Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lianghui Zhan, Jingru Zheng, Jianbiao Meng, Danting Fu, Lisha Pang, Chunlian Ji
Summary: This study found that TLR4 deficiency can reduce inflammatory responses and apoptosis, improve intestinal damage, regulate intestinal flora, and alleviate LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodoros Androutsakos, Athanasios-Dimitrios Bakasis, Abraham Pouliakis, Maria Gazouli, Christos Vallilas, Gregorios Hatzis
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of two common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Toll-like receptor-4 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that TLR4 SNPs had no correlation with the occurrence or death of HCC, except for a shorter duration between HCC development and death in patients with TLR4 mutations. However, patients with TLR4 SNPs that developed HCC had lower survival rates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ioanna Tsioti, Beatrice L. Steiner, Pascal Escher, Martin S. Zinkernagel, Peter M. Benz, Despina Kokona
Summary: Clustering of microglia around the vasculature was observed after systemic administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the retina and brain of mice. This study investigated the effect of systemic LPS in the pigmented mouse retina and the involvement of endothelial TLR4 in LPS-induced retinal microglia activation. The results showed that activation of microglia, infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages, impaired ribbon synapse organization, and retinal dysfunction were observed after LPS exposure, and these effects were dependent on endothelial TLR4.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruonan Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, Jie Zhang, Yanjun Li, Yuan Wang, Yuhang Song, Feifei Ren, Huiyu Yi, Xiaojuan Deng, Yangjin Zhong, Yang Cao, Michael R. Strand, Xiao-Qiang Yu, Wanying Yang
Summary: Toll/Toll-like receptors play different roles in mammals and insects, with insects primarily activating the Toll pathway through binding Spatzle cytokines rather than directly recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fang Li, Haoran Ke, Siqi Wang, Wei Mao, Cexiong Fu, Xi Chen, Qingqing Fu, Xiaori Qin, Yonghua Huang, Bidan Li, Shibing Li, Jingying Xing, Minhui Wang, Wenlin Deng
Summary: Leaky gut could be a trigger for the development of autism by activating the lipopolysaccharide-mediated TLR4-MyD88-NF-kappa B pathway. Disrupting and repairing the intestinal barrier improved the behavior of autistic mice and reduced inflammation.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wei Zhang, Eun-Koung An, Juyoung Hwang, Jun-O Jin
Summary: The study found that LPS can directly stimulate pDCs via the TLR4/MD2 pathway and promote the activation of pDCs and cDCs. cDCs may contribute to the enhancement of IFN-alpha production in pDCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Geoffrey Y. Sasaki, Jinhui Li, Morgan J. Cichon, Rachel E. Kopec, Richard S. Bruno
Summary: The study shows that catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) limits inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent mechanism. GTE supplementation during NASH shifts the hepatic metabolome similarly to the loss-of-TLR4 signaling. However, the effects of GTE on hepatic metabolism are distinct from those of loss-of-TLR4 signaling, suggesting different mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory activities of GTE and loss-of-TLR4 signaling in abrogating NASH.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wan Xie, Yang Xue, Xiaokun Song, Hongzhu Zhang, Guangjun Chang, Xiangzhen Shen
Summary: This study found that LPS activates TLR4 and inhibits FOXA2 expression, leading to NF-kappa B-mediated inflammation, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. Inhibiting TLR4 and increasing FOXA2 expression can alleviate LPS-induced inflammation, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis, maintaining cellular homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fong-Jhih Lin, Shao-Jung Li, Yen-Yu Lu, Wen-Shiann Wu, Yao-Chang Chen, Shih-Ann Chen, Yi-Jen Chen
Summary: Pericarditis induced by lipopolysaccharide activates TLR4 signaling, leading to atrial arrhythmogenesis. Targeting pericardium via TLR4 signaling may be a novel therapeutic strategy for atrial fibrillation.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Danieli F. Buccini, Beatriz C. Roriz, Julia M. Rodrigues, Octavio L. Franco
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides are important molecules in the organism's defense system. They can modulate the immune system and recognize molecules present in pathogens. Overstimulation of TLR4 can lead to uncontrolled inflammatory responses, which can be counteracted by antimicrobial peptides.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piumi B. Wickramasinghe, Shuwen Qian, Lyndsey E. Langley, Chen Liu, Lin Jia
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that alcohol overconsumption is associated with insulin resistance, and this study investigated the role of hepatocyte toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in alcohol-induced insulin resistance. The findings indicate that hepatocyte TLR4 is both required and sufficient for the development of insulin resistance caused by alcohol overconsumption.
