Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luca Liberale, Fabrizio Montecucco, Lena Schwarz, Thomas F. Luscher, Giovanni G. Camici
Summary: Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) and Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT) were the first two randomized clinical trials to demonstrate the effectiveness of specific anti-inflammatory treatments in cardiovascular prevention, confirming the involvement of specific inflammatory pathways in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Other trials targeting multiple inflammasome-independent pathways failed to show benefit, highlighting the significance of balancing the risk of impaired host defense and infections with the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with residual inflammatory risk.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Gabrielle J. Pennings, Caroline J. Reddel, Mathew Traini, Magdalena Lam, Maaike Kockx, Vivien M. Chen, Leonard Kritharides
Summary: Platelets are capable of rapidly releasing IL-1 beta as an inflammatory mediator in response to specific agonists, independent of NLRP3 and caspase-1. This rapid release occurs in minutes following exposure to ADP and thrombin receptor agonists. Immature and mature IL-1 beta proteins were found in low abundance within human platelets and localized to various parts of the platelet structure.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Na Lu, Weijia Cheng, Dongling Liu, Gang Liu, Can Cui, Chaoli Feng, Xianwei Wang
Summary: NLRP3 inflammasome is a crucial part of the body's immune system, and its overactivation has been linked to inflammatory responses and atherosclerosis. Therefore, finding specific inhibitors for NLRP3 inflammasome has become a potential target for clinical treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yuhua Shi, Qian Lv, Mengjie Zheng, Hongxiang Sun, Fushan Shi
Summary: INF39 is a specific inhibitor for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, without affecting other inflammasomes. It exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the interaction of NEK7-NLRP3 and other downstream events.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammad Bagherniya, Hamed Khedmatgozar, Omid Fakheran, Suowen Xu, Thomas P. Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that is activated by a wide range of danger signals resulting from metabolic dysregulation. Nutraceuticals and medicinal plants have antiinflammatory properties and can be used as complementary therapy in chronic diseases related to inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Herb-based medicine has shown protective effects against NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Tadayoshi Karasawa, Takanori Komada, Naoya Yamada, Emi Aizawa, Yoshiko Mizushina, Sachiko Watanabe, Chintogtokh Baatarjav, Takayoshi Matsumura, Masafumi Takahashi
Summary: CAPS is an autoinflammatory syndrome caused by mutations of the NLRP3 gene, and mutated NLRP3 can form cryo-sensitive aggregates to promote inflammasome assembly, with IL-1β release influenced by mutated NLRP3 and Ca2+ playing a crucial role in inflammasome assembly.
Review
Cell Biology
Bo-Zong Shao, Hai-Yan Xu, Yi-Cheng Zhao, Xiao-Rui Zheng, Fang Wang, Guan-Ren Zhao
Summary: This review provides insights into the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis (AS), as well as the biological features of the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. It discusses the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in AS and its possible mechanisms, and describes various agents with anti-atherosclerotic effects that target the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yidan Zheng, Li Xu, Nianguo Dong, Fei Li
Summary: Inflammasome, particularly NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Its significance in cardiovascular diseases-related inflammation has been extensively explored and it may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Gang Ma, Ping Sun, Yi Chen, Xin Jiang, Caixia Zhang, Baofu Qu, Xiangkun Meng
Summary: This study investigated the association of serum NLRP3 level with perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) and found that high serum NLRP3 protein levels were associated with a higher risk of PND occurring after cardiac surgery.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefan J. Schunk, Marcus E. Kleber, Winfried Maerz, Shichao Pang, Stephen Zewinger, Sarah Triem, Philipp Ege, Matthias C. Reichert, Marcin Krawczyk, Susanne N. Weber, Isabella Jaumann, David Schmit, Tamim Sarakpi, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Rafael Kramann, Eric Boerwinkle, Christie M. Ballantyne, Megan L. Grove, Vinicius Tragante, Anna P. Pilbrow, A. Mark Richards, Vicky A. Cameron, Robert N. Doughty, Marie-Pierre Dube, Jean-Claude Tardif, Yassamin Feroz-Zada, Maxine Sun, Chang Liu, Yi-An Ko, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Jaana A. Hartiala, W. H. Wilson Tang, Stanley L. Hazen, Hooman Allayee, Caitrin W. McDonough, Yan Gong, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff, Julie A. Johnson, Markus Scholz, Andrej Teren, Ralph Burkhardt, Andreas Martinsson, J. Gustav Smith, Lars Wallentin, Stefan K. James, Niclas Eriksson, Harvey White, Claes Held, Dawn Waterworth, Stella Trompet, J. Wouter Jukema, Ian Ford, David J. Stott, Naveed Sattar, Sharon Cresci, John A. Spertus, Hannah Campbell, Sascha Tierling, Joern Walter, Emmanuel Ampofo, Barbara A. Niemeyer, Peter Lipp, Heribert Schunkert, Michael Boehm, Wolfgang Koenig, Danilo Fliser, Ulrich Laufs, Thimoteus Speer
Summary: The NLRP3 intronic variant rs10754555 is associated with increased systemic inflammation, inflammasome activation, prevalent coronary artery disease, and mortality. This study provides evidence for a substantial role of genetically driven systemic inflammation in CVD and highlights the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ting-Yi Lin, Meng-Chun Tsai, Wei Tu, Hsin-Chih Yeh, Shu-Chi Wang, Shu-Pin Huang, Chia-Yang Li
