, as well as blockchain. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed framework.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Chirag Rajendra Chittar, Haneul Jang, Liran Samuni, Jerome Lewis, Henkjan Honing, E. Emiel van Loon, Karline R. L. Janmaat
Summary: Music is a cultural activity present in all human societies. This study tests two hypotheses about the origins and reasons for music, namely the coalition signaling hypothesis and the predation deterrence hypothesis, and explores the role of touch in musical interaction between mothers and infants.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Jeong Eun Lee, Geoff K. Nicholls
Summary: Estimating a joint Highest Posterior Density credible set for a multivariate posterior density is challenging when the dimension is large. The study introduces density estimation trees to approximate the posterior distribution, using a consistent estimator to measure the difference between the credible set estimate and the true density samples. Experimental results demonstrate that the method is competitive with existing approaches.
STATISTICS AND COMPUTING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Courtney B. Hilton, Samuel A. Mehr
Summary: Improving generalization in psychology requires collecting more expansive data and utilizing more expansive statistical models beyond traditional lab research. Citizen science is suggested as a unique approach to scale up data collection and alleviate the generalizability crisis, despite its limitations.
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Katarzyna Pisanski, Gregory A. Bryant, Clement Cornec, Andrey Anikin, David Reby
Summary: Until recently, human nonverbal vocalisations have received little attention in the behavioral sciences. However, these vocal signals are ubiquitous in human social interactions and may bridge the gap between nonhuman animal vocalisations and human speech. Converging empirical evidence suggests that the forms of these vocal sounds in humans reflect their evolved functions. Human nonverbal vocalisations parallel the form-function mapping found in other animals, indicating a shared nonverbal vocal communication system. A form-function approach can help predict cross-species and cross-cultural universals or variations in nonverbal vocalisations. Vocal control plays an important role in human vocal production, allowing for flexible manipulation of vocalisations. Human vocalisations may pave the way for understanding the origins of speech. Parametric synthesis technologies enable researchers to create controlled vocal stimuli, advancing the field of voice sciences.
ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Gregory A. Bryant
Summary: The study of human vocal communication has been mostly focused on WEIRD societies, but there is a growing need for cross-cultural investigations to understand how universals and cultural variations interact in vocal production and perception. However, conducting cross-cultural voice research poses methodological challenges, especially in populations that are not commonly studied in Western societies, such as rural and small-scale communities.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Caroline B. Smith, Tom Rosenstrom, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: The study replicated and extended the findings of Hagen and Rosenstrom regarding the impact of grip strength on depression, with grip strength accounting for part of the gender difference, particularly showing a stronger association with symptoms like suicidality, low interest, and low mood.
EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Aaron D. Lightner, Cynthiann Heckelsmiller, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: This study reveals that religious healers in traditional societies often provide practical and specialized services to local clients, using supernatural concepts to explain the causes of rare phenomena, which are not conspicuously supernatural. People rely on medicinal services based on efficacy, religious identity, and interpersonal trust.
REVIEW OF PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Michael R. Gaffney, Kai H. Adams, Kristen L. Syme, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: Mental health professionals generally view major depression and suicidality as pathological responses to stress, while an alternative hypothesis grounded in evolutionary theory suggests that they are honest signals of need in response to adversity that can increase support. An experimental study found that depression and suicidality increased perceptions of need, reduced perceptions of manipulativeness, and increased likelihood of support compared to verbal requests and crying.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria A. Gartstein, D. Erich Seamon, Jennifer A. Mattera, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Rosalind J. Wright, Koraly Perez-Edgar, Kristin A. Buss, Vanessa LoBue, Martha Ann Bell, Sherryl H. Goodman, Susan Spieker, David J. Bridgett, Amy L. Salisbury, Megan R. Gunnar, Shanna B. Mliner, Maria Muzik, Cynthia A. Stifter, Elizabeth M. Planalp, Samuel A. Mehr, Elizabeth S. Spelke, Angela F. Lukowski, Ashley M. Groh, Diane M. Lickenbrock, Rebecca Santelli, Tina Du Rocher Schudlich, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, Catherine Thrasher, Anjolii Diaz, Carolyn Dayton, Kameron J. Moding, Evan M. Jordan
Summary: This study analyzed a large sample to examine the relationships among temperament, age, and gender in infants. The results showed that overall age group classification was more accurate than child gender models, but in the oldest age group, gender-based classification was superior, suggesting that temperament differences between boys and girls are accentuated with development.