Article
Immunology
Hiroshi Saito, Yuya Nakamura, Masahiro Inagaki, Shiho Yamadera, Hideo Misawa, Naoki Sato, Tatsunori Oguchi, Takae Inagaki, Yuya Tsuji, Mayumi Tsuji, Isao Ohsawa, Hiromichi Gotoh, Yuji Kiuchi
Summary: The study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of linagliptin in TLR4- and LBP-independent pathways, showing that linagliptin can suppress LPS-induced inflammation in a concentration-dependent manner.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Atefe Ghamar Talepoor, Banafsheh Rastegari, Mehdi Kalani, Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
Summary: The study found that Eritoran has an inhibitory effect on the production of cytokines induced by LPS, with a more significant effect on the inflammatory responses of PBMCs from patients with atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natticha Sumneang, Pongpan Tanajak, Thura Tun Oo
Summary: Doxorubicin (Dox) is commonly used chemotherapeutic drug, but its cardiotoxicity reduces its therapeutic efficacy. Dox-induced cardiac inflammation is considered as one of the underlying mechanisms involved in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Understanding the role of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in Dox-induced cardiac inflammation might be beneficial for developing potential therapeutic strategies.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jie Zi, Fang Wang, Zebin Liu, Yunxia Wang, Liying Qiu, Guosheng Zhu, Henghua Li
Summary: This study aimed to determine the mechanism through which the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) influences the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response, a condition that is associated with premature rupture of membranes (PROM). The results showed that suppressing TLR4 expression can mitigate inflammatory responses, thereby reducing the likelihood of premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy.
DISCOVERY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Koh Kitagawa, Akira Mitoro, Ryuki Minami, Shinsaku Nagamatsu, Takahiro Ozutsumi, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Norihisa Nishimura, Yasuhiko Sawada, Tadashi Namisaki, Takemi Akahane, Kosuke Kaji, Fumimasa Tomooka, Shohei Asada, Miki Kaneko, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of EUS-HGS using dedicated plastic stents, and found that this approach can be safely performed even in the initial phase of introduction, with high success rate and low risk of adverse events.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Koh Kitagawa, Akira Mitoro, Fumimasa Tomooka, Shohei Asada, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Norihisa Nishimura, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Koh Kitagawa, Masayuki Sho, Hitoshi Yoshiji
DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: This article describes a stepwise treatment approach for managing ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis. The approach is based on the Japanese clinical practice guidelines and includes sodium restriction, albumin treatment, diuretic treatment, and other options such as tolvaptan and large volume paracentesis. Adopting this treatment approach may improve patient outcomes.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Akihiko Shibamoto, Tadashi Namisaki, Junya Suzuki, Takahiro Kubo, Satoshi Iwai, Fumimasa Tomooka, Soichi Takeda, Yuki Fujimoto, Masahide Enomoto, Koji Murata, Takashi Inoue, Yuki Tsuji, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Norihisa Nishimura, Koh Kitagawa, Hiroaki Takaya, Kosuke Kaji, Hideto Kawaratani, Takemi Akahane, Akira Mitoro, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: This study aimed to identify a surrogate marker of sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis. The results revealed that hemoglobin levels were positively correlated with sarcopenia and had higher predictive accuracy compared to other indicators. Therefore, hemoglobin levels may serve as a promising biomarker for sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Fumimasa Tomooka, Kosuke Kaji, Norihisa Nishimura, Takahiro Kubo, Satoshi Iwai, Akihiko Shibamoto, Junya Suzuki, Koh Kitagawa, Tadashi Namisaki, Takemi Akahane, Akira