Summary: The role of inflammasomes in cancer biology is not well understood, but research on NLRP3 could provide opportunities for discovering new therapeutic targets to prevent tumor expansion and achieve metastatic control.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ge Zhang, He Chen, Yifan Guo, Wei Zhang, Qiuyu Jiang, Si Zhang, Liping Han, She Chen, Ruyi Xue
Summary: This study found that assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome in platelets is increased in CD patients and associated with platelet hyperactivity. Elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were observed in platelets from patients with active CD, along with increased exposure of P-selectin and fibrinogen binding.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefan J. Schunk, Marcus E. Kleber, Winfried Maerz, Shichao Pang, Stephen Zewinger, Sarah Triem, Philipp Ege, Matthias C. Reichert, Marcin Krawczyk, Susanne N. Weber, Isabella Jaumann, David Schmit, Tamim Sarakpi, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Rafael Kramann, Eric Boerwinkle, Christie M. Ballantyne, Megan L. Grove, Vinicius Tragante, Anna P. Pilbrow, A. Mark Richards, Vicky A. Cameron, Robert N. Doughty, Marie-Pierre Dube, Jean-Claude Tardif, Yassamin Feroz-Zada, Maxine Sun, Chang Liu, Yi-An Ko, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Jaana A. Hartiala, W. H. Wilson Tang, Stanley L. Hazen, Hooman Allayee, Caitrin W. McDonough, Yan Gong, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff, Julie A. Johnson, Markus Scholz, Andrej Teren, Ralph Burkhardt, Andreas Martinsson, J. Gustav Smith, Lars Wallentin, Stefan K. James, Niclas Eriksson, Harvey White, Claes Held, Dawn Waterworth, Stella Trompet, J. Wouter Jukema, Ian Ford, David J. Stott, Naveed Sattar, Sharon Cresci, John A. Spertus, Hannah Campbell, Sascha Tierling, Jorn Walter, Emmanuel Ampofo, Barbara A. Niemeyer, Peter Lipp, Heribert Schunkert, Michael Boehm, Wolfgang Koenig, Danilo Fliser, Ulrich Laufs, Thimoteus Speer
Summary: The NLRP3 intronic variant rs10754555 is associated with increased systemic inflammation, inflammasome activation, prevalent coronary artery disease, and mortality, highlighting the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Chunteng Jiang, Santuan Xie, Guang Yang, Ningning Wang
Summary: Inflammation is a complex biological response to harmful stimuli in body tissues, with the NLRP3 inflammasome playing a crucial role in atherosclerosis by triggering cell membrane pore formation, cell death, and the release of pro-inflammatory factors.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sohaib Nizami, Kanisa Arunasalam, Jack Green, James Cook, Catherine B. Lawrence, Tryfon Zarganes-Tzitzikas, John B. Davis, Elena Di Daniel, David Brough
Summary: Research findings indicate that HSP90 inhibitor EC144 effectively suppresses inflammatory processes, including the activation of NLRP3, secretion of IL-1β and IL-6. The alpha isoform of HSP90 plays a crucial role in inflammatory signaling.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hammad Ullah, Eduardo Sommella, Cristina Santarcangelo, Danilo D'Avino, Antonietta Rossi, Marco Dacrema, Alessandro Di Minno, Giacomo Di Matteo, Luisa Mannina, Pietro Campiglia, Paolo Magni, Maria Daglia
Summary: This study chemically characterized the extract of P. domestica subsp. syriaca fruit and evaluated its inhibitory activity against metabolic enzymes and production of proinflammatory mediators. The results showed that the fruit extract can inhibit enzyme activities and reduce the production of proinflammatory mediators, suggesting a potential role in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiara Macchi, Maria Francesca Greco, Nicola Ferri, Paolo Magni, Anna Arnoldi, Alberto Corsini, Cesare R. Sirtori, Massimiliano Ruscica, Carmen Lammi
Summary: The YVVNPDNNEN peptide positively affects the gene expression and transcriptional activity of PCSK9, reducing the expression and secretion of PCSK9 protein, while the effect of YVVNPDNDEN peptide is not significant. Both peptides do not inhibit the PCSK9-LDLR interaction.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Manuela Casula, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Paolo Magni
Summary: The focus on nutraceutical products in international guidelines for the management of cardio-metabolic diseases is limited. Some guidelines mention their potential usefulness for mild dyslipidaemia, but evidence for their effects on hard endpoints is lacking. For obesity and type 2 diabetes, no safe and effective nutraceutical products are currently available.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
H. E. Shahrour, S. Al Fahom, G. Al-Massarani, A. R. AlSaadi, P. Magni
Summary: This study found a significant association between EPC OC + count and the severity of CAD in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Plasma levels of TOC and ucOC were inversely correlated with the number of cardiovascular risk factors. This suggests that OC may be developed as an additional cardiovascular risk biomarker.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marina Vasyutina, Asiiat Alieva, Olga Reutova, Victoria Bakaleiko, Lada Murashova, Vyacheslav Dyachuk, Alberico L. Catapano, Andrea Baragetti, Paolo Magni
Summary: Dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis have significant impacts on cardiovascular health. The zebrafish model, with its similarities to human lipid metabolism, offers a valuable tool for studying these conditions. It can help uncover the effects of exposome factors and genetic features on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, and contribute to the development of novel treatments.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elisa Mattavelli, Elena Olmastroni, Daniela Bonofiglio, Alberico L. Catapano, Andrea Baragetti, Paolo Magni
