Pharmacotherapy in COVID-19 patients: a review of ACE2-raising drugs and their clinical safety

Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 in Wuhan, China

(2020) Jin-jin Zhang et al.   ALLERGY

Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China

(2020) Zunyou Wu et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

(2020) Wei-jie Guan et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2

(2020) Renhong Yan et al.   SCIENCE

High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa

(2020) Hao Xu et al.   International Journal of Oral Science

Preventing a covid-19 pandemic

(2020) John Watkins   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Cardiovascular Disease and Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19

(2020) Chia Siang Kow et al.   American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Engineered Human Tissues Using Clinical-Grade Soluble Human ACE2

(2020) Vanessa Monteil et al.   CELL

Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers with Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19

(2020) Peng Zhang et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System

(2020) Mahmoud Gheblawi et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Is There an Association Between COVID-19 Mortality and the Renin-Angiotensin System? A Call for Epidemiologic Investigations

(2020) Thomas C Hanff et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Outcomes in Patients With Hyperglycemia Affected by Covid-19: Can We Do More on Glycemic Control?

(2020) Celestino Sardu et al.   DIABETES CARE

Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19

(2020) Weina Guo et al.   DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS

Plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: novel biomarker in heart failure with implications for COVID-19

(2020) Gavin Y Oudit et al.   EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL

Treatment with inhaled formulation of angiotensin-(1-7) reverses inflammation and pulmonary remodeling in a model of chronic asthma

(2020) Giselle Santos Magalhães et al.   IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Nasal Gene Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Children and Adults

(2020) Supinda Bunyavanich et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

(2020) Ankit B. Patel et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 ( ACE2 ), SARS‐CoV ‐2 and pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID ‐19)

(2020) Arno R. Bourgonje et al.   JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19

(2020) Zsuzsanna Varga et al.   LANCET

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

(2020) Fei Zhou et al.   LANCET

Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and Mortality in Covid-19

(2020) Mandeep R. Mehra et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with Covid-19

(2020) Muthiah Vaduganathan et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19): Do Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Have a Biphasic Effect?

(2020) Rami Sommerstein et al.   Journal of the American Heart Association

Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaomin Wu et al.   JAMA Internal Medicine

Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

(2020) Tao Guo et al.   JAMA Cardiology

Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors With Severity or Risk of Death in Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection in Wuhan, China

(2020) Juyi Li et al.   JAMA Cardiology

Statin therapy in COVID-19 infection

(2020) Vincenzo Castiglione et al.   European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy

Long-term ACE Inhibitor/ARB Use Is Associated With Severe Renal Dysfunction and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Severe COVID-19: Results From a Referral Center Cohort in the Northeast of France

(2020) Abderrahim Oussalah et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Increasing host cellular receptor—angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 expression by coronavirus may facilitate 2019‐nCoV (or SARS‐CoV‐2) infection

(2020) Meng‐Wei Zhuang et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY

The Effects of ARBs, ACEis, and Statins on Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection Among Nursing Home Residents

(2020) Anton De Spiegeleer et al.   Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

ACEI/ARB use and risk of infection or severity or mortality of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

(2020) Xue Zhang et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

SARS-CoV-2 disease severity and diabetes: why the connection and what is to be done?

(2020) Caio Henrique Mazucanti et al.   Immunity & Ageing

Rosiglitazone, a Ligand to PPARγ, Improves Blood Pressure and Vascular Function through Renin-Angiotensin System Regulation

(2019) María Sánchez-Aguilar et al.   PPAR Research

Function and mechanisms of enteroendocrine cells and gut hormones in metabolism

(2019) Fiona M. Gribble et al.   Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Ang-(1-7) treatment attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced early pulmonary fibrosis

(2019) Yongmei Cao et al.   LABORATORY INVESTIGATION

ACE2 exhibits protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the LPS-TLR4 pathway

(2019) Rensong Ye et al.   EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY

The Divergent Cardiovascular Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers in Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