Mitoro, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: In this study, the effects of the combination of SFN and GEM on human iCCA cell growth were assessed. The results showed that SFN inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed angiogenesis and EMT in iCCA cells. Combination therapy with SFN and GEM had better therapeutic effects than single agent treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satoshi Iwai, Kosuke Kaji, Norihisa Nishimura, Takahiro Kubo, Fumimasa Tomooka, Akihiko Shibamoto, Junya Suzuki, Yuki Tsuji, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Koh Kitagawa, Tadashi Namisaki, Takemi Akahane, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: A recent study has found that the GLP-1RA medication semaglutide has therapeutic effects on skeletal muscle atrophy in type 2 diabetes patients. The experiment showed that semaglutide effectively inhibits muscle atrophy, improves grip strength, and prevents muscle protein degradation and promotes myogenesis. Mechanistically, semaglutide protects against hepatic injury, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, activates metabolic processes, and directly stimulates GLP-1R in myocytes.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shohei Asada, Koh Kitagawa, Hitoshi Yoshiji
DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hitoshi Yoshiji, Junto Suzuki, Masafumi Imasaki, Eri Tsukimura, Makiko Miyano, Masayuki Kurosaki
Summary: This post-marketing surveillance study in Japan confirms the safety and effectiveness of Lustrombopag for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver diseases undergoing planned invasive procedures. The majority of patients avoided preoperative platelet transfusion and met the criteria for treatment response.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hideki Fujii, Yuichiro Suzuki, Koji Sawada, Miwa Tatsuta, Tatsuji Maeshiro, Hiroshi Tobita, Tsubasa Tsutsumi, Takemi Akahane, Chitomi Hasebe, Miwa Kawanaka, Takaomi Kessoku, Yuichiro Eguchi, Hayashi Syokita, Atsushi Nakajima, Tomoari Kamada, Hitoshi Yoshiji, Takumi Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Sakugawa, Asahiro Morishita, Tsutomu Masaki, Takumi Ohmura, Toshio Watanabe, Norifumi Kawada, Yoshioki Yoda, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Masafumi Ono, Kanako Fuyama, Kazufumi Okada, Naoki Nishimoto, Yoichi M. Ito, Yoshihiro Kamada, Hirokazu Takahashi, Yoshio Sumida
Summary: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Japan is approximately one-quarter of the general population, with higher rates among men than women. Regardless of obesity, there is a linear relationship between NAFLD prevalence and body mass index, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Some patients with fatty liver also have diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The prevalence of NAFLD with advanced fibrosis is estimated to be 1%-2%.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hiroaki Takaya, Shunichi Ueyama, Yui Osaki, Kosuke Kaji, Hideto Kawaratani, Ko Saito, Shigeyuki Aizawa, Tadashi Namisaki, Chie Morioka, Motoyuki Yoshida, Takemi Akahane, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: Patients with NAFLD infected with SARS-CoV-2 had higher COVID-19 severity compared to those without NAFLD. Liver fibrosis scores, particularly APRI, were found to be associated with COVID-19 severity and hospitalization duration in NAFLD patients. APRI can be a useful tool for predicting COVID-19 outcomes in NAFLD patients.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Misako Tanaka, Takemi Akahane, Hideto Kawaratani, Nobuyuki Yorioka, Aritoshi Koizumi, Shohei Asada, Takuya Matsuda, Satoshi Iwai, Yuki Tsuji, Yukihisa Fujinaga, Norihisa Nishimura, Koh Kitagawa, Kosuke Kaji, Tadashi Namisaki, Hitoshi Yoshiji
Summary: This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of entecavir and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate on renal function in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B in Japan. The findings suggest that the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate after treatment is significantly greater in patients aged 65 years and older compared to those younger than 65 years.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)