Summary: The Mediterranean diet is a comprehensive lifestyle that promotes health and reduces the prevalence of chronic diseases. Its implementation is influenced by sociocultural and geographical factors, as well as personal food preferences and nutrition habits.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Achille Parfait Nwakiban Atchan, Shilpa Talkad Shivashankara, Stefano Piazza, Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue, Giangiacomo Beretta, Mario Dell'Agli, Paolo Magni, Gabriel Agbor Agbor, Jules-Roger Kuiate, Uma Venkateswaran Manjappara
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a complex condition associated with various pathologies and is closely linked to NAFLD, with increasing prevalence worldwide. Lifestyle modifications and traditional medicines can be effective in managing these conditions.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Miron Sopic, Georgios Kararigas, Yvan Devaux, Paolo Magni
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Paolo Magni
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability across the globe. The interaction between sex/gender and age has been proven to have a significant impact on the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of atherosclerosis. To address the gaps in knowledge in this area, more research involving women as participants in clinical studies is necessary. Age-related discrimination, or ageism, must also be addressed to ensure equal access to healthcare for older individuals of both genders. Diagnostic and prevention protocols for managing cardiovascular diseases should be improved based on these factors, alongside innovative biomedical and communication strategies.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elisa Mattavelli, Elena Olmastroni, Manuela Casula, Liliana Grigore, Fabio Pellegatta, Andrea Baragetti, Paolo Magni, Alberico L. Catapano
Summary: Recent epidemiological studies have shown a decrease in adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate changes in individual determinants of MedDiet adherence over time. The study reveals an overall decrease in MedDiet adherence, highlighting the need for better dietary interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Achille Parfait Nwakiban Atchan, Orissa Charlene Monthe, Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue, Yeshvanthi Singh, Shilpa Talkad Shivashankara, Moorthy Karthika Selvi, Gabriel Agbor Agbor, Paolo Magni, Stefano Piazza, Uma Venkateswaran Manjappara, Jules-Roger Kuiate, Mario Dell'Agli
Summary: This study characterized four Cameroonian spice extracts and investigated their antioxidant and synergistic anti-inflammatory activities in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The extracts showed high amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds with antioxidant properties, and their combination exerted synergistic effects on inflammatory markers in gastric epithelial cells.
Review
Microbiology
Riccardo Mattia Ricciardi, Alessia Cipollone, Damiano D'Ardes, Davide Di Giacomo, Pamela Pignatelli, Francesco Cipollone, Maria Cristina Curia, Paolo Magni, Marco Bucci
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are currently the leading cause of morbidity, disability and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have focused on the alterations of the gut and oral microbiota and their possible role in the development and progression of CVD. It has been found that chronic periodontal infection can induce endothelial dysfunction, a major feature of CVD, through a systemic pro-inflammatory condition. Direct bacterial invasion of the endothelium can also promote proatherogenic dysfunctions. This review discusses the current evidence regarding the role of oral microbiota dysbiosis and related immunoinflammatory components in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and associated CVD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alyssa J. J. Paganoni, Rossella Cannarella, Roberto Oleari, Federica Amoruso, Renata Antal, Marco Ruzza, Chiara Olivieri, Rosita A. Condorelli, Sandro La Vignera, Fationa Tolaj, Anna Cariboni, Aldo E. Calogero, Paolo Magni
Summary: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons play a crucial role in regulating reproduction. AMH, GH, and IGF1 were found to enhance the migration and function of GnRH neurons in vitro. However, their involvement in the development and function of GnRH neurons in vivo remains unknown. This study evaluated the expression of AMHR2, GHR, and IGF1R during different developmental stages in mice, revealing differential protein expression patterns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miron Sopic, Baiba Vilne, Eva Gerdts, Fabio Trindade, Shizuka Uchida, Soliman Khatib, Stephanie Bezzina Wettinger, Yvan Devaux, Paolo Magni
Summary: Multiomics studies offer accurate strategies for ASCVD, and AI and ML can integrate multiple datasets for personalized approaches. Challenges in data quality and privacy need to be addressed.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Passarelli, Antonella Lettieri, Tugba Nur Demirci, Paolo Magni
Summary: The coordinated and pulsatile secretion of GnRH plays a central role in vertebrate reproductive function. The development of the HPG axis involves complex molecular signals that control the migration and secretion of GnRH neurons. The pulsatile release of GnRH is regulated by central and peripheral factors and is crucial for the secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.
MINERVA ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)