(2018) Martin H. Strauss et al.   Canadian Journal of Diabetes

Role of Wnt4/β-catenin, Ang II/TGFβ, ACE2, NF-κB, and IL-18 in attenuating renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in rats treated with Vit D and pioglitazone

(2018) Rabab M. Ali et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Liraglutide Enhances the Activity of the ACE-2/Ang(1–7)/Mas Receptor Pathway in Lungs of Male Pups from Food-Restricted Mothers and Prevents the Reduction of SP-A

(2018) J. Fandiño et al.   International Journal of Endocrinology

Protective regulation of the ACE2/ACE gene expression by estrogen in human atrial tissue from elderly men

(2017) A Bukowska et al.   EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Angiotensin-(1-7) Downregulates Diabetes-Induced cGMP Phosphodiesterase Activation in Rat Corpus Cavernosum

(2017) Gursev S. Dhaunsi et al.   Biomed Research International

Enteroendocrine Cells: Chemosensors in the Intestinal Epithelium

(2016) Fiona M. Gribble et al.   Annual Review of Physiology

Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Dependent GLP-1 and PYY Secretion in Mice and Humans

(2016) Ramona Pais et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

The effect of fluvastatin on cardiac fibrosis and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 expression in glucose-controlled diabetic rat hearts

(2016) Young Hee Shin et al.   HEART AND VESSELS

The effects of different angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on the regulation of the ACE-AngII-AT1 and ACE2-Ang(1–7)-Mas axes in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in male mice

(2016) Xingxu Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY

Emerging Frontiers in Drug Delivery

(2016) Mark W. Tibbitt et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Calcitriol regulates angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin converting-enzyme 2 in diabetic kidney disease

(2016) Mei Lin et al.   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus

(2016) Hongjing Gu et al.   Scientific Reports

Tissue specific up regulation of ACE2 in rabbit model of atherosclerosis by atorvastatin: Role of epigenetic histone modifications

(2015) Kulbhushan Tikoo et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Ibuprofen Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

(2015) Weili Qiao et al.   CARDIOLOGY

Activation of the GLP-1 Receptor by Liraglutide Increases ACE2 Expression, Reversing Right Ventricle Hypertrophy, and Improving the Production of SP-A and SP-B in the Lungs of Type 1 Diabetes Rats

(2015) Marina Romaní-Pérez et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Effect of Insulin on ACE2 Activity and Kidney Function in the Non-Obese Diabetic Mouse

(2014) Marta Riera et al.   PLoS One

Co-localisation and secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY from primary cultured human L cells

(2013) A. M. Habib et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Rosiglitazone Treatment of Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice Attenuates Urinary Albumin and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Excretion

(2013) Harshita Chodavarapu et al.   PLoS One

Overlap of Endocrine Hormone Expression in the Mouse Intestine Revealed by Transcriptional Profiling and Flow Cytometry

(2012) Abdella M. Habib et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Replication-dependent downregulation of cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein expression by human coronavirus NL63

(2012) R. Dijkman et al.   JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY

Nebivolol reduces cardiac angiotensin II, associated oxidative stress and fibrosis but not arterial pressure in salt-loaded spontaneously hypertensive rats

(2012) Jasmina Varagic et al.   JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION

Long-term systemic angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade regulates mRNA expression of dorsomedial medulla renin-angiotensin system components

(2011) Shea Gilliam-Davis et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS

Simvastatin Decreases Lipopolysaccharide-induced Pulmonary Inflammation in Healthy Volunteers

(2009) Murali Shyamsundar et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

Injections of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor MLN4760 into nucleus tractus solitarii reduce baroreceptor reflex sensitivity for heart rate control in rats

(2008) Debra I. Diz et al.   EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

Differential effect of low-dose thiazides on the renin angiotensin system in genetically hypertensive and normotensive rats

(2008) Jewell A. Jessup et al.   Journal of the American Society of Hypertension