Review
Biology
Gregory A. Bryant, Constance M. Bainbridge
Summary: There is little comparative research on the structural and functional similarity of laughter across different cultures, despite the fact that laughter is produced by speakers of all languages. This article describes existing research on the perception of laughter across cultures, conversation analysis on how laughter manifests during discourse in different languages, and computational methods for automatically detecting laughter in spoken language databases. These areas of investigation provide insights into universals and cultural variations in laughter production and perception, and offer methodological tools for future cross-cultural studies.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Christopher Cox, Christina Bergmann, Emma Fowler, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Andreas Roepstorff, Greg Bryant, Riccardo Fusaroli
Summary: This study examines the acoustic properties of infant-directed speech across different languages and cultures. The results suggest that some acoustic parameters of infant-directed speech become more similar to adult-directed speech as infants grow older, while other parameters remain stable throughout development. This research provides insights for future studies on the functions and learnability of infant-directed speech by comparing different languages and using computational models.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Courtney B. Hilton, Liam Crowley-de Thierry, Ran Yan, Alia Martin, Samuel A. Mehr
Summary: This study investigated children's ability to make inferences about the behavioral contexts of music and found that they were able to accurately infer the original behavioral contexts of music, which was highly correlated with the inferences made by adults. This suggests that the universal links between musical form and function can drive accurate inferences about the behavioral contexts of music, and extensive musical experience is not always necessary.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Edward H. Hagen
Summary: As humans diverged from primates, they evolved a terrestrial lifestyle and faced increased predation pressure from Africa's predator guild. To defend against predators, humans developed cooperative behaviors and evolved visual and auditory signals to deter them. These signals, including synchronized displays, serve to signal coalition quality and deter predators. Furthermore, these cognitive abilities were foundational for the evolution of human music and dance.
HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Aaron D. Lightner, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: The supernatural explanations in religion are byproducts of our cognitive adaptations, which may result from our tendency to generate anthropomorphic explanations or a tool for explaining complex, unobservable, and uncertain phenomena. A naive observer can improve the bias-variance trade-off by starting with a simple, underspecified explanation that appears supernatural. Knowledge specialists across cultures offer pragmatic services, including supernatural explanations, and their clients are often willing to pay for these services.
HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Nicole H. Hess, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: The study found that gossip has a significant impact on individuals' reputation, which in turn affects their willingness to transfer resources. Gossip that is relevant to the context of resource transfer has a greater influence on reputation. Furthermore, having a good reputation is associated with receiving more benefits, but there is a noticeable gender difference with women outperforming men in parenting, reputation, and benefits.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Aaron D. Lightner, Anne C. Pisor, Edward H. Hagen
Summary: Cooperative resource sharing is crucial for risk pooling and has been prevalent across cultures. Need-based sharing, which follows specific cooperative rules, helps reduce long-term costs and promotes fair allocation of resources.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Edward H. Hagen, Aaron D. Blackwell, Aaron D. Lightner, Roger J. Sullivan
Summary: The human lineage transitioned to a more carnivorous niche 2.6 million years ago, which led to increased zoonotic pathogen pressure and the evolution of a large body size and slower life history. As a response, humans intensified their self-medication strategies using medicinal plants and developed sophisticated, plant-based medical systems. The challenges of discovering effective plant-based treatments, reduced reliance on energetically-costly immune responses, and the ability to consume more energy-rich animal foods helped select for increased cognitive abilities in humans.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2023)
